AUDITORÍA AMBIENTAL PARA IMPLEMENTAR UN SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN ISO 14001 EN LA PLANTA DE LÁCTEOS DE LA CENTRAL AGRARIA DE PRODUCCIÓN CHICHAUSIRI, JUNÍN

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la factibilidad de implementar un sistema de gestión ambiental ISO 14001, determinar los grados de significancia de los impactos ambientales ocasionados e identificar sus medidas de control en una planta de quesos en Junín. Se utilizó la norma ISO 14001: 2004. El método consistió en dos etapas: primero se hizo una revisión de documentos relacionados al proceso productivo y, la segunda, consistió en efectuar dos visitas para entrevistar y encuestar a los responsables de la organización y la disposición de los ambientes internos y externos de la planta, finalmente, observar el proceso productivo de elaboración de quesos y entrevistas a los responsables de la planta. Los resultados muestran que en la recolección de leche utilizan materiales plásticos para sellar los porongos inoxidables generando residuos por el desgaste de los mismos lo que contamina el suelo en grado significativo, durante la pasteurización la fuente de calor es generada principalmente por la combustión de “champas” (pedazo de enredaderas esponjosas de los pastos que crecen en el suelo) provocando un aumento de la contaminación del aire en un grado de significancia media, también en esta etapa se identificó desperdicios de residuos de leche del orden del 3%. Durante el enfriamiento se generan efluentes líquidos de agua mayores a 35°C provocando una disminución de dicho recurso de modo significativo, en el desuerado un 20% del suero es destinado a la alimentación de porcinos y el restante es desechado hacia los riachuelos que desembocan al lago. En el empacado existen residuos de plástico y telas contaminando el suelo de manera significativa. Dichos aspectos ambientales deben ser subsanados por medio de medidas de prevención y mitigación como: establecer un programa de mantenimiento preventivo para el sistema de agua, mejorar el sistema de transporte de efluentes, mejorar la contención durante la operación de llenado de moldes, minimización de residuos plásticos, utilizar telas de algodón y realizar una revisión para la mejora de las características del horno artesanal para optimizar el flujo de la llama. Se concluye que los impactos ambientales identificados tienen un efecto significativo en más de la mitad, si bien se identificó una medida de control del impacto ambiental referido al suero de la leche, ésta requiere ser optimizada, por tales razones no existen condiciones factibles para la implementación del SGA ISO 14001.

Effectiveness and Benefits of the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme: Evidence from Polish Organisations

Climate change and environmental pollution are considered to be among the main challenges faced by the modern world. The growth of environmental awareness and the adoption of a pro-environmental approach are considered to be the key megatrends with the greatest impact on the global economy in the upcoming years. According to Eurobarometer, EU citizens are particularly aware of the importance of protecting the environment. Although the negative environmental impact of European industry has improved over the past decades, EU citizens believe that there is further scope in terms of helping companies transition towards adopting more sustainable models. One of the factors contributing to the reduction in negative environmental impact is the participation of enterprises in voluntary programs such as the Environmental Management System (EMS), according to ISO 14001, or the Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS). The whole population of Polish companies registered under the EMAS was included in the study and although the sample size was small, it was a full study, and for that reason allows for the generalisation and conclusion regarding the whole population of EMAS-registered companies in Poland. The results of the study conducted on EMAS-registered organisations in Poland in 2015 suggest that the average effectiveness of the EMAS observed between 2007 and 2014 was 66.4%. The aim of this study was to review the changes in EMAS effectiveness and benefits obtained by participating organisations after five years. The results indicate that the average effectiveness during the period of 2015–2020 increased to 79.1%; nevertheless, registered organisations recognise fewer benefits for participation in the scheme. The study has shown that as EMAS matures in organisations, it becomes more effective. It influences a lot of factors, such as environmental awareness and management commitment, the use of SRDs (including BEMPs), environmental performance indicators for specific sectors, the criteria for the excellence of assessing the level of environmental performance, and the skilful use of indicators in organisations.

Gestión de proyecto ISO 14001 y calidad ambiental de una localidad costeña del Perú.

Cuando la población no despliega esfuerzos para mantener la calidad ambiental, se inicia un proceso de contaminación creciente y es imperativo disminuir los factores que la originan. Dentro de este contexto se plantea analizar la relación entre la gestión de proyecto con base en norma ISO 14001 y la calidad ambiental en el distrito de San Vicente - Cañete, 2020, a través de un diseño no experimental y nivel correlacional. La aplicación de la encuesta a 600 trabajadores de los restaurantes de la zona en estudio, permitió determinar que existe una correlación buena y positiva (Rho= 0,725), concluyendo que la aplicación de la norma ISO 14001 mejorará la calidad ambiental en los restaurantes de la zona.

Perception of environmental insurance risk vs. implementation of control measures in organizations managed according to ISO 14001:2015 in Poland

The numerous studies of risk perception to date have been focused on three different areas of the subject. Firstly, researchers have aimed at the identification of risk perception determinants, secondly, they have created recommendations on how to communicate the risk to society, and finally they have analysed the relationships between risk perception measures and the means of risk control implemented in organizations. The last indicated research area is complemented by the following paper. On the basis of data derived from online interviews it was concluded that the higher the assessment of the measures of environmental insurance risk perception, the more frequently organizations implemented selected means of risk control in the environmental management system according to ISO 14001 (EMS ISO 14001). The largest number of statistically significant dependencies were observed in the area of variables which describe the informative potential of EMS ISO 14001 (informative potential variables) and those which directly determine the volume of environmental insurance risk (the volume of risk variables). Simultaneously, not all categories of risk perception measures are equally related to the frequency of risk control means implementation. A particularly large number of statistically significant correlations were identified for the following variable: the evaluation of the likelihood of the occurrence of environmental damage.

Examining The Evolving Environmental Protection Policy Convergence In The Ontario Municipal Drinking Water, Wastewater And Stormwater Sectors: Analysis Of State/Non-State Governance And The Value Of An Environmental Management System Standard For The Wastewater And Stormwater Sectors

The central question this dissertation attempts to answer is whether there is practical value in Ontario legislatively mandating that municipalities implement an environmental management system (EMS) standard for their wastewater and stormwater activities, to be added to the drinking water quality management system standard (DWQMS) that is already statutorily required. This research explores the evolving governance approaches of the municipal drinking, wastewater and stormwater sectors in Ontario, examining theories of governance, a review of the literature concerning policy convergence and standards as instruments of organizational innovation and the legal and policy framework within which municipal water management takes place.<div>The research method employed a combination of semi-structured interviews, case studies and a focus group as data gathering techniques. The research finds evidence in support of and wide recognition of the practical value of EMS by assisting municipalities in meeting their environmental objectives, addressing environmental and property damage risks, providing an additional mechanism of public accountability, transparency, and improving alignment with the existing legal structure. It was also apparent that there is no political appetite in the provincial government to embark on a mandated EMS, so the preferred option at this time is a provincially-endorsed, voluntary sector-specific standard for wastewater and also for stormwater, which could constitute a catalyst to boost voluntary uptake of EMS by small to medium municipalities (as it is already occurring with large municipalities). This standard could be based on a customized variation of the ISO 14001, DWQMS and other standards to address existing regulatory gaps. </div><div>The research also reveals that Ontario municipal water management governance is notable because governments are drawing on independently developed and implementing non-state forms of regulation (such as EMS standards), in which private sector, civil society and multistakeholder rule instruments, processes, institutions and actors all perform important roles in support of conventional state-based regulation, showing both horizontal and vertical policy convergence. </div><div>A limitation of the research is that it focuses on water governance of municipalities of one jurisdiction. Future research could examine the practical utility of examining water governance to other contexts (e.g., water governance for First Nations, and in non-Canadian jurisdictions) </div>

Examining The Evolving Environmental Protection Policy Convergence In The Ontario Municipal Drinking Water, Wastewater And Stormwater Sectors: Analysis Of State/Non-State Governance And The Value Of An Environmental Management System Standard For The Wastewater And Stormwater Sectors

The central question this dissertation attempts to answer is whether there is practical value in Ontario legislatively mandating that municipalities implement an environmental management system (EMS) standard for their wastewater and stormwater activities, to be added to the drinking water quality management system standard (DWQMS) that is already statutorily required. This research explores the evolving governance approaches of the municipal drinking, wastewater and stormwater sectors in Ontario, examining theories of governance, a review of the literature concerning policy convergence and standards as instruments of organizational innovation and the legal and policy framework within which municipal water management takes place.<div>The research method employed a combination of semi-structured interviews, case studies and a focus group as data gathering techniques. The research finds evidence in support of and wide recognition of the practical value of EMS by assisting municipalities in meeting their environmental objectives, addressing environmental and property damage risks, providing an additional mechanism of public accountability, transparency, and improving alignment with the existing legal structure. It was also apparent that there is no political appetite in the provincial government to embark on a mandated EMS, so the preferred option at this time is a provincially-endorsed, voluntary sector-specific standard for wastewater and also for stormwater, which could constitute a catalyst to boost voluntary uptake of EMS by small to medium municipalities (as it is already occurring with large municipalities). This standard could be based on a customized variation of the ISO 14001, DWQMS and other standards to address existing regulatory gaps. </div><div>The research also reveals that Ontario municipal water management governance is notable because governments are drawing on independently developed and implementing non-state forms of regulation (such as EMS standards), in which private sector, civil society and multistakeholder rule instruments, processes, institutions and actors all perform important roles in support of conventional state-based regulation, showing both horizontal and vertical policy convergence. </div><div>A limitation of the research is that it focuses on water governance of municipalities of one jurisdiction. Future research could examine the practical utility of examining water governance to other contexts (e.g., water governance for First Nations, and in non-Canadian jurisdictions) </div>

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE SELECTED TRANSPORT COMPANY OPERATED ON THE CZECH MARKET

Corporate social responsibility is a much-discussed topic because it includes an inexhaustible number of activities in the economic, social and environmental fields. The basic theoretical basis of social responsibility is applied to a specific Czech company. A questionnaire for the employees of the subsidiary helped with the research. It was found that the company is doing very well in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and has a good portfolio for compiling a comprehensive CSR report, which is a proposal as one of the measures. Another area suitable for the development of some activities is the ecological part. The company actively supports the ecological approach and behaviour, and it has set some measures, such as ISO 14001 certification at its gas station branches, so it is well on its way to certifying its office buildings. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, transport industry, Czech Republic

Key Tools for Social- and Environmental Performance, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Corporate responsibility provides the foundation for sustainable development. It is a complex sphere since there are several confusing initiatives intended to help companies incorporate sustainability. From an international perspective, the UN initiatives have had the most impact. I provide a short introduction to the history of key UN initiatives associated with environmental and social issues and how they relate to business and corporations. As the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have a key global framework for sustainable development, they will be discussed in detail with special attention to challenges and practical relevance for corporations. Well-known and widely applied initiatives to evaluate corporate performance like Fair Trade Certificate and ISO 14001; greenhouse and climate reporting initiatives, like the GHG Protocol, CDP, TCFD; sustainable reporting frameworks, like GRI and IIRC; and supply chain guidance and due diligence like the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, and new laws on transparency, will be presented.

Diseño de un modelo de gestión ambiental a partir de la ISO 14001 para cuatro instituciones educativas del distrito de Buenaventura

Se reporta el trabajo de investigación realizado en el distrito de Buenaventura en cuatro instituciones educativas, el cual tuvo como objetivo implementar la Norma ISO 14001 a través de la construcción de indicadores de gestión ambiental. Se concluyó que se determinó que el 100% de las cuatro instituciones en las cuales se desarrolló la investigación, presentan serios problemas en la gestión de los residuos, igualmente lo centros educativos presentan deterioro en sus instalaciones físicas, y un sistema deficiente en acueducto, aseo y alcantarillado; y existe fragmentación en el liderazgo de la gestión ambiental. Además se encontró que la implementación de la ISO 14001 en las instituciones presenta la dificultad de la estructura organizativa de los centros escolares en Colombia, que muchas veces son diferentes a la organización empresarial, las escuelas se distancian en su administración y propuesta del concepto empresarial, a pesar de que en muchos sectores se habla de empresas educativas, a nivel público la estructura organizativa tiene unas particularidades como son: dependencia centralizada de las secretarias de educación, lo cual limita las decisiones, procesos y el manejo de los rubros destinados a fortalecer la gestión ambiental en las instituciones educativas (en las instituciones no existen rubros asignados a los programas de educación ambiental), porque tienen una responsabilidad en la formación integral de sus estudiantes, aspecto que redunda en que los procesos deben ir más allá de la mera gestión e involucrar acciones formativas. Y tienen un factor adicional muy importante, que son los actores (padres de familia) que juegan un papel fundamental en los procesos complementarios de formación y se depende de su participación (activa o apática) la capacidad de convocatoria institucional y el respaldo que le den al colegio.

Assessing the impact of environmental management systems on corporate and environmental performance

The interests of companies have increased to reduce or remove the waste produced during the manufacture, usage and/or disposal of the goods of the company. The necessity for such activities has been prioritised, while current research attempts to uncover the components which promote or dissuade such actions. With the advent of ISO 14001 corporate environmental management systems became the focus of attention (EMS). The basic premise is that such a system is crucial for the capacity of an enterprise to decrease waste and pollution and improve its overall performance concurrently. In this research, this assumption is assessed. Based on the data given by North American executives surveys, their behavior towards EMS and ISO 14001, the research evaluates the relative impacts of a formal but not certified EMS compared to a formal, certified system. The findings show firmly that companies with a formal EMS perceive well beyond pollution reduction and that the effect on many aspects of operating performance is critically favorable. The findings indicate that companies that have received EMS certification have a higher performance effect than companies that do not have their EMS certification. Moreover, experience with these systems has a larger effect on the selection and usage of environmental choices over time. These findings show the necessity to investigate deeper EMS, the environmental choices of a company and the direct and indirect connections between these systems and performance.