scholarly journals Design Requirements Substantiation for an Automated Planting Unit for Potato Minitubers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
A. S. Dorokhov ◽  
V. N. Zernov ◽  
S. N. Petukhov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Roller Diameter ◽  
Original Seed ◽  
Type Device ◽  
Unit Speed ◽  
Guide Roller ◽  
Design Requirements

The authors showed that the transition to the technology of virus-free minitubers mass production changed the machines requirements for planting original seed potatoes.(Research purpose) To develop a technological scheme and substantiate the design parameters of the planting apparatus of an automatic planter of potato minitubers.(Materials and methods) The development was based on an elevator-type planting apparatus. The authors decided to create a spoon design with the ability to grip and move into the guide casing one minituber in each spoon, eliminating the minitubers jumping from one spoon to another or pinching them when moving along the guiding casing to the furrow bottom. The diameters of the lower guide and upper drive rollers were theoretically substantiated in order to exclude the influence of the planting tubers sizes difference on the uniformity of their submitting into the furrow.(Results and discussion) The authors determined the minimum permissible elevator belt speed, which depended on the distance between the spoons on the elevator belt and the planting unit speed. The size of the upper driving reel diameter was justified from the condition that the spoon unfolded 180 degrees in at least 1.5 seconds, which ensured a tuber smooth transition to the back side of the spoon.(Conclusions) The authors developed a technological scheme of an automatic planting elevator type device for planting potato minitubers with a working speed of 6-9 kilometers per hour. It was found that the upper driving reel diameter was not less than 44 centimeters, and the lower guide roller diameter was not more than 12 centimeters. They showed that the double-sided design of scooping spoons with the possibility of installing replaceable bowls in them would ensure a high-quality planting of not only minitubers, but also subsequent reproductions of seed and ware potatoes with a tuber mass of 5-80 grams.

Design & Analysis of Steam Drum Based on ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Div.2 & Div.3

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 511-517
Author(s):  
Vishal Payghan ◽  
Dattatray N. Jadhav ◽  
Girish Y. Savant ◽  
Sagar Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plastic Collapse ◽  
Finite Element Stress Analysis ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Steam Drum

Process plant industries have equipment working on high pressure and high temperature environments. The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII provides rules for construction of the pressure vessel. The purpose of this paper is to have comparative study for design and analysis of steam drum using ASME Section VIII Div. 2 and Div. 3. Steam drum is a part of boiler system and works at high pressure and high temperature. Normally, Steam drum design is based on ASME Section VIII Div. 2, Part 4, design by rule and Part 5, design by analysis; which has been carried out in the present study. In this paper, design of the same equipment is studied using Part KD, Design requirements of ASME Section VIII Div. 3 with similar design parameters. Finite Element Stress Analysis of both design has been done as per code requirements to check the plastic collapse. In this study, it is observed that there is reduction in the required thickness for design based on Div. 3. Finally, the reduced required thickness leads to considerable weight reduction of the equipment and thus increased competitiveness.

Design-airworthiness integration method for general aviation aircraft during early development stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076
Author(s):  
Maxim Tyan ◽  
Jungwon Yoon ◽  
Nhu Van Nguyen ◽  
Jae-Woo Lee ◽  
Sangho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Design Requirements

Purpose Major changes of an aircraft configuration are conducted during the early design stage. It is important to include the airworthiness regulations at this stage while there is extensive freedom for designing. The purpose of this paper is to introduce an efficient design framework that integrates airworthiness guidelines and documentation at the early design stage. Design/methodology/approach A new design and optimization process is proposed that logically includes the airworthiness regulations as design parameters and constraints by constructing a certification database. The design framework comprises requirements analysis, preliminary sizing, conceptual design synthesis and loads analysis. A design certification relation table (DCRT) describes the legal regulations in terms of parameters and values suitable for use in design optimization. Findings The developed framework has been validated and demonstrated for the design of a Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) 23 four-seater small aircraft. The validation results show an acceptable level of accuracy to be applied during the early design stage. The total mass minimization problem has been successfully solved while satisfying all the design requirements and certification constraints specified in the DCRT. Moreover, successful compliance with FAR 23 subpart C is demonstrated. The proposed method is a useful tool for design optimization and compliance verifications during the early stages of aircraft development. Practical implications The new certification database proposed in this research makes it simpler for engineers to access a large amount of legal documentation related to airworthiness regulations and provides a link between the regulation text and actual design parameters and their bounds. Originality/value The proposed design optimization framework integrates the certification database that is built of several types of legal documents such as regulations, advisory circulars and standards. The Engineering Requirements and Guide summarizes all the documents and design requirements into a single document. The DCRT is created as a summary table that indicates the design parameters affected by a given regulation(s), the design stage at which the parameter can be evaluated and its value bounds. The introduction of the certification database into the design optimization framework significantly reduces the engineer’s load related for airworthiness regulations.

Experimental Study on Coal Entry with Water Trickling and Burst Cracked Roof Supported by Anchor Net

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 3493-3497
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Ma ◽  
Bao Qing Dai ◽  
Guang Peng Qin ◽  
Bin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Coal Roadway ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Data Field ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Design Requirements

There are large amount of roof water spray in 10# coal seam working face in Tuan Bai coal mine, and the immediate roof with bedding and fractures was fractured. There are also many fallen columns, roof integrity was affected. Varying degrees of damage appeared by adopting traditional I-beam type passive support, when encountered fault, collapse columns and other complex tectonic areas, it prone to collapse accidents. This paper analyses the adaptability of anchor net support, based on the characteristics of coal roadway with water trickling and burst cracked roof, combined field research, coal and rock sampling and underground measures and test methods; by the application of waterproof anchoring agent, making the bolt, the anchorage force meet the design requirements, and ultimately determine the design parameters. Field trails in the headentry, and by analyzing the rock pressure monitoring data, field tests showed that the effect of supporting is good.

An Investigation into the Design Parameters of Double Layer Space Frame Grids

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Rustom Madi
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Space Frame ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Design Requirements

A parametric study of the various factors affecting the design of double layer space frame grids is presented. This parametric study was conducted with the help of example structures and covered the support arrangement, the grid depth, the grid module and the grid layouts. The intent is to give the designer an idea about the effects of the choice of any of these parameters on the grid's behaviour and design requirements. This information should serve as a means for developing successful preliminary designs and as such reduce the need for many trials before the design is finalised.

Design and Research of Blade for Poultry Indoor Ventilation

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 806-810
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Die Forming

According to the design requirements of indoor ventilation, use closed die forming process of low cost to product several types composite wind turbine blade, through actual operation experiments verify the effects of different design parameters on the fan running. The results showed that the leaf size, the molding process of precise, stable quality satisfies the equilibrium requirement.

Design Requirements for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Qing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Design Requirements

This paper presents the research in support of the development of design requirements for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). An overview of technical challenges in the design of FOWTs is discussed, followed by a summary of the case studies using representative FOWT concepts. Three design concepts, including a Spar-type, a TLP-type and a Semisubmersible-type floating support structure carrying a 5-MW offshore wind turbine, are selected for the case studies. Both operational and extreme storm conditions on the US Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) are considered. A state-of-the-art simulation technique is employed to perform fully coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic analysis using the integrated FOWT model. This technique can take into account dynamic interactions among the turbine Rotor-Nacelle Assembly (RNA), turbine control system, floating support structure and stationkeeping system. The relative importance of various design parameters and their impact on the development of design criteria are evaluated through parametric analyses. The paper also introduces the design requirements put forward in the recently published ABS Guide for Building and Classing Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Installations (ABS, 2013).

Design and Analysis of a Swashplate Control System for an Asymmetric Axial Piston Pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Jia-Hai Huang ◽  
Hui-Min Hao ◽  
Long Quan ◽  
Shuai-xu Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
System Dynamic ◽  
Piston Pump ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Axial Piston Pump ◽  
Swash Plate ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Bode Diagram ◽  
Axial Piston

Abstract Based on the previously developed fixed-displacement asymmetric axial piston pump, a variable displacement asymmetric axial piston pump (VDAAPP) with three independent suction/delivery ports is proposed. A basic linear model of VDAAPP is established to get open-loop bode diagram. Based on open-loop Bode diagram features and design requirements, P-controller is determined for VDAAPP. Then VDAAPP's performance is investigated by advanced modeling environment for performing simulations of engineering systems (AMESim) and automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems (ADAMS) joint simulation, and some key design parameters are obtained. Next, a VDAAPP prototype with a maximum displacement of 40 cc/rev is designed and manufactured, ratio of flow rates at ports A, B and T is 1:0.6:0.4. Due to hard limitations of the test bench, the performance only under the conditions of the opposite passive loads is tested. Preliminary test results indicate that VDAAPP prototype works normally and meets the design requirements for flow ratio, and the maximum rise time of the test pressure is about 0.32 s. However, due to special design of VDAAPP valve plate, the swash plate torque severely limits system dynamic response. Therefore, an improved swashplate control system based on asymmetric-valve-controlled asymmetric-piston scheme is presented as well, it is found to be an effective way to suppress the negative impact of swash plate torque on system dynamic performance. This provides a direction for the optimization of the swashplate control system for asymmetric axial piston pumps in the future.

scholarly journals Genetic Algorithm-Based Tuning of Backstepping Controller for a Quadrotor-Type Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735
Author(s):  
Omar Rodríguez-Abreo ◽  
Juan Manuel Garcia-Guendulain ◽  
Rodrigo Hernández-Alvarado ◽  
Alejandro Flores Rangel ◽  
Carlos Fuentes-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
System Response ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Self Tuning ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Backstepping Controller

Backstepping is a control technique based on Lyapunov’s theory that has been successfully implemented in the control of motors and robots by several nonlinear methods. However, there are no standardized methods for tuning control gains (unlike the PIDs). This paper shows the tuning gains of the backstepping controller, using Genetic Algorithms (GA), for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), quadrotor type, designed for autonomous trajectory tracking. First, a dynamic model of the vehicle is obtained through the Newton‒Euler methodology. Then, the control law is obtained, and self-tuning is performed, through which we can obtain suitable values of the gains in order to achieve the design requirements. In this work, the establishment time and maximum impulse are considered as such. The tuning and simulations of the system response were performed using the MATLAB-Simulink environment, obtaining as a result the compliance of the design parameters and the correct tracking of different trajectories. The results show that self-tuning by means of genetic algorithms satisfactorily adjusts for the gains of a backstepping controller applied to a quadrotor and allows for the implementation of a control system that responds appropriately to errors of different magnitude.

Design and Analysis of a Meso-Scale Refrigerator

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Ashraf ◽  
H. C. Carter ◽  
K. Casey ◽  
L. C. Chow ◽  
S. Corban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Removal ◽  
Electrostatic Actuation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Variable Capacitance ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Heat Removal System ◽  
Thermodynamic Feasibility ◽  
Meso Scale ◽  
Removal System

Abstract The preliminary design and analysis of a meso-scale refrigerator is presented here. The device is to be designed out of layers of silicon wafers bonded together and is to be fabricated through the techniques of microelectronics. The intended application of the device is an integrated heat removal system for electronics or photonic chips or modules. The paper presents a functional decomposition of the entire system, thermodynamic feasibility analysis, alternative configurations for two of the functions: actuation and compression, and parametric analysis for two alternative candidates for compressor actuation. A set of reasonable design requirements is first formulated. Overall function of the devices is decomposed into nine major sub-functions. Comparison of different alternatives for compression and actuation suggests that electrostatic actuation integrated with centrifugal compression is a viable option. Two different ways to implement electrostatic actuation are considered in details: variable capacitance motor and electrostatic induction motor. A set of design relations and criteria needed to obtain the optimal design of each motor is presented along with a discussion on relative effects of the main design parameters.

Optimization Design for the Diaphragm Spring of Automobile Clutch

2014 ◽  
Vol 889-890 ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Cui Xia Guo ◽  
Hong Zhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Elastic Characteristic ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Cycle ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The diaphragm spring is the key element in modern automobile clutch. Its elastic characteristic affects the overall performance of the clutch. Taking a car as an example, According to the design requirements and characteristics, it was to establish the mathematical model of optimum design of automobile clutch diaphragm spring. It was to optimize the design parameters of the basic structure of the diaphragm spring by using the MATLAB optimization toolbox. It did finite element analysis for the 3D modeling using ANSYS software. The results show that: it can be obtained more reasonably of the diaphragm spring elastic curve by the optimal design, shorten the design cycle, reduce the cost of.

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