THE APPLICATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF ACUTE POSTEXERCISE RHABDOMYOLYSIS

Introduction. Rhabdomyolysis is destruction syndrome of striated skeletal muscle characterized by myalgia, an increase of creatine phosphokinase level (CPK), serum myoglobin and myoglobulinuria. This review presents the analysis of five cases of acute postexercise rhabdomyolysis happened to militaries, complicated by pigmentary nephropathy with the description of clinical and laboratory studies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroneuromyographic and morphological features. The purpose of the study is the clinical assessment of MRI for the diagnosis of postexercise rhabdomyolysis. Results. A comparative assessment demonstrated that in the presented clinical cases in the muscle groups with minimal edematous changes, an increase in the MR signal was observed at T2-WISPAIR, as well as in diffusion-weighted images (factor b — 0, 500, 1000), at the same time on all other pulse sequences (including STIR) changes in signal intensity were not detected. Conclusion. There was shown that in mild cases of rhabdomyolysis, the regression of MR manifestations corresponds to a decrease in laboratory parameters of CPK and myoglobin, whereas in severe forms of rhabdomyolysis, the regression of MR manifestations is significantly slowed down relative to laboratory indicators, and in the place of necrosis areas, the foci of degeneration form (hyperintensive on T1 and T2-WI, hypo-intensive on T1-WI-SPIR and T2-WI-SPAIR). Morphologically confirmed the fact of pronounced hemorrhage in the compartment syndrome due to postload rhabdomyolysis (hyperintensive sites on T1-WI and T1-WI-SPIR, iso-, hypointensive on T2-WI, T2-WI-SPAIR).

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Dilated Virchow–Robin Spaces Mimicking a Brainstem Arteriovenous Malformation

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.4103/0976-3147.203826 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (02) ◽

pp. 291-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas J. Buell ◽

Arjun Ramesh ◽

Dale Ding ◽

Daniel M. S. Raper ◽

Ching-Jen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Unique Case ◽

Cystic Neoplasms ◽

Imaging Characteristics ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

ABSTRACTVirchow–Robin spaces (VRS) are ubiquitous and commonly observed as the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to improve. The function of VRS and the etiology of their dilation is still a subject of research. Diagnosing dilated VRS (dVRS) can be challenging because they may appear similar to other pathologies such as cystic neoplasms, infectious cysts, and even arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) on certain MRI pulse sequences. We reported a unique case of brainstem dVRS mimicking an AVM. Furthermore, the extensive pontine involvement of our patient’s lesion is rarely described in neurosurgical literature. Understanding the imaging characteristics of dVRS is critical to accurately diagnose these lesions and avoid unnecessary tests and procedures.

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Magnetic resonance imaging findings in probable Creutzfeld-Jacob disease: comparison with electroencephalography and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics

Acta Radiologica Short Reports ◽

10.1177/2047981614552218 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (10) ◽

pp. 204798161455221

Author(s):

Melda Bozluolcay ◽

Ayse D Elmali ◽

Sukriye F Menku ◽

Burcu Zeydan ◽

Gulcin Benbir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Initial Symptom ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Diffusion Weighted Images ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Age Range

Background Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (CJD) is a rare, progressive disease that has a vast clinical manifestation range. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and measurement of 14-3-3 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may offer a pragmatic approach in the diagnosis of CJD as an alternative to histopathological confirmation. Purpose To present the symptoms and signs of the CJD patients in regard to radiological and neurophysiological findings. Material and Methods We collected all cases with the diagnosis of probable CJD admitted to our neurology department between June 2010 and June 2014. The medical records and laboratory data, clinical features, results of MRI (including diffusion weighted images), EEG and CSF evaluations, and other laboratory data to exclude other possible diagnoses were recorded. None of the patients underwent biopsy or autopsy for histological diagnosis. Results Of 20 patients, 11 (55%) were men and nine (45%) were women. The mean age at disease onset was 60.0 ± 9.5 years (age range, 47–80 years). All patients without exception had characteristic abnormalities in DWI and/or FLAIR on admission, about 4 months after the initial symptom. Periodic complexes on EEGs characteristic for CJD were detected only in 10 patients (50%) on admission and in 13 patients (65%) during disease course. Out of 14 patients who underwent CSF examination, 11 (78.5%) were positive for 14-3-3 protein. Conclusion Although the definite diagnosis of CJD is made histopathologically, we aimed to discuss the value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of CJD in respect to EEG findings and protein 14-3-3 levels in CSF.

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CMR—basic principles

The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/med/9780198849353.003.0004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 67-78

Author(s):

Jan Bogaert ◽

Rolf Symons ◽

Jeremy Wright

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Tissue Characterization ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cardiac Evaluation ◽

One Stop ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Single Modality

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has rapidly evolved to become the modality of choice in the evaluation of a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disorders. This is mostly related to its multiparametric approach where the different features such as morphology (including deep tissue characterization), function, perfusion can be non-invasively studied using a series of (different) pulse sequences. Therefore, CMR may provide a ‘one stop shop’ approach to cardiac patients offering a complete cardiac evaluation by a single modality without the use of ionizing radiation. However, to maximize its clinical use, not all pulse sequences should be used in every patient. Moreover, minimizing time spent in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine is desirable in critically ill, unstable patients. Therefore, experienced cardiac imagers from radiology and cardiology should be present to provide on-site real-time assessment of the images and to determine which pulse sequences are necessary each patient. In this fashion, a complete CMR exam should be obtainable in less than 30 minutes for the vast majority of patients. The aim of this chapter is to describe the physics and practical aspects of CMR and then explore the available pulse sequences, so that the clinical utility of CMR can be maximized.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Acoustic Neuromas

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198506000-00004 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 763-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gary J. DeFilipp ◽

William A. Buchheit

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Diagnostic Modality ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Acoustic Neuromas ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Echo Pulse

Abstract Ten patients with neurosensory hearing loss and computed tomographic (CT) evidence of acoustic neuromas were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tumors ranged in size from 0.8 to 3.7 cm. With the use of spin echo pulse sequences, all tumors were identified by MRI and appeared as masses with signal intensities greater than that of cerebrospinal fluid and equal to or greater than that of brain stem. Two patients who previously had undergone operation for acoustic neuromas were evaluated with MRI. In one patient with CT evidence of tumor recurrence, the lesion could not be identified by MRI. MRI holds promise of becoming a primary diagnostic modality for the evaluation of acoustic neuromas.

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Current approaches to magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of epileptogenic and associated lesions of the brain

Neurology neuropsychiatry Psychosomatics ◽

10.14412/2074-2711-2018-1s-4-11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1S) ◽

pp. 4-11

Author(s):

E. M. Perepelova ◽

V. A. Perepelov ◽

M. S. Merkulova ◽

V. E. Sinitsyn

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Brain Structure ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Associated Lesions ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

The Brain

With the development of current neuroimaging techniques, their role in diagnosing epilepsy is becoming more significant and that is not only in identifying the disease that plays a key role in epileptogenesis, but also in assisting a clinician in the subsequent formulation of the diagnosis, in correcting drug therapy, and, in some cases, in addressing the issue of surgical treatment in the patient. The priority technique in this case is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that has high sensitivity and specificity in defining the location of minor and more major lesions of the brain structure and that includes a set of current sequences that can obtain important diagnostic information about the functional state of the brain. This article highlights the International League Against Epilepsy guidelines for MRI in patients with suspected epilepsy, assesses the use of and briefly characterizes both structural and functional pulse sequences that are most commonly included in the epileptological protocol. It considers major pathological processes and evaluates anatomical and functional changes in the brain structure, which play an important role in epileptogenesis.

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Magnetic resonance imaging in acute mastoiditis

Acta Radiologica Short Reports ◽

10.1177/2047981614523415 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 204798161452341 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ivan Platzek ◽

Hagen H Kitzler ◽

Volker Gudziol ◽

Michael Laniado ◽

Gabriele Hahn

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Acute Mastoiditis ◽

Subperiosteal Abscess ◽

Diffusion Weighted Images ◽

Tof Mra ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background In cases of suspected mastoiditis, imaging is used to evaluate the extent of mastoid destruction and possible complications. The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in mastoiditis has not been systematically evaluated. Purpose To assess the diagnostic performance of MRI in patients with suspected acute mastoiditis. Material and Methods Twenty-three patients with suspected acute mastoiditis were included in this retrospective study (15 boys, 8 girls; mean age, 2 years 11 months). All patients were examined on a 1.5 T MRI system. The MRI examination included both enhanced and non-enhanced turbo spin echo (TSE), diffusion-weighted images, and venous time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF MRA) for the evaluation of the venous sinuses. Surgical findings, as well as clinical and imaging follow-up were used as the standard of reference. The sensitivity and accuracy of MRI for mastoiditis and subperiosteal abscesses was calculated. Results Twenty (87%) of 23 patients had mastoiditis, and 12 (52%) of 23 patients had a subperiosteal abscess in addition to mastoiditis. Mastoiditis and subperiosteal abscesses were identified by MRI in all cases. Sensitivity for mastoiditis was 100%, specificity was 66%, and accuracy was 86%. Sensitivity for subperiosteal abscesses was 100% and accuracy was 100%. Conclusion Multiparametric MRI has high accuracy for mastoiditis and subperiosteal abscesses.

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INVERSION RECOVERY GRADIENT ECHO PULSE SEQUENCE PROGRAM ON A 0.7 TESLA OPEN SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PLATFORM

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519416400200 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (08) ◽

pp. 1640020

Author(s):

SHUO LI ◽

YANCHUN ZHU ◽

JIE YANG ◽

YAOQIN XIE ◽

SONG GAO

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Pulse Sequence ◽

Pure Water ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

Inversion Recovery ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Gradient Echo ◽

Recovery Times ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The newly developed open superconducting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, which combines the advantages of the high magnetic fields of superconducting MRI systems and open characteristics of permanent MRI systems, has great potential in clinical and research applications. However, few pulse sequences are applicable to this system. In addition, further testing on this system is needed. Therefore, in this paper, an inversion recovery gradient echo (IR-GE) pulse sequence was developed based on the features of the 0.7 Tesla open superconducting MRI system. An MR Solutions spectrometer was used to control the IR-GE pulse sequence. The developed IR-GE pulse sequence was applied to a pure water phantom using different inversion recovery times (TI). The results of the theoretical analysis and experiments indicate that the developed IR-GE pulse sequence could be effectively applied to the 0.7 Tesla open superconducting MRI system.

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Autonomous Magnetic Resonance Imaging

10.1101/2020.03.30.20047191 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keerthi Sravan Ravi ◽

Sairam Geethanath

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Pulse Sequences ◽

User Interaction ◽

Time Constraints ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Image Reconstructions ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractAccess to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) across developing countries from being prohibitive to scarcely available. For example, eleven countries in Africa have no scanners. One critical limitation is the absence of skilled manpower required for MRI usage. Some of these challenges can be mitigated using autonomous MRI (AMRI) operation. In this work, we demonstrate AMRI to simplify MRI workflow by separating the required intelligence and user interaction from the acquisition hardware. AMRI consists of three components: user node, cloud and scanner. The user node voice interacts with the user and presents the image reconstructions at the end of the AMRI exam. The cloud generates pulse sequences and performs image reconstructions while the scanner acquires the raw data. An AMRI exam is a custom brain screen protocol comprising of one T1-, T2- and T2*-weighted exams. A neural network is trained to incorporate Intelligent Slice Planning (ISP) at the start of the AMRI exam. A Look Up Table was designed to perform intelligent protocolling by optimising for contrast value while satisfying signal to noise ratio and acquisition time constraints. Data were acquired from four healthy volunteers for three experiments with different acquisition time constraints to demonstrate standard and self-administered AMRI. The source code is available online. AMRI achieved an average SNR of 22.86 ± 0.89 dB across all experiments with similar contrast. Experiment #3 (33.66% shorter table time than experiment #1) yielded a SNR of 21.84 ± 6.36 dB compared to 23.48 ± 7.95 dB for experiment #1. AMRI can potentially enable multiple scenarios to facilitate rapid prototyping and research and streamline radiological workflow. We believe we have demonstrated the first Autonomous MRI of the brain.

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