scholarly journals China’s AI experience: industrial digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-546
Author(s):  
Marina S. Reshetnikova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
United States ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The Moment

The rapid acceleration of scientific and technological progress, which started at the beginning of the 21st century, has become a decisive factor in influencing the global economy. Who will lead the global innovation race? This problem is especially relevant in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). At the moment, the United States and China are the main participants in the battle for dominance in this area. The author assesses Chinas innovative potential in the field of AI and identifies its achievements in this area. Based on the statistics provided, Chinas AI leadership has reached a critical point. China is confidently leading the new fundamental research of artificial intelligence, forming its theoretical base and applied research and development, which will contribute to the creation of new high-tech innovative products and services. However, in terms of the number and quality of AI specialists (AI Talents) and the number of companies engaged in AI, China is still lagging behind its main rival, namely the United States. The author proved that, despite the obvious successes of China, the United States still has an equal lead in the global innovation race.

High–Tech, Aggressive Palliative Care: In the Service of Quality of Life

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Dush
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Hospice Movement

The hospice movement grew in part as a reaction to the perception that modern medical care had become too technological at the expense of being impersonal and insensitive to human psychological and spiritual concerns. In the United States, the institutionalization of hospice care under Medicare and other reimbursement systems has further established hospice as an alternative to high-technology, high-cost care. The present paper examines the question: What if hospice care becomes itself high-technology, aggressive, costly health care in order to remain true to its goal of maximizing quality of life? Implications for the goals and philosophical underpinnings of palliative care are discussed.

Thinking Like a River

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Worster
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Soil Resource ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Poor Management

When we drive by a modern farm, we still expect to see green plants sprouting from the earth, bearing the promise of food or cooking oil or a cotton shirt. Pulling up one of those plants, we are still prepared to find dirt clinging to its roots. Even in this age of high-tech euphoria, agriculture remains essentially a matter of plants growing in the soil. But another element besides soil has always been a part of the farmer’s life-water. Farming is not only growing crops on a piece of land, it is also growing crops in water. I don’t mean a hydroponics lab. I mean that the farmer and his plants inescapably are participants in the natural cycle of water on this planet. Water is a more volatile, uncertain element than soil in the agricultural equation. Soil naturally stays there on the farm, unless poor management intervenes, whereas water is by nature forever on the move, falling from the clouds, soaking down to roots, running off in streams to the sea. We must farm rivers and the flow of water as well as fields and pastures if we are to continue to thrive. But it has never been easy to extract a living from something so mobile and elusive, so relentless and yet so vulnerable as water. If there is to be a long-term, sustainable agriculture in the United States or elsewhere, farmers must think and act in accord with the flow of water over, under, through, and beyond their farms. Preserving the fertility of the soil resource is critical to sustaining it, of course, but not more so than maintaining the quality of water. In many ways, the two ideals are one. And their failure is one, as when rain erodes the topsoil and creeks and rivers suffer. But there are differences between those two resources, differences we must understand and respect. Unlike soil, water cannot be “built.” It can be lost to the farmer, or it can be diverted, polluted, misused, or over-appropriated, but it can never be deepened or enhanced as soil can be.

scholarly journals GLOBAL MARKET OF INTELLIGENT INVESTMENTS: EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-165
Author(s):  
Nataliia YURCHUK ◽  
Svitlana KIPORENKO
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Global Market ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Products

The article deals with the meaning of the concept of «intellectual investment». It was found that this economic category is quite diverse and most foreign and domestic scientists give only a general definition. Based on the studied approaches to understanding the essence of intellectual investment, the authors provide their own interpretation of this economic category. So, intellectual investment is any investment in intangible assets: training and retraining, research and development, transfer of know-how, creation of innovative products for additional economic benefits. A number of features that distinguish investments in intellectual capital from other types of investments are identified and attention is paid to approaches to the classification of types of intellectual investments. It is established that the leading countries in the implementation of intellectual investment in 2020 are China, the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, and the trend of increasing the share of spending on innovation is observed in such regions as Asia and the Middle East, respectively. The place of the countries in the ranking of the Global Innovation Index, which is headed by Switzerland, Sweden and the United States, followed by Great Britain and the Netherlands, is described. The level of development of intellectual investments in Ukraine in terms of financing of innovation activities during 2016-2020, as well as in terms of receipt of applications for industrial property in Ukraine and the world is analyzed. The main negative factors that hinder the development of intellectual investment in Ukraine are assessed, and on the basis of world experience the effects that can be obtained as a result of investing in intellectual capital at different economic levels are highlighted. Due to the fact that Ukraine is losing its authority and attractiveness in the field of invention in the international arena, it is proposed to create a clear program to attract investment in intellectual capital, increase the share of budget funds for development and implementation of innovations, introduce programs to encourage the return of scientists. who previously emigrated.

scholarly journals HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE COUNTRY

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Products

The article discusses the concepts of "potential" and "economic potential", analyzes their interpretation by different scientists, and gives reasons for the importance of its awareness by countries for which it determines their specialization. The economic potential of high-tech production in Ukraine is analyzed by such indicators as the part of enterprises that inculcate innovations (products and/or technological processes), the part of the amount of the realized innovative products (commodities, services) in the general volume of the realized products (commodities, services) of industrial enterprises, the costs of innovative activity, export of high-tech products, the amount of workers per a million habitants of country, that are engaged in developments and researches, and middle and high-tech industry (including building) in the percent of value-added of production of Ukraine. The article consideres the place of Ukraine in the Global Innovation Index. Comparative description of Ukraine, Poland, and Vietnam is fulfilled according to the indexes of exports of high-tech products (in billion USD) and amount of workers per a million habitants of the country that is engaged in developments and scientific researches. The paper analyzes how the share of high-tech products affects the development of the economy and competitiveness of the country. It shows the costs of scientific and technical research and development of Ukraine as compared with the United States, Germany and Japan. It also considers the importance of investment activity in Ukraine for the development of the country's economic potential. The article indicates the problems that hinder the development of technological and scientific potentials of Ukraine. Recommendations are given on the possibilities of increasing the economic potential of high-tech national production in order to increase Ukraine's competitiveness in the world market.

scholarly journals The Effect of ­High-Tech Clusters on the Productivity of Top Inventors

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 3328-3375
Author(s):  
Enrico Moretti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Cluster ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Sector ◽  
Aggregate Amount ◽  
Productivity Gains

The high-tech sector is concentrated in a small number of cities. The ten largest clusters in computer science, semiconductors, and biology account for 69 percent, 77 percent, and 59 percent of all US inventors, respectively. Using longitudinal data on 109,846 inventors, I find that geographical agglomeration results in significant productivity gains. When an inventor moves to a city with a large cluster of inventors in the same field, she experiences a sizable increase in the number and quality of patents produced. The presence of significant productivity externalities implies that the agglomeration of inventors generates large gains in the aggregate amount of innovation produced in the United States. (JEL D62, J24, L60, O31, 034, R32)

China after Boao-2015

2015 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
V. Mikheev ◽  
S. Lukonin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Balance Of Forces ◽  
Innovation Economy ◽  
The Cold War

At the Boao Forum-2015 China fixed the main directions of its domestic and foreign policy. The major goal of its foreign policy is to actively influence the global economy development in the coming decades. The main impact directions are the following: restructuring of the world's infrastructure, changing of the global financial system, becoming one of the drivers in the global innovation economy. On a personal level, Xi Jinping continues to consistently implement its “strategic goal” – to go down in history as China's “number three leader” after Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. Xi is developing his major innovations: fight against corruption, establishment of the National Security Council, development of the “Chinese Dream” concept, formulation of the “New Norm” concept in the economy and of a new foreign policy doctrine. In the foreign policy, the course of improving China's global role and building a “new type” relationship with the United States is being strengthened. In relations with Russia and the United States, Beijing is following the dual-track policy of “hedging” political risks: on one hand, talking about a “special relationship with Russia”, and on the other – using the worsening of relations between Russia and the United States in order to receive dividends from both “Russia's turn to the East” and the U.S.' desire to prevent the rapprochement between Russia and China in a new version of the “Cold War”. Prospects for a new balance of forces configuration in the West-China-Russia triangle over the next five to ten years do not appear favorable for Russia. China will continue the trend to global leadership and “partnership-rivalry” relationship with the United States. Acknowledgement. The article is prepared with fi nancial support of the Russian Humanitarian Foundation (grant no. 15-27-21002 “Eastern Europe and Russia Factor in Implementation of Chinese Silk Road Economic Belt Megastrategy”).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document