scholarly journals Arah Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental: Tren Global dan Nasional Serta Tantangan Aktual

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ilham Akhsanu Ridlo ◽  
Rizqy Amelia Zein
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Treatment Gap

AbstractGlobally, during the last three decades, mental health has played significant role in regards to thediscourse of global health policy. Since two decades ago, WHO has firmly defined health as a roundedstate of condition where an individual reach “...not merely the absence of the illness, but also achievementof physical, mental and social well-being.” WHO’s definition of health implies a significant impact onglobal health policy – all members of states should adhere their health policy to this definition. TheGlobal Burden of Disease study carried out by IHME (The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)in 2012 that mapped out the burden of disease around the world revealed an appalling fact namelyworsened mental health condition. Years lost due to disability (YLD) study mentioned that 6 out to 20diseases that were most responsible in causing disability were mental illnesses. Therefore, this articleaimed to describe the mental illness prevalence in global and national level by reviewing several mentalillness epidemiological studies. Additionally, this article highlighted some of important challenges thatshould be considered by healthcare service providers and policymakers in tackling mental health issues,which are treatment gap and mental health stigma.Keywords: Mental Health Policy, Global and National Prevalence, Treatment Gap AbstrakSecara global, dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun terakhir, isu mengenai kesehatan mental memainkanperan penting dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan global. Sejak dua dekade yang lalu, WHOmengeluarkan definisi sehat sebagai suatu kondisi dimana seorang indvidu mencapai “...tak sekedarbebas dari penyakit, melainkan mampu mencapai kesejahteraan fisik, mental dan sosial.” Definisidari WHO tersebut berkonsekuensi besar dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan mental, dimanaseluruh negara anggotanya harus menyandarkan garis besar kebijakan kesehatannya pada definisi ini.Studi mengenai Global Burden of Disease yang diselenggarakan oleh IHME (The Institute for HealthMetrics and Evaluation) mengungkapkan bahwa ada tren yang menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatanmental menjadi ancaman serius. Studi mengenai jumlah tahun yang hilang akibat disabilitas (YLD)menyebutkan bahwa 6 dari 20 penyakit yang paling bertanggung jawab menyebabkan disabilitasadalah penyakit mental. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prevalensigangguan mental dalam skup global dan nasional dengan cara meninjau beberapa riset epidemiologisyang berfokus pada gangguan mental. Selain itu, artikel ini akan membahas mengenai isu-isu pentingyang merupakan tantangan bagi pelayanan kesehatan mental di Indonesia yang harus ditanggapi seriusoleh penyedia layanan kesehatan mental dan pembuat kebijakan, yaitu kesenjangan perawatan danstigma.Kata kunci: Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental, Prevalensi Global dan Nasional, Kesenjangan

scholarly journals Undergraduate Education in Psychiatry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Roy Abraham Kallivayalil ◽  
Arun Enara
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Treatment Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Education In India

AbstractMedical education curricula, from around the world, have often neglected psychiatry as a subject of importance in undergraduate medical training.In India, the scenario has not been different from the rest of the world. The National Mental Health Survey done in India, recently, estimates a treatment gap of around 80–85% for various mental illnesses. This provides a strong case to strengthen the undergraduate psychiatry curricula since it would help tackle the treatment gap of common mental disorders in the community.Further, a strong educational foundation with meaningful inclusion of mental health and well-being, will also make the trainee aware of their own mental well-being and better help seeking behaviour in the medical student. In this article, we look to review the evolution of undergraduate medical education in India.

Economics and Mental Health: an International Perspective

2011 ◽  
pp. 231-256
Author(s):  
Richard G. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Health Care Rationing

This article notes that problems of incomplete information are particularly salient in the context of mental health. It considers how different nations address economics and mental health in the formulation of mental health policy. It focuses on three key economic phenomena that are central to understanding the allocation of resources to the treatment of mental disorders. These are externalities, methods for efficient rationing of health resources, and incentives for allocating funds across different types of mental health services. This article provides some background on mental disorders and organization of mental health care in different OECD countries. It considers determination of mental health spending as part of health care rationing schemes in various nations. It discusses the role of government and how each country aligns its financing arrangements with stated policy goals of reducing reliance on institutional care for people with mental illnesses. Finally, it offers some concluding observations on mental health policy.

scholarly journals The South African Society of Psychiatrists (SASOP) and SASOP State Employed Special Interest Group (SESIG) position statements on psychiatric care in the public sector

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Janse van Rensburg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Mental Health ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p><strong>Executive summary.</strong> National mental health policy: SASOP extends its support for the process of formalising a national mental health policy as well as for the principles and content of the current draft policy.</p><p><strong> Psychiatry and mental health:</strong> psychiatrists should play a central role, along with the other mental health disciplines, in the strategic and operational planning of mental health services at local, provincial and national level.</p><p><strong>Infrastructure and human resources:</strong> it is essential that the state takes up its responsibility to provide adequate structures, systems and funds for the specified services and facilities on national, provincial and facility level, as a matter of urgency.</p><p><strong>Standard treatment guidelines (STGs) and essential drug lists (EDLs)</strong>: close collaboration and co-ordination should occur between the processes of establishing SASOP and national treatment guidelines, as well as the related decisions on EDLs for different levels.</p><p><strong>HIV/AIDS in children:</strong> national HIV programmes have to promote awareness of the neurocognitive problems and psychiatric morbidity associated with HIV in children.</p><p><strong>HIV/AIDS in adults:</strong> the need for routine screening of all HIV-positive individuals for mental health and cognitive impairments should also be emphasised as many adult patients have a mental illness, either before or as a consequence of HIV infection, constituting a ‘special needs’ group.</p><p><strong> Substance abuse and addiction:</strong> the adequate diagnosis and management of related substance abuse and addiction problems should fall within the domain of the health sector and, in particular, that of mental health and psychiatry.</p><p><strong>Community psychiatry and referral levels:</strong> the rendering of ambulatory specialist psychiatric services on a community-centred basis should be regarded as a key strategy to make these services more accessible to users closer to where they live.</p><p><strong>Recovery and re-integration:</strong> a recovery framework such that personal recovery outcomes, among others, become the universal goals by which we measure service provision, should be adopted as soon as possible.</p><p><strong> Culture, mental health and psychiatry:</strong> culture, religion and spirituality should be considered in the current approach to the local practice and training of specialist psychiatry, within the professional and ethical scope of the discipline.</p><p><strong> Forensic psychiatry:</strong> an important and significant field within the scope of state-employed psychiatrists, with 3 recognised groups of patients (persons referred for forensic psychiatric observation, state patients, and mentally ill prisoners), each with specific needs, problems and possible solutions.</p><p><strong> Security in psychiatric hospitals and units:</strong> it is necessary to protect public sector mental healthcare practitioners from assault and injury as a result of performing their clinical duties by, among others, ensuring that adequate security procedures are implemented, appropriate for the level of care required, and that appointed security staff members are appropriately trained and equipped.</p>

scholarly journals No More “Us” and “Them”: Integrating Recovery and Well-Being into a Conceptual Model for Mental Health Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Mulvale ◽  
Mary Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
History Of

To set the stage for this special edition on Responses to the Mental Health Strategy for Canada: Canadian and International Perspectives on Mobilizing Change, we discuss the role of ideas in the public policy literature and the influence of key ideas over the history of mental health policy. Drawing on academic and policy literature and feedback from a convenience sample of mental health policy makers, we integrate the concepts of recovery and well-being into a conceptual model that can be used by policy makers as a tool to realize the transformative ideas captured in the Mental Health Strategy for Canada.

Policy challenges

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia A. Huppert ◽  
Kai Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Mental Well Being

Taking a whole-population perspective, the chapter argues that improved well-being is the most important outcome of policy. Despite growing awareness of its importance, accepting the primacy of well-being has been a challenge within public mental health because there has been no uniform definition or measure, nor consensus on how to apply such a subjective concept across diverse populations. Confusion created by using terms such as happiness, or the continuing tendency to equate mental well-being with lack of mental illness, have created barriers to gaining widespread agreement on the importance of well-being in policy. In this chapter, historical approaches to defining well-being, issues of measurement, and evidence underpinning well-being interventions are explored. The chapter closes with a proposal on how best to consider well-being as an outcome, making use of the evidence in driving public mental health policy.

Prevention and Mental Health Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-176
Author(s):  
Paul Cairney ◽  
Emily St Denny
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Preventive Mental Health ◽  
Relative Neglect ◽  
Policy Agendas

In health and public health policy in general, the conditions to support prevention policy are not yet apparent. Attention is low or fleeting, ambiguity is high, and debates on the meaning and application of prevention policies are wide. A supportive policymaking environment, producing regular windows of opportunity for specific policy changes, is difficult to identify. Such problems are accentuated when prevention and public health meet mental health. Recently, there have been meaningful calls for greater attention and resources to mental health policy, to pursue ‘parity’ between mental and physical health, and to stress the need for ‘public mental health’ to play a larger part in the public health agenda. However, this agenda remains in its infancy following decades of relative neglect, low public and policymaker attention, and uncertainty about what public mental health means (beyond the vague aim to promote mental well-being and prevent mental illness). At the same time, other policy agendas may undermine these fragile developments, such as when employment policy reforms affect the ability of people with mental ill health to receive social security benefits. In that context, we show that a firm and sincere commitment to public health and mental health is not enough to guarantee the success of preventive mental health initiatives.

scholarly journals The importance of psychiatry in public mental health

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Mehta ◽  
Sally C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World

SummaryThere is a lack of consensus over fundamental issues in public mental health in England. A move away from poorly evidenced ‘well-being’ policy approaches is needed. The authors have developed a more inclusive model using the World Health Organization's approach to public mental health. Public mental health policy makers must acknowledge the importance of psychiatry within the field.

The Mental Health and Well-Being of Canadian Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Women Abused by Intimate Partners

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1574-1597
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Tutty ◽  
H. Lorraine Radtke ◽  
Wilfreda E. (Billie) Thurston ◽  
Kendra L. Nixon ◽  
E. Jane Ursel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Ptsd Checklist ◽  
Health And Well Being

Intimate partner violence (IPV), mental health, disabilities, and child abuse history were examined for 292 Indigenous compared with 295 non-Indigenous Canadian women. IPV was assessed by the Composite Abuse Scale and mental health by the Symptom Checklist-10, Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression 10, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist, and Quality of Life Questionnaire. Scores did not differ nor were they in the clinical ranges for the two groups. In a MANCOVA on the mental health/well-being scales, with IPV severity as a covariate, only disability was significantly associated with more severe mental health symptoms. Suggestions for service providers are presented.

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