scholarly journals Big Business and Cadre Management in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-76
Author(s):  
Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard ◽  
Kasper Ingeman Beck
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Executive Leadership ◽  
Career Pathways ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Party Government ◽  
Political World ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Iron Triangle ◽  
Leading Cadres

Leading cadres in China are subject to rotation. An interesting form of rotation takes place between big business and the political world. That means one fifth of China’s governors and vice governors have a business background as heads of one of China’s large State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). How this takes place and which qualifications the involved business leaders possess are shrouded in mystery. Based on prosopographical studies of Chinese business leaders who have participated in the Chinese Executive Leadership Program (CELP), this article attempts to open the black box. The study examines the career pathways of CELP participants in Party, government and business positions. The study shows that 84 of the 261 CELP SOE participants (2005-2018) were subsequently promoted, and 20 of these promotions were from SOEs to leading Party and government positions. In some cases, former business leaders became Party secretaries in important provinces or ministers in key ministries. The article also argues that Chinese business leaders have managed to keep their administrative ranking in the Chinese nomenklatura system. In fact, Chinese business leaders are quasi officials (zhun guan) and form an important recruitment base for leadership renewal. As such, the article suggests that the rotation of cadres within the ‘Iron Triangle’ of Party–government–business constitutes the main unifying and stabilising factor in the Chinese political system.

Images of Government, Business, and Citizen Identity in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-123
Author(s):  
GILL STEEL
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis paper presents a country profile of the United States using data from the AsiaBarometer (2008) survey. I first examine how citizens see themselves, their government and big business. My findings show that Americans remain ambivalent toward politics, their government, and big business. Citizens overwhelmingly support democracy as a political system and are satisfied with a broad range of specific democratic rights, but, at the same time, they complain about the workings of their democratic system, policy output, and many distrust government and big business. I then examine the role citizens play in politics, analyzing who participates and why.

EYE ON CHINA

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Scientific Corporation ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Business In China ◽  
New Research

Hepalink signs agreement to acquire Scientific Protein Laboratories. Yasheng Group joint venture with IBC International LLC to form Angel Star Nutrition LLC. Zynex signs distribution agreement for China market. Tao Li of China Green Agriculture, receives the honor of “Future Chinese Business Leaders”. Yingli Green Energy enters joint venture with Datong Coal Mine Group. Elekta wins public tender to deliver cancer care solutions to China. Stellar Biotechnologies Announces Collaboration with Amaran Biotechnology, Inc. TaiGen Biotechnology signed exclusive license agreement with R-Pharm for nemonoxacin (Taigexyn). Eddingpharm acquires global rights to oncology assets, including Telatinib, from ACT Biotech. BioLineRx and JHL Biotech to collaborate on Type 1 diabetes antibody treatment. Bayer and Peking University establish new research center for translational research and drug discovery in Beijing. Microport Scientific Corporation and Sorin Group sign joint venture agreement for cardiac rhythm management business in China. Epigenomics signs licensing and supply agreement with Kindstar for Epi proLung in China. Abcam to open office in Shanghai, China.

Types of Primary and Party Responsibility

1965 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Ralph Telford
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Government School ◽  
Party Government ◽  
Party Members ◽  
American Party ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Responsible Party

A chief criticism of the American party system is the lack of party responsibility. In the view of some students, one characteristic of our political system that contributes to this irresponsibility is the practice in some states of allowing individuals to vote in primaries without regard to their partisan allegiances. In such an open primary Republicans may, if they wish, vote in the Democratic primary, and vice versa. The contrasting, and more common, practice is the closed primary, in which participation is restricted to party “members.” Some political scientists think that the closed primary, by subjecting legislators to the presumed discipline of periodic scrutiny by their party's members, induces a greater measure of party regularity than the open primary, in which the official has to satisfy a more motley clientele. This position was taken in the best-known statement of the “party government” school, the 1950 report of the APS A Committee on Political Parties:The closed primary deserves preference because it is more readily compatible with the development of a responsible party system…. on the other hand, the open primary tends to destroy the concept of membership as the basis of party organization.Other political scientists have expressed doubts about this presumed relationship between primaries and party responsibility, but there has been no systematic empirical evidence on the point. This paper will examine the relationship between primaries and party responsibility by comparing the party regularity of senators from open primary and closed primary states.

scholarly journals Corporate Ethics: China vs. USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng S. Chan ◽  
Dennis Pollard ◽  
Shirley Chuo
Keyword(s):  
Business Leaders ◽  
Corporate Ethics ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Major Argument ◽  
Business Exchange

Fairness is one of the basic aspects of business exchange. Ethics are principles used to establish fairness. This study will look at background and origins for different American and Chinese ethical beliefs. It is important for U.S. and Chinese firms to understand each others cultural perspectives, especially as the Chinese market opens up. Methods to resolve ethical conflict will be reviewed. Business agents from both cultures can relate and deal with each other if they have the knowledge, skills, and patience to do so. This study builds on prior research that suggests that younger Chinese are more concerned with profit than with abiding by regulations or adhering to corporate ethics. The major argument of this study is that future Chinese business leaders, born after Chinas one-child policy was implemented in 1979, will be primarily concerned with self-interest and making decisions that will benefit them individually. Guanxi (interpersonal connections or human relationships), corporate ethics and social responsibility (CESR) beliefs will be reduced in importance and influence. American managers should incorporate this information when formulating a China strategy.

scholarly journals From 17th to 18th Party Congress: Implications for Intra-Party Democracy

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Gang
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Party Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
Party Congress ◽  
18Th Party Congress

Growing intra-party pluralism and intensified factional rivalry have pressured the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to adjust the authoritarian official-selection system by resorting to an 'intra-Party democracy' mechanism based on informal polls among influential party officials and retirees. The progress, albeit slow and opaque since the 17th Party Congress in 2007, is increasingly seen as the CPC's only solution to intensified factional rivalry at various levels and the decline of legitimacy associated with the corrupt and inept officialdom. With backroom straw polls setting new norms for the CPC to settle factional infighting over power transfer at the 18th Party Congress, this intra-party democracy procedure has been gradually routinized at both the central and local levels to make the appointment process more consultative and to fend off democratic outcries from the public. In the past few years, cautious but substantial experiments with contested polls have been introduced by CPC's organizational departments to the monolithic political system, in which key party/government officials are facing increasingly competitive voting tests before they can be promoted to higher levels.

“Marx and Political Theory”

1968 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Pranger
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Political System ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legitimate Authority ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political World ◽  
The Will

This is a political world of power and competition for power, together with, hopefully, the legitimate authority that goes with such power; a world where ability to dominate the will of others is prized either in itself or for other ends. Politics is associated with the quest for power, as an end or means. It is not surprising, therefore, that in looking at those thinkers in the past who have focused on human relationships and organized associations, commentators should be facinated with how they looked at domination, and also, secondarily, how they viewed freedom from such domination (for example, the limits of power). In the measure that these thinkers dealt with politics, one might say, they concerned themselves with power, authority, leadership, and, coincidentally, with freedom. put another way, what is typically “political” about their views about the “political system”; that is, how they looked at the process whereby valued goods are allocated authoritatively. This “system” includes formal, publlic institutional arrangements, such as the “State”, and processes within these institutions, such as “conflict” and“conciliation”.

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