EYE ON CHINA

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Scientific Corporation ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Business In China ◽  
New Research

Hepalink signs agreement to acquire Scientific Protein Laboratories. Yasheng Group joint venture with IBC International LLC to form Angel Star Nutrition LLC. Zynex signs distribution agreement for China market. Tao Li of China Green Agriculture, receives the honor of “Future Chinese Business Leaders”. Yingli Green Energy enters joint venture with Datong Coal Mine Group. Elekta wins public tender to deliver cancer care solutions to China. Stellar Biotechnologies Announces Collaboration with Amaran Biotechnology, Inc. TaiGen Biotechnology signed exclusive license agreement with R-Pharm for nemonoxacin (Taigexyn). Eddingpharm acquires global rights to oncology assets, including Telatinib, from ACT Biotech. BioLineRx and JHL Biotech to collaborate on Type 1 diabetes antibody treatment. Bayer and Peking University establish new research center for translational research and drug discovery in Beijing. Microport Scientific Corporation and Sorin Group sign joint venture agreement for cardiac rhythm management business in China. Epigenomics signs licensing and supply agreement with Kindstar for Epi proLung in China. Abcam to open office in Shanghai, China.

The Power of Money: Chinese Investments and Financialization in an Asian Hinterland

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422110200
Author(s):  
Hasan H. Karrar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
North Pakistan ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
Implicit Power ◽  
Local Leaders

In February 2002, a Chinese State-Owned Enterprise (SOE), Sinotrans Xinjiang, partnered with a local Pakistani collective, the Silk Route Dry Port Trust, to finance and operate a dry port in mountainous north Pakistan. Given minimal overland trade between China and Pakistan, this was an unlikely place for investment by a subsidiary of one of China’s largest SOEs. Individuals who commanded extensive social networks and possessed local knowledge were instrumental in brokering the joint venture. Brokers both Chinese and Pakistani leveraged the implicit power of money to create a new institution, the dry port joint venture, that helped normalize the presence and operations of Chinese business leaders in north Pakistan. The joint venture also enabled Pakistani strongmen to exert their control over local land and draw funds from a public bank, activities that ultimately undermined the joint venture itself. This episode is more than just a cautionary tale of an unsuccessful joint venture between a Chinese SOE and local partners. The episode highlights how, in an epoch of transnational financialization, money empowered local leaders, public officials, and official organizations to engage in and indeed benefit from loss-making activities that combine both regular and irregular processes.

Chinese Business Practice in the Late Imperial Period

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Zelin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Business In China ◽  
The Impact

The rapid development of the Chinese economy over the past several decades has stimulated new interest in the institutions, practices, and social formations that supported the development of business in China before the intensification of pressure from Western traders to conform to “modern” practices in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article aims to provide a foundation for understanding merchant practice as it developed during the important years of market expansion during the last Chinese dynasty and to dispel some of the enduring myths about the Chinese merchant, his relationship to family, community, and the state, and the ideological constraints on his activities. To that end I examine several aspects of late imperial merchant culture, beginning with the everyday practices that allowed business to flourish in the Qing, turning next to the large social formations through which long-distance merchants in particular identified and pursued their interests, and ending with some preliminary thoughts on the impact of the laissez-faire policies of the last dynasty and their implications for post-Imperial China.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Escape from Cyclotriazadisulfonamide-Induced CD4-Targeted Entry Inhibition Is Associated with Increased Neutralizing Antibody Susceptibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (18) ◽  
pp. 9577-9583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Vermeire ◽  
Kristel Van Laethem ◽  
Wouter Janssens ◽  
Thomas W. Bell ◽  
Dominique Schols
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Continuous specific downmodulation of CD4 receptor expression in T lymphocytes by the small molecule cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) selected for the CADA-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) NL4.3 virus containing unique mutations in the C4 and V5 regions of gp120, likely stabilizing the CD4-binding conformation. The amino acid changes in Env were associated with decreased susceptibility to anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody treatment of the cells and with higher susceptibility of the virus to soluble CD4. In addition, the acquired ability of a CADA-resistant virus to infect cells with low CD4 expression was associated with an increased susceptibility of the virus to neutralizing antibodies from sera of several HIV-1-infected patients.

scholarly journals Corporate Ethics: China vs. USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng S. Chan ◽  
Dennis Pollard ◽  
Shirley Chuo
Keyword(s):  
Business Leaders ◽  
Corporate Ethics ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Major Argument ◽  
Business Exchange

Fairness is one of the basic aspects of business exchange. Ethics are principles used to establish fairness. This study will look at background and origins for different American and Chinese ethical beliefs. It is important for U.S. and Chinese firms to understand each others cultural perspectives, especially as the Chinese market opens up. Methods to resolve ethical conflict will be reviewed. Business agents from both cultures can relate and deal with each other if they have the knowledge, skills, and patience to do so. This study builds on prior research that suggests that younger Chinese are more concerned with profit than with abiding by regulations or adhering to corporate ethics. The major argument of this study is that future Chinese business leaders, born after Chinas one-child policy was implemented in 1979, will be primarily concerned with self-interest and making decisions that will benefit them individually. Guanxi (interpersonal connections or human relationships), corporate ethics and social responsibility (CESR) beliefs will be reduced in importance and influence. American managers should incorporate this information when formulating a China strategy.

Moving Chinese-Focused Research Forward: Indigenous Theory and Family Business

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Garry D. Bruton ◽  
Naiheng Sheng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Business ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
The West ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Indigenous Theory ◽  
Business In China

Scholars tend to employ “universal” theories developed within the Western context, particularly the United States, when examining Chinese business phenomena. However, the applicability of such theories universally in the domain of family business in China is questionable. In order to address such Chinese context, we argue for the need to build indigenous theory. Specifically, we argue that three domains in family businesses in China represent such distinct differences from the West that such “universal” theories cannot explain them. We explore these three domains and, in turn, examine how to build indigenous theories in these scenarios. Specifically, we point out the need for abductive theory building to develop indigenous theory in China around the concerns of professionalization, harmony, and the role of government.

scholarly journals Remission of Type 1 Diabetes after Anti-CD3 Antibody Treatment and Transplantation of Embryonic Pancreatic Precursors

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (10) ◽  
pp. 4512-4520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Begum ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Kevan C. Herold ◽  
Virginia E. Papaioannou
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Antibody Treatment

scholarly journals Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Is More Difficult to Neutralize by Antibodies Than Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Christiane Silke Heilingloh ◽  
Christopher Lull ◽  
Elissa Kleiser ◽  
Mira Alt ◽  
Leonie Schipper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are a global health burden. Besides painful oral or genital lesions in otherwise healthy subjects, both viruses can cause devastating morbidity and mortality in immune-compromised and immune-immature individuals. The latter are particularly susceptible to a disseminated, life-threatening disease. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) constitute a correlate of protection from disease, and are promising candidates for the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of severe HSV infections. However, a clinical vaccine trial suggested that HSV-2 might be more resistant to NAbs than HSV-1. In the present study, we investigated the antiviral efficacy of the well-characterized humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) hu2c against HSV-2, in a NOD/SCID immunodeficiency mouse model. Despite the fact that hu2c recognizes a fully conserved epitope and binds HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoprotein B with equal affinity, it was much less effective against HSV-2 in vitro and in NOD/SCID mice. Although intravenous antibody treatment prolonged the survival of HSV-2-infected mice, complete protection from death was not achieved. Our data demonstrate that HSV-2 is more resistant to NAbs than HSV-1, even if the same antibody and antigen are concerned, making the development of a vaccine or therapeutic antibodies more challenging.

scholarly journals Review of the Combination Strategies Used in Anti-PD1/PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Jiaxing Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Death Receptor ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Programmed Death Ligand 1 ◽  
Combination Strategies ◽  
Therapy Strategy ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody Treatment ◽  
New Research

In recent years, the research achievements of immunotherapy were outstanding, especially in the field of cancer treatment. At present, the major breakthroughs have been made in the research of immunotherapy based on programmed death receptor 1 (programmed death 1, PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (programmed death-ligand 1, PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockage. The successful application of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mono clonal antibody in various clinical trials has showed its remarkable potential in caner immunotherapy. However, the results were not always satisfactory that treatment results often show large individual differences between patients, and it’s usually only a small part of patients would respond the treatment. Thus, combination therapy has become a new research focus in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockage-based therapy strategy development. This article will review the combination strategies of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs treatment and discuss the development and the trend of combination immunotherapy.

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