scholarly journals The United Kingdom Thyroid Multi-Disciplinary Team; a National Survey of Services and Comparison to Guidelines.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anya Selwyn ◽  
Jeremy Davis ◽  
Robert Hone
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Minimum Frequency ◽  
The Core ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Current Guidance ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Cancer Networks ◽  
Multi Disciplinary Team

Key Points: 1. We have identified ambiguity in the current guidance on thyroid MDT’s, and have also found nationwide variation in compliance with this. 2. We recommend: a. All surgeons undertaking thyroid surgery should complete a minimum of 20 thyroid procedures per year, and this should also form part of surgeons’ annual appraisal. b. All surgeons should contribute data to UKRETS (unless prevented by local legal frameworks) and this should form part of surgeons’ annual appraisal and be audited by individual MDT’s and regional cancer networks. c. Thyroid MDT’s should be held weekly where possible, with a minimum frequency of fortnightly. d. The core membership of a thyroid MDT (stand alone and joint) should include thyroid surgeons, specialist radiology, endocrinology, nuclear medicine, nurse specialists, histopathology +/- cytology and clinical oncology.

Creating Multiple Sites of Engagement for Music Learning

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Jonathan Savage
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Music Learning ◽  
The Core ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Meaningful Relationships ◽  
Mindful Teaching ◽  
Specific Technology

Music education exists in multiple spaces. Within formal approaches to music education in academic institutions, there has been an acknowledgment that more informal pedagogical approaches can be useful (as evidenced in the work of movements such as Musical Futures). However, constructive links between formal and informal contexts for music education remain difficult to navigate for many teachers. Within the United Kingdom, the newly defined roles for music education hubs have made some headway in recasting these relationships in a more productive direction. Similarly, social media has an important role to play in developing new relationships between key agencies within music education. Like any specific technology, there are positive affordances and more negative limitations to such approaches. People have a complex relationship with technology, but they are not gadgets! Lanier’s (2010) thesis argues strongly that recent cultural developments can deaden personal interaction, stifle genuine inventiveness, and change people. Within an educational setting, careful consideration needs to be given to the affordances and limitations of social media. For teachers and designers of learning spaces and opportunities, pedagogy should be underpinned by careful, mindful choices—including wise choices about the tools that teachers and students are using. It is about a focus on the core, asking: What is the key learning that this music lesson is facilitating? Is this tool the best one for the job? Does this tool or approach allow one to teach music musically? Done skillfully and conscientiously, social media can help develop collaborative approaches to music education that provide teachers with pedagogical strength and security. They result in mindful teaching and mindful learning that will last a lifetime. They can also help teachers develop meaningful relationships with students that help them make sense of their musical experiences in whatever context they have emerged through: a truly, “joined-up” approach to music education with the student at the core.

scholarly journals Analysing the Onus Issue in Dismissals Emanating from the Enforcement of Unilateral Changes to Conditions of Employment

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Riaz Ismail ◽  
Clarence Itumeleng Tshoose
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Appeal Court ◽  
The Core ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Mutual Interest ◽  
Core Section ◽  
The Right ◽  
Conditions Of Employment

The main objective of this article is to analyse the issue of onus emanating from the enforcement of unilateral changes to conditions of employment. At the heart of the controversy that has faced the Labour Appeal Court was how to interpret dismissals that appear to be based on operational requirements, and yet at the same time, such dismissals also appear to have the effect of compelling an employee to accept a demand in respect of a matter of mutual interest between the employer and the employee. The core section in the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 relating to disputes of this nature is section 187(1)(c) of the Act, and the central enquiry to such disputes is whether they are automatically unfair or operationally justifiable. The fine line that determines whether a dismissal is acceptable or not merits an analysis of the overall onus that faces an employer and employee. This analysis is the focus of the article, which deals predominantly with procedural issues. The issue relating to the promotion of collective bargaining will be assessed against the right to dismiss, based on an analysis of the situation in South Africa, and a brief comparison with the situations in the United Kingdom and Canada. Thereafter, recommendations are made to the South African legislature.

scholarly journals [Jurisprudential Vocabulary Constitute Imams] Asbabul Mufradat al-Fiqhiyyah inda ai’matan al-Mazahib

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Ahmed Maqbul Mar'i Umar Ahmed ◽  
Hasanuldin Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Adequate Explanation ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
The Core ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Valid Evidence

Many followers do not understand the disagreement and differences in opinion amongst Islamic jurists. Adequate explanation regarding the various motives for jurisprudential vocabulary by Imams of the schools of Islamic jurisprudence could provide followers with useful information. This study aims to provide detailed explanation about the rationale behind jurisprudential vocabulary in order to increase understanding of religion. The study focuses on religious texts and how to deal with issues whose rules are not established. The researcher used inductive and comparative methods to gather and analyze these motives. One of the most important findings of this study is that the motives for jurisprudential vocabulary constitute a collection of processes involved in every disagreement amongst the scholars. These motives can be summed up into several key points: First, regarding the narration and knowledge about the texts; second, pertaining to the competence in terms of understanding and knowledge of its requirements; third, regarding what it does or does not incorporate of issues whose rules are not established; and fourth: a person working on Ijtihad (juristic deduction) must strive to produce valid evidence, and such person is excused for any mistake and rewarded for Ijtihad. A situation whereby the person who has not been informed of the Hadith or considers it inaccurate in a ruling and based the jurisprudence on a Shar'ia evidence is considered closest to the truth. This is because realizing the truth in all rulings is impossible. The differences in opinion amongst the scholars are neither on the basics of religion nor at the core of Shariah, but only differences in the understanding of certain religious texts and their application.   Keywords: Jurisprudence Vocabulary, Motives, Imams of Islamic Jurisprudence   إن المتتبع لما انفرد به الأئمة بعضهم عن بعض، يجد هناك عدة الأسباب تسوغ إليه، والذي يدفع إلى هذا البحث رجاء أن يفيء ببيان حاجات العصر الاجتماعية، وفهم أسباب المفردات الفقهية، وتظهر المشكلة في أن هناك من لا يغهم الخلاف بين الفقهاء ولا يعرف الأسباب التي جعلتهم يختلفون في أراءهم والانفراد ببعض الأقوال عن بعض فكانت هذه الأسباب بمثابة التهميد الكاشف الذي سيسهم في فهم ما من الأاسباب يرد إليها المفردات الفقهية، وبدونها لا يمكن أن يتم الإلمام بها، ويهدف البحث إلى سبر غور تلك الأسباب التي تعود في  جملتها المسائل  الفقهية، وكفية الإحاطة بالنصوص، وفهمها، وبيان كفية التعامل مع المسائل التي لا نص فيها وإسنادها بالأدلة التي لا يمكن أن تخرج عنها، ويستخدم الباحث في هذا المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج المقارن لجمع هذه ألاسباب ودراستها، وتوصل الباحث إلى نتائج من أهمها أن أسباب المفردات تشكل إن أساب المفردات أن نشكل في الجملة رؤوس الضوابط التي ما من خلاف إلا ويرد إليها ولا يخرج عنها في الغالب، ويمكن أن تتلخص أسباب المفردات بعد تمحيصها إلى عدة نقاط ريسية، أولا: حول الرواية من حيث الاطلاع والعلم بالنصوص، وثانيا: حول الدراية من جهة فهمها ومعرفة مقتضياتها، وثالثا: حول ما يرجع إليها أو ما لا يخرج عنها مما لا نص فيه: ورابعا: عا=لى المجتهد أن بيذل غاية ما في وسعه فيما اجتهاد، وترجيح الراجح من الأدلة فيما فيه دليل، والمخطئ في ذلك السبيل معذور، بل مأجور لاجتهاده فيه، يحرج من العهدة ويسلم من الحرج،ومن لم يبلغه الحديث أو لم يصح عنده في حكم ما، واستند في جتهاده إلى دليل شرعي يراه الأقرب إلى الصواب فقد عمل مستطاعه في ذلك، لأن إدارك الصواب في جميع الأحكام أمر متعذر، أو متعسر، الاختلاف الحاصل بين الفقهاء يكن في ذات الدين، ولا في لب الشريعة، ولكنه اختلاف في فهم بعض نصوصها وفي تطبيق كلياتها على الفروع حيث لا دليل حاسم.   كلمات ريسية: المفردات الفقهية، أسباب، أئمة المذاهب الفقهية  

Lanthanum Staining of Neurotubules in Axons from Cockroach Ganglia

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-231
Author(s):  
NANCY J. LANE ◽  
J. E. TREHERNE
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Lanthanum Hydroxide ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The Core ◽  
Soluble Ions ◽  
Water Soluble Ions ◽  
Form Part

The axoplasm of the neurons of Periplaneta americana contains numerous neurotubules which are morphologically similar to the microtubules found in non-nervous tissues after sectioning or negative staining. In cross-sections of fixed material such tubules usually appear as electron-dense circles containing a less dense core and surrounded by a non-opaque ‘clear zone’. However, when cockroach ganglia are fixed and incubated in lanthanum hydroxide, the lanthanum is taken up intracellularly by the axoplasm of certain of the neurons and in these is found to stain the entire core of the neurotubules, as well as the clear zone. At least part of the wall of the tubules remains unstained and appears as a ring of non-opaque subunits against an electron-dense, lanthanum-stained background. Since lanthanum staining, under the conditions used here, is sometimes considered to demonstrate the presence of acid muco-polysaccharides, its uptake by the neurotubules may indicate that they contain carbohydrate as well as the protein that is generally considered to form part of the microtubular wall. Alternatively, the lanthanum could indicate the location of other anionic molecules, possibly undergoing extra- or intratubular translocation. The extent to which neurotubules could mediate movements of relatively small water-soluble ions and molecules is considered in relation to their diffusion through the polyanion matrix represented by the core of the tubules.

Key points for supporting and accompanying women victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itziar Gandarias Goikoetxea ◽  
Oihane Urrutikoetxea Lekanda ◽  
Miguel Ángel Navarro Lashayas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core ◽  
Key Points

Trafficking for sexual exploitation is a complex, highly changeable phenomenon that needs to be tackled on a multi-faceted, inter-disciplinary basis by different social actors including social organisations, police forces and public institutions, because it entails not just gender violence but also a web of other serious breaches of human rights. This briefing on “Key points for supporting and accompanying women victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation” seeks to provide guidelines for specialists at social organisations and for technical staff at public administrations and institutions who work to prevent, deal with and care for victims. It begins by giving an outline of the characteristics of women classed as victims of trafficking dealt with in the Historical Territory of Bizkaia between 2015 and 2017. It goes on to describe the gaps and needs detected among specialists at social organisations. Finally, it provides recommendations that highlight the importance of making the needs of women the core concern, avoiding re-victimisation and enhancing coordination and networking between social organisations and the public institutions involved.

The Population of Ireland

1960 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-68
Author(s):  
W. A. Honohan
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Striking Contrast

1. In the year 1800, when the Parliaments of Great Britain and Ireland were fused by the Act of Union establishing the United Kingdom, the population of Ireland was of the order of 5 millions. By 1821 the figure had risen to 6·8 millions and in 1841 it was 8·2 millions. During the following decade the population fell by 1-6 millions to 6·6 millions. By the year 1861 it was only 5·8 millions and thereafter it continued to decline steadily, though not with such rapidity, until in 1911 a figure of 4·4 millions was reached. Owing to the disturbed state of the country in 1921, the next census was not taken until 1926, after the political change in 1922 when twenty-six of the thirty-two counties into which the country was divided were established as a separate political entity, the Irish Free State (later to become a Republic), while the remaining six were constituted as Northern Ireland and continued to form part of the United Kingdom. The population of the whole island in 1926 and again in 1951 was 4·3 millions, that is to say, it differed only slightly in 1951 from what it was forty years earlier in 1911—see Table 1. The population of Ireland has, therefore, remained virtually stationary at about 4¼ millions for almost half a century. The trend of Irish population since 1841 is in striking contrast with the trend in England and Wales for, whereas in 1841 the population of Ireland was more than one-half of that in England and Wales, today it is less than one-tenth; the Irish population has almost halved while that of England and Wales has almost trebled.

scholarly journals Operation of the Harwell UK 14C Data Base and its Expansion Through Data Exchange with Other Laboratories

Radiocarbon ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Walker ◽  
R L Otlet ◽  
R A Housley ◽  
Johannes van der Plicht
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
The Core ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Keyboard Typing ◽  
The Uk

The use of computer data bases for storage and retrieval of 14C data is a logical application for the rapidly expanding numbers of 14C determinations. Harwell has established a data base for all samples originating from sites in the United Kingdom and Eire. The core of the data is the Council for British Archaeology's published Index of Radiocarbon Dates which we are expanding to include all Harwell UK dates released for publication by the submitters plus dates from other laboratories both within and outside the UK. As a demonstration of the feasibility of direct database-to-database communication, cooperation has been sought from Groningen and Oxford to transfer computer files containing 14C results for UK sites. Neither of these laboratories use the same system as Harwell for their in-house data base and this exercise highlights the importance of a transfer language for both the national and international schemes as it is no longer practical to carry out such procedures through keyboard typing.

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