scholarly journals Development of allergic rhinitis in early life: A prospective cohort study in high-risk infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawako Masuda ◽  
Mizuho Nagao ◽  
Satoko Usui ◽  
Kazutaka Nogami ◽  
Yuji Tohda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Nasal Secretions ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
High Risk Cohort

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common allergic disease in children and is closely associated with asthma in the context of atopic march. The development process of AR in early childhood, however, is not well understood due to the absence of definitive diagnostic criteria. We prospectively investigated the process in regard to not only the nasal symptoms and sensitization, but also the nasal cytology, in relation to asthma in a high-risk cohort. Methods: Infants under 2 years of age with atopic dermatitis (AD) and/or food allergy (FA) without a diagnosis of asthma were recruited and followed prospectively for 2 years. The phenotype of perennial AR was classified based on the presence/absence of 1) persistent nasal symptoms, 2) nasal eosinophils and 3) HDM sensitization, the most common allergen for perennial AR in Japan. AR-like phenotypes were defined as positive for at least 2 of those 3 categories. Results: A total of 304 children were enrolled, and 242 subjects (80%) completed the 2-year observation. The prevalence of eosinophilia in nasal secretions increased from 18.5% to 69.9%, while HDM-specific IgE >0.35 kUA/L increased from 30.6% to 74.8%. AR-like phenotypes increased from 18.4% to 65.0%. The cumulative incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma during the 2-year follow-up was significantly higher in the subjects with an AR-like phenotype at 1 year than in those with a non-AR phenotypes. Conclusions: The prevalence of an HDM-related AR-like phenotype was markedly increased during infancy in high-risk infants with AD/FA and was associated with asthma.

scholarly journals Transoral Endoscopic Adenoidectomy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr El-Badrawy ◽  
Mosaad Abdel-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Nasal Allergy ◽  
Nasal Endoscope ◽  
Experienced Surgeon ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Long Time ◽  
One Year ◽  
Telephone Questionnaire

Objective. Adenoid curette guided by an indirect transoral mirror and a headlight is a simple and quick procedure that has already been in use for a long time, but this method carries a high risk of recurrence unless done by a well-experienced surgeon. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy of transoral endoscopic adenoidectomy in relieving the obstructive nasal symptoms.Methods. 300 children underwent transoral endoscopic adenoidectomy using the classic adenoid curette and St Claire Thomson forceps with a Hopkins 4-mm nasal endoscope introduced through the mouth and the view was projected on a monitor. Telephone questionnaire was used to follow-up the children for one year. Flexible nasopharyngoscopy was carried out for children with recurrent obstructive nasal symptoms to detect adenoid rehypertrophy.Results. No cases presented with postoperative complications. Only one case developed recurrent obstructive nasal symptoms due to adenoid regrowth and investigations showed that he had nasal allergy which may be the cause of recurrence.Conclusion. Transoral endoscopic adenoidectomy is the recent advancement of classic curettage adenoidectomy with direct vision of the nasopharynx that enables the surgeon to avoid injury of important structures as Eustachian tube orifices, and also it gives him the chance to completely remove the adenoidal tissues.

Auditory Brainstem Responses and Clinical Follow-up of High-Risk Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Steven J. Kramer ◽  
Dianne R. Vertes ◽  
Marie Condon
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Infant Program ◽  
High Risk Infants

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) evaluations were performed on 667 high-risk infants from an infant special care unit. Of these infants, 82% passed the ABR. Those infants who failed the ABR were classified into two groups, those who failed at 30 dB hearing level and those who failed at 45 dB hearing level. All of the infants were encouraged to return for otologic/audiologic follow-up in 1, 3, or 6 months, depending on the initial ABR results. All of the infants with severe hearing impairments came from the group who failed at 45 dB hearing level. The incidence of severe sensorineural hearing impairment in this population was estimated to be 2.4%. For the group that failed at 30 dB hearing level, 80% of those who were abnormal at follow-up were considered to have conductive hearing disorders and 20% had mild sensorineural hearing impairments. In addition, infants enrolled in a parent-infant program for hearing impaired by 6 months of age were from the ABR program; however, several infants entered the parent-infant program at a relatively late age because they did not meet the high-risk criteria, they were from other hospitals, or they were not detected by the ABR program.

WHO IS LOST TO FOLLOW-UP?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. A38-A38
Author(s):  
Student
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Status ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

The belief that impaired infants are more likely to continue in follow-up is. . .not supported. The infant's developmental status significantly influenced loss to follow-up only between the 18-to 36-month time interval. Here, more babies in the dubious (vs abnormal) category withdrew. In general our findings suggest that environmental characteristics exert the major effect on dropout rates in high risk infants and their controls.

scholarly journals Hyeonggaeyeongyo-Tang for Treatment of Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis: A Prospective, Nonrandomized, Pre-Post Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Hee Kim ◽  
Jaewoong Son ◽  
Hae Jeong Nam ◽  
Seong-Gyu Ko ◽  
Inhwa Choi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Chronic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference

Hyeonggaeyeongyo-tang (HYT) is an ancient formula of oriental medicine traditionally used to treat rhinitis; however, clinical evidence has not yet been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term and long-term efficacy and safety of HYT for chronic rhinitis. Adult subjects with chronic rhinitis symptoms were recruited. The subjects received HYT for 4 weeks and had follow-up period of 8 weeks. Any medicines used to treat nasal symptoms were not permitted during the study. The skin prick test was performed to distinguish the subjects with allergic rhinitis from those with nonallergic rhinitis. After treatment, the total nasal symptoms score and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire score significantly improved in the whole subject group, in the allergic rhinitis group, and in the nonallergic rhinitis group, with no adverse events. This improvement lasted during a follow-up period of 8 weeks. Total IgE and eosinophil levels showed no significant difference after treatment in the allergic rhinitis group. HYT improved nasal symptoms and quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis. This is the first clinical study to evaluate the use of HYT to treat patients with rhinitis. This trial has been registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov IdentifierNCT02477293.

Implications of presenting to hospital with AF: the REVIEW AF study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Gallagher ◽  
C.X Wong ◽  
J.M Hendriks ◽  
J Bednarz ◽  
A.D Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Annual Mortality ◽  
High Risk Cohort

Abstract Background There is a growing burden of hospitalizations due to atrial fibrillation (AF). The implications of hospitalisation to the individual with AF has not been well characterized. Purpose To characterise the consequences of presenting to hospital with AF. Methods Individuals presenting to the emergency department (ED) of three hospitals in South Australia from March 2013 to February 2014 with a primary diagnosis of AF were enrolled. Based on coding and individual electronic medical record review all re-presentations over follow up were characterised as: 1) AF related; 2) cardiovascular related (excluding AF); or 3) all other causes. Mortality over follow up was also determined. Results The study cohort comprised of 437 individuals with an AF related index presentation. Mean age was 69±15 years and 49.9% were male. Individuals were followed for a mean of 3.7±0.4 years. There were 2304 unplanned presentations over follow up. The percentage of the study cohort who presented to the ED or were admitted to hospital over follow up is detailed in Figure 1. Compared to individuals who did not have a hospital admission for AF over follow up, those who were readmitted for AF were more likely to be hypertensive (63.2% vs 49.3%, p<0.001); and have a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (3.2±1.8 vs 2.7±1.9, p=0.002) and HAS-BLED score (2.0±1.0 vs 1.5±1.1, p<0.001). A total of 71 individuals (16.2%) died during the follow-up period (annual mortality rate of 3.78%). Conclusions A hospital presentation with a primary diagnosis of AF identifies individuals at high risk of repeat hospitalisations and death. Urgent studies are needed to improve management of this high-risk cohort. Figure 1. Repeat hospital presentations in AF Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

The cost of long-term follow-up of high-risk infants for research studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lex W Doyle ◽  
Luisa Clucas ◽  
Gehan Roberts ◽  
Noni Davis ◽  
Julianne Duff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Research Studies
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