scholarly journals Etiology and characteristics and of community-acquired pneumonia among children requiring bronchoalveolar lavage in North China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruihan Liu ◽  
Yuyan Zhang ◽  
Wenli Han ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
North China ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
Mucosal Erosion ◽  
Atypical Bacteria

Objective: To identify the pathogens and compare the clinical characteristics between different type pathogen infection among children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) requiring bronchoalveolar lavage. Study design: Children <14 years old hospitalized with CAP requiring bronchoalveolar lavage were enrolled between February 2019 to January 2020. Multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) were used for pathogen detection. The demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between different type pathogen infection groups. Results: Among 1166 children studied, ≥1 pathogen was detected in 1084 (93.0%) children and co-infection was detected in 215 (18.4%) children. Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and adenovirus were the most frequently detected pathogens. Children infected with atypical bacteria alone were older and more likely to display a fever, cough, decreased breath sounds, consolidation, single lobar infiltration, mucosal erosion and/or necrosis and plastic bronchitis. Children with virus-atypical bacteria co-infection were more prone to manifest fatigue, chest pain, tachypnea, chest indrawing, and mucosal erosion and/or necrosis. Those infected with virus alone or co-infected with ≥3 pathogens were liable to display changes in bronchial morphology. Conclusions: Pathogens were detected in 93.0% of enrolled children. M. pneumoniae infection might be the greatest pediatric disease burden due to CAP in North China. Keywords: Children; community-acquired pneumonia; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; etiology; co-infection.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients with CMV DNA detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Burgener ◽  
Jesse Waggoner ◽  
Benjamin A. Pinsky ◽  
Sharon F. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Dna Detection ◽  
Lavage Fluid

scholarly journals Evaluation of LBM415 (NVP PDF-713), a Novel Peptide Deformylase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 4128-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fonseca-Aten ◽  
Christine M. Salvatore ◽  
Asunción Mejías ◽  
Ana M. Ríos ◽  
Susana Chávez-Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Peptide Deformylase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia. We evaluated the efficacy of LBM415, a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor antimicrobial agent, for the treatment of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in a mouse model. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were intranasally inoculated once with 107 CFU of M. pneumoniae. Groups of mice were treated with LBM415 (50 mg/kg of body weight) or placebo subcutaneously daily for 13 days, starting 24 h after inoculation. Groups of mice were evaluated at the baseline; at days of treatment 1, 3, 6, and 13; and at 7 days after treatment. The MIC of LBM415 against M. pneumoniae was <0.005 μg/ml. LBM415-treated mice had significantly lower bronchoalveolar lavage fluid M. pneumoniae concentrations than placebo-treated mice on days 6 and 13 of treatment. Compared with placebo treatment, therapy with LBM415 significantly decreased lung histopathology scores at days 3, 6, and 13 of treatment and at 7 days after treatment. Airway obstruction was significantly lower in LBM415-treated mice than in placebo-treated mice on days 1, 3, and 6 of treatment and after 7 days of therapy, while airway hyperresponsiveness was significantly lower only on day 3 of therapy. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, KC (functional IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, monokine induced by IFN-γ, and IFN-inducible protein 10 were significantly reduced in LBM415-treated mice compared with the levels in placebo-treated mice. There were no differences in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 between the two groups of mice. LBM415 therapy had beneficial microbiologic, histologic, respiratory, and immunologic effects on acute murine M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Characterization of Cytokine Overproduction: A Case Report in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients With Hyperinflammation in Bronchoalveolar Lavage

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Chengliang Zhu ◽  
Zhihui Ruan ◽  
Xianghua Cui ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Shereen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Artificial Liver ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Late Treatment ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
High Level

Objectives: The longitudinal characterization and risk of poor outcomes related to cytokine overproduction in critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with hyperinflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage requires further investigation.Methods: We enrolled two critically ill patients with comorbidities diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detected by RT-PCR during hospitalization. Clinical characteristics, longitudinal immunological, and biochemical parameters of each critical COVID-19 case were collected.Main Results: The clinical characteristics and laboratory results of each case demonstrated critical symptoms of COVID-19 with poor outcomes. Both nasopharyngeal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Two patients received targeted treatments against pathogen infection and inflammation in addition to interventional therapies, except for Patient 2, who received an additional artificial liver system treatment. Hyperinflammation with a dominantly high level of IL-6 was observed in BALF samples from both critical cases with decreased T cell populations. High levels of cytokines and pathological parameters were successively maintained in Patient 1, but rapidly reduced at the late treatment stage in Patient 2. The outcome of Patient 1 is death, whereas the outcome of Patient 2 is recovery.Conclusions: This case report suggests that a high risk of poor outcomes was related to a heavily hyperinflammatory milieu in both the blood and lungs of critical COVID-19 patients. The artificial liver intervention on cytokines overproduction might be beneficial for the recovery of critical COVID-19 patients as a reliable therapy that can be coordinated with targeted treatments, which ought to be further tested in adequately designed and powered clinical trials.

scholarly journals Multiplex PCR of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in children enhances the rate of pathogen detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Tschiedel ◽  
Arkadius Goralski ◽  
Jörg Steinmann ◽  
Peter-Michael Rath ◽  
Margarete Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid

scholarly journals GM-CSF and HMGB1 level were associated with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of childhood refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianfu Cao ◽  
Haijiao Lin ◽  
Hongjun Yu ◽  
Yongji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Hmgb1 Level ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

Abstract Background: To analyze the relationship between granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) level in alveolar lavage fluid with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP), so as to provide reliable targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A total of 106 children diagnosed with MPP and prepared for bronchoalveolar lavage therapy were selected in this study, which were divided into 2 groups according to clinical diagnosis: those showing clinical and radiological deterioration despite appropriate antibiotic therapy for ≥7 days were classified into refractory MPP group (n=47), while the others were classified into non-refractory MPP group (n=59). The data of physical examination, treatment and outcome were collected. In addition, the GM-CSF and HMGB1 levels in alveolar lavage fluid during each bronchoalveolar lavage therapy were detected by ELISA kits. Results: There was no significant difference in age, sex, course of fever, the highest temperature, WBC, L, PLT, ALT, AST, CK-MB, D-D, CK, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 between refractory MMP group and non-refractory MMP group on admission (P＞0.05). The levels of N, CRP, PCT, and LDH in refractory MPP group were higher than those in non-refractory MPP group, the difference had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Both GM-CSF and HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with traditional indicators N, CRP, PCT and LDH (r=0.611-0.785, P<0.05). ROC analysis results showed that CRP, GM-CSF and HMGB1 had predictive value for refractory MPP attack (AUC=0.636, 0.657, 0.651, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed GM-CSF and HMGB1 were independent factors for refractory MPP (B＞1.0, P<0.05). ROC analysis results showed that GM-CSF and HMGB1 at 2nd bronchoalveolar lavage therapy had predictive value for long hospital stay (>28 d) and poor prognosis of refractory MPP (AUC=0.782-0.825, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The level of GM-CSF and HMGB1 in alveolar lavage fluid is closely related to the occurrence and development of refractory MPP, which can be used as an auxiliary indicator for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation, and has certain guiding significance for its clinical treatment.

scholarly journals The Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Detection of Pathogen in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Sputum Samples of Patients with Pulmonary Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wanghui Shi ◽  
Shanshan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Objective. To uncover the application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the detection of pathogen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sputum samples. Methods. Totally, 32 patients with pulmonary infection were included. Pathogens in BALF and sputum samples were tested simultaneously by routine microbial culture and mNGS. Main infected pathogens (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and their distribution in BALF and sputum samples were analyzed. Moreover, the diagnostic performance of mNGS in paired BALF and sputum samples was assessed. Results. The pathogen culture results were positive in 9 patients and negative in 13 patients. No statistical differences were recorded on the sensitivity (78.94% vs. 63.15%, p = 0.283 ) and specificity (62.50% vs. 75.00%, p = 0.375 ) of mNGS diagnosis in bacteria and fungus in two types of samples. As shown in mNGS detection, 10 patients’ two samples were both positive, 13 patients’ two samples were both negative, 7 patients were only positive in BALF samples, and 2 patients’ sputum samples were positive. Main viruses mNGS detected were EB virus, human adenovirus 5, herpes simplex virus type 1, and human cytomegalovirus. Kappa consensus analysis indicated that mNGS showed significant consistency in detecting pathogens in two samples, no matter bacteria ( p < 0.001 ), fungi ( p = 0.026 ), or viruses ( p = 0.008 ). Conclusion. mNGS showed no statistical differences in sensitivity and specificity of pathogen detection in BALF and sputum samples. Under certain conditions, sputum samples might be more suitable for pathogen detection because of invasiveness of BALF samples.

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