scholarly journals Influence of solar radiation to the temperature inside a three-layer partition in winter season

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Patrycja Antonik-Popiołek
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Winter Season

scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Plane Reflector Integrated Photovoltaic-Thermal Water Heating System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Sagar Naik ◽  
Arun Palatel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Present System ◽  
Exergetic Efficiency ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Electrical Output

A photovoltaic-thermal water heating system is a hybrid energy conversion device transforming the incident solar radiation to yield electrical energy and thermal energy. Plane reflectors are found to be a convenient option for enhancing the solar radiation incident on the collector plane. The present work investigates the performance of a photovoltaic-thermal water heater integrated with a plane reflector mounted on the top edge of the collector for the tropical climate of Calicut (11.25°N, 75.78°E). Performance testing of the system has been carried out for the winter season of the location. The variations in thermal and electrical output are studied for various inclination angles of the reflector. The system performance is evaluated on the basis of system energy efficiency and exergetic efficiency. It is observed that there is a significant enhancement in the thermal and electrical output of the system with the integration of the reflector as compared to the system without the reflector. For the present system, the reflector tilt angle in the range of 85–100° has been found to be suitable in terms of enhanced system output and exergetic efficiency for the winter conditions of Calicut.

scholarly journals Study on Radiation Interception and Use in Some Mustard Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
M. A. Awal ◽  
M. O. Gani
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

Aim: Solar radiation is the unique source of energy which drives the photosynthesis of green plants for producing biomass to living being. Use efficiency of solar radiation to produce biomass has been quantified for many crops in field condition but no study is undertaken for mustard although it is an important oil seed crop in the world as well as in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the radiation-use efficiency of mustard crop. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the Crop Botany Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the winter season extended from November 2011 to March 2012. Methodology: Treatments comprised six mustard varieties viz. BINAsarisha-3, BINAsarisha-4, BINAsarisha-5, BINAsarisha-6, BINAsarisha-7 and BINAsarisha-8 which were grown following standard cultivation techniques to optimize the growth and development. Radiation measurements along the growing season were carried out during solar noon on some sunny days with a Radiometer connected to a 1 m long Line Quantum Sensor. Results: Mustard varieties showed wide variation in terms of plant height, branch number, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter (DM) accumulation, yield components and yield and radiation interception and use. BINAsarisha-6 showed better performance on the aforesaid traits followed by BINAsarisha-7 while lower performance was observed in BINAsarisha-3 and BINAsarisha-4. The higher seed yield (2.41 t ha-1) was obtained in the BINAsarisha-6, the variety also showed higher radiation-use efficiency, RUE (3.75 g MJ-1 PAR) whereas the lower seed yield (about 2.1 t ha-1) was observed in the BINAsarisha-3 or BINAsarisha-4, the varieties also showed the lower RUE (<3 g MJ-1 PAR) which indicate that the higher accumulation of DM in BINAsarisha-6 variety as influenced by higher utilization of solar radiation effectively constitute the seed yield. The temporal RUE showed much fluctuated pattern in all the varieties and higher RUEs were observed at the later part of the crop growth. The variety BINAsarisha-6 also showed the higher seasonal mean RUE whereas BINAsarisha-4 showed the lower. Conclusion: Mustard varieties showed wide variation in growth, yield and radiation interception and use. Higher biomass production as well as higher seed yield is associated with higher utilization of solar radiation.

scholarly journals North Atlantic Oscillation response in GeoMIP experiments G6solar and G6sulfur: why detailed modelling is needed for understanding regional implications of solar radiation management

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1287-1304
Author(s):  
Andy Jones ◽  
Jim M. Haywood ◽  
Anthony C. Jones ◽  
Simone Tilmes ◽  
Ben Kravitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Detailed Modelling ◽  
Radiation Management

Abstract. The realization of the difficulty of limiting global-mean temperatures to within 1.5 or 2.0 ∘C above pre-industrial levels stipulated by the 21st Conference of Parties in Paris has led to increased interest in solar radiation management (SRM) techniques. Proposed SRM schemes aim to increase planetary albedo to reflect more sunlight back to space and induce a cooling that acts to partially offset global warming. Under the auspices of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project, we have performed model experiments whereby global temperature under the high-forcing SSP5-8.5 scenario is reduced to follow that of the medium-forcing SSP2-4.5 scenario. Two different mechanisms to achieve this are employed: the first via a reduction in the solar constant (experiment G6solar) and the second via modelling injections of sulfur dioxide (experiment G6sulfur) which forms sulfate aerosol in the stratosphere. Results from two state-of-the-art coupled Earth system models (UKESM1 and CESM2-WACCM6) both show an impact on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in G6sulfur but not in G6solar. Both models show a persistent positive anomaly in the NAO during the Northern Hemisphere winter season in G6sulfur, suggesting an increase in zonal flow and an increase in North Atlantic storm track activity impacting the Eurasian continent and leading to high-latitude warming over Europe and Asia. These results are broadly consistent with previous findings which show similar impacts from stratospheric volcanic aerosol on the NAO and emphasize that detailed modelling of geoengineering processes is required if accurate impacts of SRM effects are to be simulated. Differences remain between the two models in predicting regional changes over the continental USA and Africa, suggesting that more models need to perform such simulations before attempting to draw any conclusions regarding potential continental-scale climate change under SRM.

scholarly journals Performance Of P1 Model In The Prediction Of Static Temperature And Velocity Magnitude Of Therminol D-12 In An Evacuated Tube Solar Collector

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 255-261
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Velocity Magnitude ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Flat Plate Collector ◽  
Evacuated Tube

Instant hot water requirement is more in tropical countries during the winter season. The conventional flat plate collector and evacuated tube collector based solar water heaters are unable to delivesr instant hot water in the presence of low solar radiation. Passive heating of water in an evacuated tube with heat transfer fluids having low specific heat can deliver a better solution to the above problem. Therminol D-12 was identified as one such fluid and its performance was studied under varying flow rates and radiation heat fluxes. The analysis was carried out with the CFD solver FLUENT 6.2. P1 radiation model was used to predict the static temperature and velocity magnitude of therminol D-12 at the exit of the evacuated tube. The result obtained from the CFD analysis was validated with the experimental result. The deviation of experimental result from the predicted result was found to be less than 5%. The error percentage increases with increasing radiative heat fluxes due to convection boundary conditions. The performance of P1 model was found to be good for solar radiation experiments less than 600 W/m2 .

scholarly journals Theoretical study of Linke's Turbidity at Some Iraqi Sites Based on Solar Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Ali Shkhair Younus ◽  
◽  
Sahib Neamh Abdul Wahid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Hours ◽  
South Of Iraq ◽  
North And South

Turbidity was calculated by solar irradiance (Linke's Turbidity) for sixteen Iraqi sites. These sites were distributed among middle, north and south of Iraq. We have updated these results of turbidity by depending on direct solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation, total solar radiation, and solar constant as inputs for mathematical models in computer programs. The latter calculations taking into account the hours of actual sun shine, hours of theoretical sun shine of the sun, the angle of the sun's rays, and the angle of the sun during the months of the year. The results showed that turbidity in the Iraqi sites which considered in this research depends mainly on the months of the year regardless of the fact that this site is located in the north, middle or south of Iraq. The amount of turbidity is at its greatest value during the winter season, specifically the month of December, where the average turbidity varied for those sites. In latter month the turbidity was ranged from (4.85 to 5.73), while in January it ranged from (4.75 to 5.72), then it began to decrease until the value of turbidity in most sites reached its lowest level in September, where the average turbidity of the studied sites varied (except for the site of Najaf) in this month (2.82 - 3.10) While the Najaf site was unique in registering the lowest average amount of turbidity in June by (3.25). The results showed that the turbidity in all sites included in this research ranges between (2.82 - 5.73) during the year.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling of Single Glazed and Double Glazed Solar Air Heater

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Bhawna Agrawal ◽  
Pallavi Agrawal ◽  
Suman Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Solar Air Heater ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Air Heater

This paper focuses on Mathematical Modelling of Single Glazed and Double Glazed Solar air heater (SAH) which is special kind of heat exchanger that transfers thermal energy from the solar radiation to the fluid flowing inside of the collector. The most potential applications of SAH is the supply of hot air for heating of buildings, to maintain a comfortable environment especially in the winter season, air preheating, desiccant refrigeration, and drying of vegetables, fruits, meat, textile and marine products. Solar radiation intensity is less in the morning that increase gradually till noon and again decrease from noon to evening. During simulations it is observed that the heat gain is directly proportional to the mass flow rate. It is maximum for the counter flow SAH and is least for transpired solar air heater. The efficiency of the SAH is directly proportional to mass flow rate. The thermal efficiency is maximum for the counter flow SAH, The useful heat gain increases is highest in the clear days of summer month particularly in the month of April-May and lowest in the cloudy days of winter month particularly in the month of December. The results are in conformation with theoretical aspects.

Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic System in Humid Atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhass Avithi Desappan ◽  
Elumalai Natarajan ◽  
Lakshmi Ponnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Radiation Energy ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Humid Atmosphere ◽  
Chennai City

The photovoltaic system converts electrical energy from solar radiation energy. It is preferable because it has no moving parts and low pollution to the environment. The performance of photovoltaic system has been decided with environmental aspects apart from the photovoltaic system specifications and incident solar radiation. In this research, the influence of relative humidity on photovoltaic system is considered for evaluating the performance and to draw the characteristic curves during winter (December and January) period. The photovoltaic system which installed at Chennai city, India, is exposed to high relative humidity even during winter season. The 3kW photovoltaic system behaviour is considered and measures the photovoltaic output voltage and output current with the effect of relative humidity. The performance curves shows that high relative humidity reduces the output voltage and current from photovoltaic system. It is same as the influence of other adverse environmental factors to degrade the operation and life span of photovoltaic system.

scholarly journals Efficiency of using solar tracking systems with two degrees of freedom

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
O.V. Pidhorodetskiy ◽  
◽  
E.V. Titova ◽  
V.I. Kravets ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Two Degrees Of Freedom

The article touches upon the problem of increasing the efficiency of the functioning of solar power plants. An effective way to increase the flow of solar energy to the inclined plane of photo converters is the introduction of systems that are able to change the spatial orientation of solar modules during daylight hours in the vertical and horizontal planes. The work focuses on determining the quantitative indicators of incident solar energy when using a space-oriented and stationary installation system of photo modules. The calculation method chosen by the authors allows finding the intensity of solar radiation on the surface of a plane oriented in any direction, for a typical day and under different weather conditions. The calculation procedure is built for: determining the declination of the Sun to the northern hemisphere, the time of sunrise and sunset of the celestial body for the selected area, establishing the height of the Sun and the angle of incidence of solar radiation on a surface of 1 m2, oriented at different angles to the horizontal plane. Calculation of total solar insolation is performed by integrating the found values of the radiation balance over a specific duration of daylight. A comparison of the intensity of the supply of solar energy to a stationary and oriented plane during one year of operation is presented. It has been established that the most favourable period of time for maximum use of the potential of tracking systems is determined by the length of daylight hours. So, the highest efficiency of using oriented technology for installing photomodules becomes available in spring and summer. The lowest efficiency of such systems relative to stationary counterparts is observed during the winter season, when the daylight hours are minimal, and therefore, the change of the mode of operation of the system at appropriate intervals is required. The calculations allow predicting the economic effect of the introduction of orientation systems for solar photomodules with two degrees of freedom, depending on the performance and cost of individual systems. Keywords: solar energy, tracking, photovoltaic converter, radiation balance, radiation.

scholarly journals Reuse Waste Material and Carbon Dioxide Emissions to Save Energy and Approach Sustainable Lightweight Portable Shelters

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-161
Author(s):  
Ammar Alkhalidi ◽  
Yara Nidal Zaytoun
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Lightweight Structures ◽  
Heating Load ◽  
Simulation Results

AbstractDespite their great significance, lightweight structures have poor thermal inertia. In order to enhance the thermal comfort inside such buildings, architects need lightweight thermal storage. In this paper a model was used to experimentally investigate Heating Load profiles in lightweight shelters. The profiles were created for the climate in Jordan, then simulated for other climate zones. The proposed design concept was used to create a replacement for a thermal mass in lightweight structures such as shelters; by combining passive solar gain with energy storage embodied within the shelter floor (thermal-floor) to absorb solar radiation. This shelter design decreased the Heating Load during the winter season by acting as heat storage that releases energy at night time after being exposed to solar radiation during the day. The passive design depends on shading elements and overhangs shades to control solar gain during different seasons to prevent overheating during the summer. An experimental investigation of this model was performed to validate the simulation results. Validated simulation results showed that the designed thermal-floor is 25 % of the total shelter’s floor area, which was crucial for obtaining favourable results. With CO2 as a thermal mass, heat load was reduced up to 68 % compared to a 20 cm concrete slab floor. The use of this thermal storage material yielded a reduction in annual heating demand by 85 kWh/m2.

Performance Analysis of Solar Water Heater in Multipurpose Solar Heating System

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1706-1713
Author(s):  
R. Venkatesh ◽  
W. Christraj
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water

Of all the renewable sources of energy available, solar thermal energy is the most abundant one and is available in both direct as well as indirect forms. In order to increase the thermal performance of solar collectors, the multipurpose solar collectors were investigated experimentally by the storage tank of the conventional solar water collector is modified as riser tubes and header. It is fitted in the bottom of the solar air heater as an absorber in the normal air heater. The thermal performance of thermosyphon flat plate solar water heater was investigated on both summer and winter seasons. The maximum daily average of 72.05%, 0.0316 kg/sm2and 0.873 m/s were recorded for the relative humidity, mass flow rate and wind speed at summer season respectively. Corresponding figure at for winter was 19.5 % 0.0295 kg/sm2and 0.722 m/s respectively. A minimum daily average of 11.23% and 0.384 m/s for the relative humidity and wind speed respectively. These results show that the mass flow rate obtained was a function of solar radiation and relative humidity. The less humid the ambient air becomes, the higher the heat gained by the system hence higher water flow rate. The maximum value of relative humidity obtained is due to low solar radiation on winter season. The heat removal factor (FR) and collector efficiency factor (Fo) were found to be higher for Multipurpose solar water heater as compared to conventional solar water heaters for summer as well as winter season. These factors for Multipurpose solar water heater were more during summer and winter.

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