scholarly journals Charakterystyka i potencjał innowacyjny gospodarstw typu rodzinnego w Polsce

2005 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Catherine Darrot ◽  
Christian Mouchet
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Manual Work ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
European Development ◽  
Social Transfers

Preliminary interviews concerning 20 farms in the regions of Podlasie and Małopolska were carried in 2003 for a doctorate entitled "Interest and future of Polish peasant-like farming systems in European development models: an ethno-agronomical and socio-economic approach ". In farms where less than 15 ha are available complementary incomes are necessary. They can be provided either by social transfers, either by salaried work. A precise repartition of tasks on the farm between specific feminine (manual work and provision of subsistence goods) and masculine (mechanized work and production for sale) tasks, explain different evolutions of production depending on access to outside jobs by each member of the couple. Agronomical organization of the farm was also described, with four parts which can be distinguished in traditional farming systems: family garden, field crops, permanent pastures and private forest, and an ecologically positive impact of agronomical techniques observed. These family-like farming systems can be considered as innovating in context of the contemporary European debate about ecological and economical choices in agriculture, also represented by other groups of fanners in Europe. In the future this could encourage the autonomy and the reduction of inputs employed in the Polish family-run farms, with their new orientations on the European financial help.

Vegetable Production in Traditional Farming Systems in Nigeria

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Present System ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Improved Cultivars ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Most increases in vegetable production come from areas under traditional agriculture, and small-scale farmers seldom adopt any intercropping technology that excludes vegetables in Nigeria, yet less attention has been paid to these crops in mixed cropping studies, compared with field crops. Vegetables are of good nutritional value, and have considerable potential as income-generating crops and as a supplement to diets consisting mainly of carbohydrates. To realize this potential, however, adequate information about the present system of production is essential, as well as improved cultivars and better crop management.

scholarly journals Yam: a neglected and underutilized crop in Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
MVBM Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Brazil Current ◽  
Underutilized Crop ◽  
Dioscorea Species ◽  
Colonization Period ◽  
Traditional Communities

In Brazil current studies and investments on yams are incipient. Similarly, the literature in recent decades lacks adequate information on this group of plants. The existing literature, on its turn, requires more than ever to be revised and organized. Yams have joined the so-called "neglected" group of crops for several reasons, but particularly because they are associated with poor and traditional communities. Many vegetables introduced in Brazil during the colonization period have adapted to different cropping systems, yams being an excellent example. This diversity resulted very widespread, yet poorly recognized in the country. In turn, the gardens using traditional farming systems continue to maintain and enhance yam local varieties. Studies from other countries, with an emphasis on characterization and genetic breeding, brought to light an urgent need for Brazil to invest in yams as a food rich in carbohydrates, even to the point of alterations in food public policy. Reversal of the yam's current stigma is both a challenge to the scientific community and to the population as a whole. This paper aims to raise pertinent questions about Dioscorea species, an important key group for many communities in tropical countries, yet still unrecognized as so in Brazil.

scholarly journals Abundance and distribution of Ixodid tick species infesting cattle reared under traditional farming systems in Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Kerario Isack ◽  
Muleya Walter ◽  
Chenyambuga Sebastian ◽  
Koski Marja ◽  
Hwang Seong-Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

scholarly journals Social and environmental factors in the diversity of tomato landraces from the South-Central region of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda del Rocio Moreno-Ramírez ◽  
Aurelio Hernández-Bautista ◽  
Porfirio Ramírez-Vallejo ◽  
Fernando Castillo-Gónzalez ◽  
Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
South Central ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Group

ABSTRACT: In the present study, we investigated the influence of social and environmental factors in the genetic diversity of tomato landraces in the South-Central region of Mexico. A total of 30 tomato landraces, collected in 18 villages with different ethnolinguistic affiliations, were analyzed. We reported that the genetic diversity of tomato landraces is associated with the ethnolinguistic group, weather, and soil-type present in the region studied. Our results showed that there are morphological differences between landraces grown by different ethnolinguistic groups; however, there was also evidence of morphological similarities between landraces from groups with different ethnolinguistic affiliations. Finally, different selection criteria, mainly fruit color, size and shape, plays an important role in the phenotypic divergence among landraces grown in different traditional farming systems.

Defining and identifying crop landraces

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Carolina Camacho Villa ◽  
Nigel Maxted ◽  
Maria Scholten ◽  
Brian Ford-Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Landrace Diversity ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Historical Origin

Awareness of the need for biodiversity conservation is now universally accepted, but most often recent conservation activities have focused on wild species. Crop species and the diversity between and within them has significant socioeconomic as well as heritage value. The bulk of genetic diversity in domesticated species is located in traditional varieties maintained by traditional farming systems. These traditional varieties, commonly referred to as landraces, are severely threatened by genetic extinction primarily due to their replacement by modern genetically uniform varieties. The conservation of landrace diversity has been hindered in part by the lack of an accepted definition to define the entity universally recognized as landraces. Without a definition it would be impossible to prepare an inventory and without an inventory changes in landrace constituency could not be recognized over time. Therefore, based on a literature review, workshop discussion and interviews with key informants, common characteristics of landraces were identified, such as: historical origin, high genetic diversity, local genetic adaptation, recognizable identity, lack of formal genetic improvement, and whether associated with traditional farming systems. However, although these characteristics are commonly present they are not always all present for any individual landrace; several crop-specific exceptions were noted relating to crop propagation method (sexual or asexual), breeding system (self-fertilized or cross-fertilized species), length of formal crop improvement, seed management (selection or random propagation) and use. This paper discusses the characteristics that generally constitute a landrace, reviews the exceptions to these characteristics and provides a working definition of a landrace. The working definition proposed is as follows: ‘a landrace is a dynamic population(s) of a cultivated plant that has historical origin, distinct identity and lacks formal crop improvement, as well as often being genetically diverse, locally adapted and associated with traditional farming systems’.

Soil chemical properties under modern and traditional farming systems at Khagrachari, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shampa Biswas ◽  
Mark E. Swanson ◽  
Jalal Uddin Md. Shoaib ◽  
S. M. S. Sirajul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
Traditional Farming

scholarly journals Comparative Advantage of Using Bio-pesticides in Indian Agro-ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hasrat Arjjumend ◽  
Konstantia Koutouki ◽  
Simon Neufeld
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

The use of unsustainable levels of plant protection chemicals and fertilizershas resulted in a steady decline in soil quality and crop productivity the world over. To combat this decline, agricultural practices must evolve to meet the growing global demand for food without irreversibly damaging the world’s natural resources.Biopesticides have tremendous potential to bring sustainability to agriculture and environmental safety.This article is part of a larger study conducted in India by the authors at theUniversité de Montréal with the support of Mitacs and Earth Alive Clean Technologies. In this research, farmers, manufacturers or suppliers of biopesticides, and R&D scientistswere interviewed, and their responses demonstratethe advantages of applyingmicrobial biopesticidesto field crops. Participants reported a15-30% increase in yields and crop production after the application ofbiopesticides, with better quality and quantity of fruits, grains, and tubers with a longer shelf life. Moreover, while the risk of croploss is high (60-70%) with chemicallygrown crops, this risk is reduced to 33% on average when crops are grown using biopesticides. The risk of crop loss is thus considerably reducedby the use ofbiopesticides.Yet, despite their positive impact on the health of humans, soil,ecosystems, andfriendly invertebrates,biopesticides face significant challenges and competition vis-à-vis synthetic pesticides for a variety of reasons. The development of biopesticides must overcome the problems of improper formulations, short shelf life, delayed action, and high market costs, as well as a variety oflegal/registration issues.

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