scholarly journals Antioxidant radiation response of rat brain after exposure to a clinical dose of γ-rays

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-275
Author(s):  
Ana Todorovic ◽  
Jelena Kasapovic ◽  
Snezana Pejic ◽  
Vesna Stojiljkovic ◽  
Snezana Pajovic
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Clinical Dose ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase

Ionizing radiation increases intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ros), which can damage cell structure and function. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative injury, and in an area-dependent manner. In order to elucidate differences in enzymatic antioxidative responses of the rat hippocampus and cortex, we measured the activities of cytosol superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and catalase (CAT) in those two brain regions, isolated 1 h and 24 h after exposure to 2 Gy of ?-rays. Our results indicate that the lower MnSOD activity and inducibility found in the hippocampus are probably among the main reasons for particularly great oxidative vulnerability of this brain region.

Diazoxide Modulates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Targeting H2O2 Generation and Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Aline Maria Brito Lucas ◽  
Joana Varlla de Lacerda Alexandre ◽  
Maria Thalyne Silva Araújo ◽  
Cicera Edna Barbosa David ◽  
Yuana Ivia Ponte Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase

Background: Cardiac hypertrophy involves marked wall thickening or chamber enlargement. If sustained, this condition will lead to dysfunctional mitochondria and oxidative stress. Mitochondria have ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) in the inner membrane that modulate the redox status of the cell. Objective: We investigated the in vivo effects of mitoKATP opening on oxidative stress in isoproterenol- induced cardiac hypertrophy. Methods: Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in Swiss mice treated intraperitoneally with isoproterenol (ISO - 30 mg/kg/day) for 8 days. From day 4, diazoxide (DZX - 5 mg/kg/day) was used in order to open mitoKATP (a clinically relevant therapy scheme) and 5-hydroxydecanoate (5HD - 5 mg/kg/day) or glibenclamide (GLI - 3 mg/kg/day) were used as mitoKATP blockers. Results: Isoproterenol-treated mice had elevated heart weight/tibia length ratios (HW/TL). Additionally, hypertrophic hearts had elevated levels of carbonylated proteins and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), markers of protein and lipid oxidation. In contrast, mitoKATP opening with DZX avoided ISO effects on gross hypertrophic markers (HW/TL), carbonylated proteins and TBARS, in a manner reversed by 5HD and GLI. Moreover, DZX improved mitochondrial superoxide dismutase activity. This effect was also blocked by 5HD and GLI. Additionally, ex vivo treatment of isoproterenol- induced hypertrophic cardiac tissue with DZX decreased H2O2 production in a manner sensitive to 5HD, indicating that this drug also acutely avoids oxidative stress. Conclusion: Our results suggest that diazoxide blocks oxidative stress and reverses cardiac hypertrophy. This pharmacological intervention could be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent oxidative stress associated with cardiac hypertrophy.

Immunoreactivity and activity of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase following training and exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandan K. Sen ◽  
Tomomi Ookawara ◽  
Keiichiro Suzuki ◽  
Naoyuki Taniguchi ◽  
Osmo Hänninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical assessment of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in colorectal premalignant and malignant lesions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Piecuch ◽  
Marlena Brzozowa-Zasada ◽  
Bartosz Dziewit ◽  
Oliwia Segiet ◽  
Józef Kurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Immunohistochemical Assessment ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase

Intranasal administration of mitochondria improves spatial memory in olfactory bulbectomized mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110568
Author(s):  
Natalia V Bobkova ◽  
Daria Y Zhdanova ◽  
Natalia V Belosludtseva ◽  
Nikita V Penkov ◽  
Galina D Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Hippocampal Cell Culture ◽  
The Brain

Here, we found that functionally active mitochondria isolated from the brain of NMRI donor mice and administrated intranasally to recipient mice penetrated the brain structures in a dose-dependent manner. The injected mitochondria labeled with the MitoTracker Red localized in different brain regions, including the neocortex and hippocampus, which are responsible for memory and affected by degeneration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In behavioral experiments, intranasal microinjections of brain mitochondria of native NMRI mice improved spatial memory in the olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice with Alzheimer’s type degeneration. Control OBX mice demonstrated loss of spatial memory tested in the Morris water maze. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that allogeneic mitochondria colocalized with the markers of astrocytes and neurons in hippocampal cell culture. The results suggest that a non-invasive route intranasal administration of mitochondria may be a promising approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases characterized, like Alzheimer's disease, by mitochondrial dysfunction.

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