scholarly journals Concentration of mercury and selenium in tissues of five cetacean species from Croatian coastal waters

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1377-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Bilandzic ◽  
Marija Sedak ◽  
Maja Djokic ◽  
Martina Djuras ◽  
Tomislav Gomercic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Balaenoptera Physalus ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Grampus Griseus ◽  
Ziphius Cavirostris

Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations were measured in muscle, liver, kidney, spleen and lung tissues of five cetacean species, three dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus and Grampus griseus) and two whale species (Balaenoptera physalus and Ziphius cavirostris), stranded along the Croatian coast during the period 1999-2002. Statistically significant differences in Hg concentrations in muscle, spleen and lung, and Se in liver and lung of the different dolphin species were observed. Mercury levels in liver and spleen and Se levels in liver differed between young and adult T. truncatus species. A significant positive correlation between different tissue types for Hg and Se concentrations was observed. In all tissues tested, the lowest Hg and Se concentrations were found in B. physalus. Mercury concentrations were positively correlated with Se in all tissues. The results present one of few studies related to lung and spleen tissues in these mammals, particularly in the Adriatic Sea. Since very little data are available, this research provides new data on concentrations of Hg and Se in five cetacean species from the Adriatic Sea basin.

scholarly journals Cetacei spiaggiati lungo le coste della Campania dal 2006 al 2011 (Mammalia: Cetacea)

10.4081/18 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Nicola Maio ◽  
Francesco Pollaro ◽  
Fabio Di Nocera ◽  
Esterina De Carlo ◽  
Giorgio Galiero
Keyword(s):  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Balaenoptera Acutorostrata ◽  
Balaenoptera Physalus ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Delphinus Delphis ◽  
Grampus Griseus ◽  
Sono Stati

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">Nel presente lavoro viene riportato il risultato del rilevamento degli spiaggiamenti e dei rinvenimenti in mare di Cetacei avvenuti negli anni 2006 - 2011 lungo le coste della Campania. I dati sono stati raccolti in base ad una collaborazione scientifica tra l’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, l’Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, il Centro Studi Cetacei e il Centro Studi Ecosistemi Marini, collaborazione, che nel 2008 è stata ratificata da un protocollo di intesa finalizzato agli interventi sui Cetacei spiaggiati lungo le coste della Campania. Nel 2009 la Giunta Regionale della Campania, su richiesta del Settore Veterinario dell’Assessorato alla Sanità, ha decre</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">tato la “Costituzione di un Comitato di Coordinamento per l’attuazione del protocollo di intesa per gli interventi in caso di Cetacei e tartarughe spiaggiate” formato dai rappresentanti dei citati enti, delle AA.SS.LL. costiere, della Direzione Marittima di Napoli e dell’A.R.P.A.C. al fine di </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">approvare le linee </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">guida relative alla procedura operativa da adottarsi in caso di intervento per il recupero di carcasse di Cetacei spiaggiati. In totale sono stati raccolti i dati riguardanti 73 esemplari di almeno 6 specie, così </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">suddivisi: 1 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Balaenoptera acutorostrata</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">; 4 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Balaenoptera physalus</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">; 2 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Grampus griseus</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">; 1 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Delphinus delphis</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">; 9 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Tursiops truncatus</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">; 40 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS'; font-style: italic;">Stenella coeruleoalba; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">10 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">Delfinidi indeterminati e 6 Cetacei inde</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT';">terminati. Si riporta anche il primo caso di mal rossino diagnosticato in un esemplare di Stenella striata mai segnalato prima per le coste dell’Italia continentale. </span></p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Cetacean mortality due to interactions with fisheries and marine litter ingestion in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea from 1990 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-206
Author(s):  
Martina Đuras ◽  
◽  
Ana Galov ◽  
Kim Korpes ◽  
Magdalena Kolenc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Fisheries Interactions

Various anthropogenic threats negatively influence the survival of cetaceans in all world seas. Thanks to a long-running marine mammal surveillance program, we are able to report the results of a detailed analysis of the influence of cetacean-fisheries interactions and marine litter ingestion on cetacean mortality in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea over the last three decades. The total number of dead cetaceans was 459, and included 334 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), 40 striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), ten Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus), six Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) and four fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Three hundred of them were examined postmortally. Cetacean-fisheries interaction occurred frequently in the Adriatic Sea, being detected in 96 (20.9%) of the recorded cases. Bycatch was the most abundant cetacean-fisheries interaction, with 66 (14.4%) cases recorded. Good nutritional condition and evidence of recent feeding were the most common findings recorded in bycatch cases, followed by persistent froth in the airways, edematous lungs, bruises and an amputated fluke or tail. Cetacean-fisheries interactions other than bycatch affected 30 animals and included larynx strangulations, long-term tail entanglement and fishing gear in the stomach. Ingestion of marine litter that was not related to fisheries was recorded in four animals. This study reveals the considerable negative anthropogenic influence on cetaceans in the Adriatic Sea, especially the bottlenose dolphin that is considered to be the most numerous cetacean species therein, and demonstrates the need for the urgent development of a cetacean bycatch reduction program. Finally, it also shows the importance of sustaining national surveillance programs to gain scientifically based knowledge important for cetacean protection and prospects for their long-term survival.

Morphology of the lymph nodes in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Adriatic Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snježana Vuković ◽  
H. Lucić ◽  
H. Gomerčić ◽  
Martina Duras Gomerčić ◽  
T. Gomerčić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Lymphatic Tissue ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Striped Dolphin ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

Morphology of the lymph nodes was examined in six bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and three striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Adriatic Sea. All animals had been found dead in nature. One group of the nodes was taken from the tracheal branching area and was marked as bifurcational lymph node, and the other group was taken from the mesenteric root and was marked as mesenteric lymph node. Microscopic analysis showed that the lymph nodes in both dolphin specieswere surrounded by a connective tissue capsule comprising smooth muscle cells. The parenchyma of the mesenteric and bifurcational lymph nodes in bottlenose dolphinwas divided into the peripherally situated cortex with the lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue, and the centrally situated medulla structured of the medullary cords separated by the medullary sinuses. These lymph nodes structurally correspond to the lymph nodes in the majority of terrestrial mammals. The mesenteric lymph node of striped dolphin also had a peripherally situated cortex and a centrally positioned medulla as the majority of terrestrial mammals. In the bifurcational lymph nodes of striped dolphin, there was a central dense lymphatic tissue with the lymphatic nodules and a peripheral less dense lymphatic tissue structured of the cell cords and sinuses. The bifurcational lymph node in striped dolphinresembledporcine lymph nodes and belonged to the inverse lymph nodes.

scholarly journals Microbiota fingerprints within the oral cavity of cetaceans as indicators for population biomonitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Soares-Castro ◽  
Helena Araújo-Rodrigues ◽  
Filipa Godoy-Vitorino ◽  
Marisa Ferreira ◽  
Pablo Covelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Delphinus Delphis ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract The composition of mammalian microbiota has been related with the host health status. In this study, we assessed the oral microbiome of 3 cetacean species most commonly found stranded in Iberian Atlantic waters (Delphinus delphis, Stenella coeruleoalba and Phocoena phocoena), using 16S rDNA-amplicon metabarcoding. All oral microbiomes were dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria bacteria, which were also predominant in the oral cavity of Tursiops truncatus. A Constrained Canonical Analysis (CCA) showed that the major factors shaping the composition of 38 oral microbiomes (p-value < 0.05) were: (i) animal species and (ii) age class, segregating adults and juveniles. The correlation analysis also grouped the microbiomes by animal stranding location and health status. Similar discriminatory patterns were detected using the data from a previous study on Tursiops truncatus, indicating that this correlation approach may facilitate data comparisons between different studies on several cetacean species. This study identified a total of 15 bacterial genera and 27 OTUs discriminating between the observed CCA groups, which can be further explored as microbiota fingerprints to develop (i) specific diagnostic assays for cetacean population conservation and (ii) bio-monitoring approaches to assess the health of marine ecosystems from the Iberian Atlantic basin, using cetaceans as bioindicators.

scholarly journals Exploring the resident gut microbiota of stranded odontocetes: high similarities between two dolphin species Tursiops truncatus and Stenella coeruleoalba

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181-1188
Author(s):  
Khaled F. A. Abdelrhman ◽  
Alice Ciofini ◽  
Giovanni Bacci ◽  
Cecilia Mancusi ◽  
Alessio Mengoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractThe evaluation of symbiotic microbial communities occurring in the intestinal tract of animals has received great interest in recent years. However, little is known about gut microbial communities in cetaceans, despite their relevance in the ecology of marine communities. Here, we report an investigation using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the resident gut microbiota of the two cetacean species Stenella coeruleoalba and Tursiops truncatus by sampling intestinal mucosa from specimens retrieved stranded along the Tyrrhenian coast of Tuscany (Italy). We found an abundance of members from Clostridiaceae and Fusobacteriaceae, which in total accounted for more than 50% of reads, in agreement with gut microbiota composition of other carnivorous mammals. Probably due to the limited number of samples available, sex, preservation status and also species, did not correlate with overall differences in the microbiota. Indeed, a high similarity of the taxonomic (family-level) composition between the gut microbiota of the two species was found. However, Pedobacter spp. was found abundant in amplicon sequencing libraries from S. coeruleoalba, while clostridia were more abundant from T. truncatus samples. Our results shed some light on the gut microbiota composition of two dolphin (S. coeruleoalba and T. truncatus) species, with specimens collected in the wild. Studies with a larger number of individuals are now needed to confirm these first results and evaluate the interspecific differences in relation to sex and age.

Occurrence of Atlantic humpback (Sousa teuszii) and bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) dolphins in the coastal waters of Guinea-Bissau, with an updated cetacean species checklist

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth H. Leeney ◽  
Caroline R. Weir ◽  
Pierre Campredon ◽  
Aissa Regalla ◽  
Jeff Foster
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
The Status ◽  
Spatio Temporal

There is a paucity of information on the cetacean fauna of Guinea-Bissau in West Africa. We compiled records published in the literature and novel unpublished sighting data (2008–2014) to examine the occurrence and distribution of cetacean species. At least 10 species were verified to occur in Guinea-Bissau waters, of which eight were documented from a small number of sightings, whaling captures or skeletal remains. By far the most frequently recorded species were the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) (N = 146) and the Atlantic humpback dolphin (Sousa teuszii) (N = 110). These two species were sympatric in distribution, both being found throughout coastal waters from the northern regions of Canal de Jeta and Rio Mansôa south to the Rio Cacine and around the Arquipélago dos Bijagós. However, differences were apparent in their finer-scale distribution and in the distance of sightings from shore, with bottlenose dolphin sightings generally occurring further from shore (and especially in the region of the Canal do Gêba) than Atlantic humpback dolphins. Sightings indicate that both species likely inhabit Guinea-Bissau waters throughout the year. Dedicated systematic cetacean survey work is urgently needed in coastal Bissau-Guinean waters in order to ascertain the abundance, spatio-temporal distribution, population structure and causes of mortality of bottlenose and Atlantic humpback dolphins, particularly given the Vulnerable conservation status of the latter species. Clarification of the status of cetaceans in offshore waters requires survey effort throughout the Guinea-Bissau EEZ.

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