Antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of various leaf extracts of Amphoricarpos vis. (Asteraceae) taxa

The antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of diethyl ether, 80% methanol and 50% acetone extracts of the leaves of three Amphoricarpos taxa (Asteraceae; A. neumayerianus, A. autariatus ssp. autariatus and A. autariatus ssp. bertisceus) from the Balkan Peninsula were investigated. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the broth microdilution assay against eight bacterial and eight fungal species. The in vitro antioxidative activity was assessed by the DPPH assay. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. The most sensitive bacterial species were Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The best antibacterial potential was obtained for the methanol extract of A. neumayerianus, while the diethyl ether extract of this species showed the lowest effect. In general, the tested extracts showed higher activity than the commercial antibiotics streptomycin and ampicillin. Also, all micromycetes were sensitive to the tested extracts. The most sensitive was Trichoderma viride. The highest and lowest antifungal effect was determined in A. a. ssp. autariatus for the diethyl ether and acetone extracts, respectively. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined in the methanol extract of A. a. autariatus. The best antioxidative activity was demonstrated by the methanol extract of A. a. ssp. autariatus as comparing to matching extracts from the other two taxa.

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Nutritional Composition,α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities ofOphiopogon japonicusTubers

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/893074 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Yancui Wang ◽

Feng Liu ◽

Zongsuo Liang

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Ophiopogon Japonicus ◽

Nutritional Compounds ◽

Chloroform Methanol ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Ophiopogon japonicustubers have been widely used as food and traditional Chinese medicine in China. However, their nutritional composition has not been fully reported yet. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional composition ofO. japonicustubers. Theα-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the extracts obtained fromO. japonicustubers were also evaluated byin vitroassays. The results indicated thatO. japonicustubers are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and amino acids. Among four extracts, the n-butanol fraction (nBF) and chloroform/methanol extract (CME) ofO. japonicustubers had high amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and exhibited goodα-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Theα-glucosidase inhibition of nBF was higher than acarbose. Overall,O. japonicustubers are full of nutritional compounds and have goodα-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.

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Extraction of Phenolic Compounds of six Algerian date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Ain-Saleh region, using Reflux method and Screening of Antioxidant Activity in vitro

Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry ◽

10.52711/0974-4150.2021.00030 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 161-167

Author(s):

Habchi A. ◽

Dekmouche M. ◽

Hamia C. ◽

Saidi M. ◽

Yousfi M. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds for six cultivars of date from In Saleh region (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which were extracted by reflux with solvents, 80% methanol and 70% aceton after the phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were measured using Folin–Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Antioxidant activity acetone/H2O and methanol/H2O extracts using ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, TAC and CUPRAC assays. The results showed that methanolic solvent reflux gives better yields. The highest level of phenolic compounds for all dates varieties was found in the 80% methanol extract. This level ranged from 8.04 ± 0.14 to 46.81 ± 1.22 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight and flavonoid content was observed relatively low for both two solvents. However, extraction into 70% acetone gave the highest antioxidant activity with all assay. These results showed that dates had strongly scavenging activity on DPPH reaching 3.12 µg/mL in methanol/H2O from Cul1 (6.9 µg/mL with ascorbic acid), also on ABTS reaching 6.51 µg/mL in acetone/H2O from Cul2 (104.98 µg/mL with ascorbic acid).

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Estimation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents in Some Medicinal Plants and Their Antioxidant Activities

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v15i1.12010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bedraj Pandey ◽

Meena Rajbhandari

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Aqueous Acetone ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Aqueous Methanol ◽

Acetone Extracts ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Quercetin was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of a methanol extract of the outer scale of onion by repeated sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Methanol, 50% aqueous methanol and 70% aqueous acetone extracts of different parts of four medicinal plants, Ficus benghalensis, Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Ipomea carnea and Azeratum conyzoides were prepared and screened for total phenolic and flavonoid contents and free radical scavenging activity. The total phenolics contents were measured spectrophotometrically by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and total flavonoids content by using aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. All the investigated medicinal plant extracts contained high amount of phenolics. The highest amount was detected in 70% aqueous acetone extract of E. sphaericus (298.8±9.03 mg GAE/g extract) and lowest amount in 50% aqueous methanol extract of F. benghalensis (6.7±0.73 mg GAE/g extract). The highest amount of flavonoid was found in methanol extract (78.2±2.72 mg quercetin/g extract) and the lowest amount was detected in 50% aqueous methanol extract (2.1±0.25 mg quercetin/g extract) of F. benghalensis. DPPH free radical scavenging assay was carried out only in 70% acetone extracts. The highest IC50 value was observed for E. sphaericus (34.0 μg/ml). A strong linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was found indicating that the major antioxidants are phenolics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i1.12010 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.1 (2014) 53-60

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Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. extracts

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1401307a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 307-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ana Alimpic ◽

Mariana Oaldje ◽

V. Matevski ◽

P.D. Marin ◽

Sonja Duletic-Lausevic

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, and the total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol and methanol extracts of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. in the whole plant and different parts, leaves, stems and flowers. The largest amounts of extract yield were obtained from the flowers, 14.14% and 12.00 % (w/w) in the ethanol of methanol extracts, respectively. The ethanol extract of leaves (16.07 ?g/ml) and methanol extract of the whole plant (21.28 ?g/ml) showed the highest activity against the DPPH radical. The ethanol extract of the leaves was the richest in phenols (222.40 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (49.81 mg QE/g), whereas the methanol extract of the whole plant contained the highest amount of phenolics (180.89 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (38.15 mg QE/g). A very strong linear correlation between antioxidant activity and the phenolic content of the extracts was established. The obtained results suggest that S. amplexicaulis could be regarded as an important source of natural antioxidants.

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In vitro free radical scavenging and antidiabetic activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts: a comparative evaluation of Argyreia pierreana and Matelea denticulata

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-019-0014-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Venkataiah Gudise ◽

Bimalendu Chowdhury ◽

Arehalli S. Manjappa

Keyword(s):

Glucose Uptake ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Vascular Complications ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Glut 4 ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Abstract Background Oxidation is believed to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by lipid peroxidation; DNA and protein damage leads to the development of vascular complications like coronary heart disease, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The herbal preparations are complementary and alternative medicines to allopathic drugs which are believed to cause adverse events. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify the novel plants, which belong to the genera Argyreia (Argyreia pierreana (AP)) and Matelea (Matelea denticulata (MD)), and assess the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts for in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potential by DPPH, OH•, superoxide, and glucose uptake and gene expression (GLUT-4 and PPARγ) studies using the L-6 cell line respectively. Results The preliminary scrutiny revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and glycosides. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethanolic extracts were found higher than those of aqueous extracts. The ethanolic extracts exhibited the superior antioxidant capacity when compared with aqueous extracts. However, the ethanolic extract of MD was shown superlative glucose uptake activity (72.54%) over control (0.037%) and GLUT-4 and PPARγ gene expressions (1.17 and 1.20) in term of folds respectively over cell control (1.00). Conclusion The ethanolic leaf extracts of both plants showed significant in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compare to aqueous extracts. The Matelea denticulata ethanolic leaf extract exhibited superior activity. This superior activity might be due to their higher phenolic and flavonoid content. However, further approaches are needed to define these activities.

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Leaf micromorphology, antioxidative activity and a new record of 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide of relict and limestone endemic Amphoricarpos elegans Albov (compositae) from Georgia

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs180309022g ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 613-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Milan Gavrilovic ◽

Vele Tesevic ◽

Iris Djordjevic ◽

Nemanja Rajcevic ◽

Arsena Bakhia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidative Activity ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Methanol Fraction ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Leaf Micromorphology ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

We examined for the first time the leaf micromorphology, phytochemistry and biological activity of the rare and stenoendemic Amphoricarpos elegans Albov (Compositae) from Georgia. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of glandular trichomes on the leaves, which appeared as glandular dots that are considered the main sites of biosynthesis and accumulation of sesquiterpene lactones. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analyses, we identify and characterized 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide, a known sesquiterpene lactone for the genus Amphoricarpos Vis. Regarding chemotaxonomic significance, 3-deoxyamphoricarpolide represents a link between Balkan and Caucasian species of the genus. The antioxidative capacity of different leaf extracts, obtained using a Soxhlet extractor, was evaluated by two radical scavenging assays: DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical and the 2,2?-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. The highest antioxidative activity and the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected in the methanol fraction, as a result of the contribution of not only phenols, but probably also lactones. The considerable antioxidative potential indicates possible applications in pharmacy and medicine.

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PHYTOTOXIC, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL, AND ANTILEISHMANIAL ACTIVITIES OF EUPHORBIA HIRTA FROM CHITWAN DISTRICT NEPAL

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i2.36469 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 146-149

Author(s):

KHAGA RAJ SHARMA

Keyword(s):

Plant Extract ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Euphorbia Hirta ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, antileishmanial, and phytotoxic activities and estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents in methanol extract of Euphorbia hirta collected from Chitwan district of Nepal using in vitro studies. Methods: Methanol extract of the plant was prepared by cold percolation method. Screening of secondary metabolites was performed by color differentiation methods. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the plant extract was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay in which percentage scavenging and inhibitory concentration (IC50) were calculated. Furthermore, antileishmanial and phytotoxic activity was evaluated by adopting the standard protocols. Phenolic and flavonoid content was estimated using Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion method. Results: The antileishmanial activity of the methanolic extract of E. hirta showed low leishmanicidal activity IC50 68.1±1.2 μg/ml standard deviation (SD) as compared to the standard drugs amphotericin B 0.29±0.05 μg/ml SD and pentamidine 5.09±0.09 μg/ml SD. The radical scavenging activity shows IC50=29.23±0.21 μg/ml SD which is found potent than the standard ascorbic acid IC50=45.93 μg/ml. The extract of E. hirta contains high value of total phenolic content milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram (138.10±4.90 mg GAE/g SD) and flavonoid content milligram quercetin equivalent per gram (11.54±0.00 mg QE/g SD). The plant extract exhibits weak antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (9.0 mm), Bacillus subtilis (11.0 mm), Escherichia coli (9.0 mm), and Salmonella Typhi (9.0 mm) at a concentration of 10.0 mg/ml in which 50 μl was loaded per well. Plant extract exhibits moderate phytotoxic activity with the number of fronds 3, 10, and 14 against the different concentrations of plant extract. Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study have put forward E. hirta into promising herbs with good antioxidant activities, moderate phytotoxic activity, and potential source of antibacterial agent with a significant amount of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Although the plant extract shows the potent biological activity, further studies are needed to assess its mechanism of action.

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ANTIOXIDATIVE AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIALS OF CYCLOSORUS INTERRUPTUS (WILLD.) H. ITÔ AND PRONEPHRIUM NUDATUM (ROXB. EX GRIFF.) HOLTTUM

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i9.32039 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 87-94

Author(s):

ABHIJIT MITRA ◽

MANABENDRA DUTTA CHOUDHURY ◽

PRAKASH ROY CHOUDHURY ◽

DEEPA NATH ◽

SUBRATA DAS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

In Vitro Systems ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objectives: The work aims to screen the antioxidative potentials of different crude extracts of the fronds of two medicinally important pteridophytes of Southern Assam, India, namely, Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Itô and Pronephrium nudatum (Roxb. ex Griff.) Holttum. Methods: Frond extracts of the pteridophytes were prepared by Soxhlet hot extraction method. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of the fronds of the plants were done by following standard protocol. In vitro assessment of the antioxidative behavior of the extracts was performed using standard 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay, reducing power assay, metal chelating assay, hydroxyl, superoxide, and 2,2’- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline - 6 – sulfonic acid) radical scavenging methods in different in vitro systems. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis implicated the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all the frond extracts. The methanol extract of the fronds of both the plants showed maximum phenolic and flavonoid contents in comparison to the other extracts, however, that of C. interruptus was found to be higher than P. nudatum. Antioxidative potentials of the said extracts were also found to be impressive and noteworthy. The decreasing order of the antioxidative efficacies of the extracts was found to be same as that of TPC and TFC of the extracts. Conclusion: It is pertinent to comment that the methanol extract of the fronds of both the plants may be treated as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WHOLE PLANT EXTRACTS OF SESUVIUM PORTULACASTRUM L

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.22558 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 322

Author(s):

Sathvika Chintalapani ◽

Swathi M. S. ◽

Mangamoori Lakshmi Narasu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Sesuvium Portulacastrum ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Diethyl Ether Extract ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to screen the phytochemicals, estimate the content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and determine the antioxidant capacity of the Sesuvium portulacastrum L. (S. portulacastrum).Methods: The crude bioactives were extracted from the dried powder of S. portulacastrum in an orbital shaker using ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, and diethyl ether solvents. Rotaevaporator was used to concentrate the extracts. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was estimated spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine the in vitro antioxidant capacity.Results: Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of major classes of phytochemicals. Total phenolic content (TPC) expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged from 14.42 (ethanol extract) to 54.05 (diethyl ether extract) mg GAE/g dry weight. Total flavonoid content expressed as quercetin equivalents (QE) ranged from 22.03 (hexane extract) to 56.70 (methanol extract) mg QE/g dry weight. Antioxidant activity determined by different assays is highest in diethyl ether extract. A positive correlation (0.7241≤ r ≥0.8419) was found between the TPC and antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 scavenging assays. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation (0.722≤ r ≥0.999) between all the pairs of antioxidant assays.Conclusion: Diethyl ether extract showed the highest TPC and antioxidant potential among all the extracts of S. portulacastrum. Further research has to be done to isolate the pure bioactive compound that has high antioxidant potential.

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