scholarly journals Operative treatment of primary brain tumors localized in motor zone with direct corticalis electrostimulation: Series of 62 patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Goran Tasic ◽  
Branislav Nestorovic ◽  
Ivan Milic ◽  
Igor Nikolic ◽  
Vladimir Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
The Brain

In spite of the progress made in diagnostic procedures and development of the operating rooms technology, considerable neurological deficit after operation of tumors localized in the brain motor zone commits one to direct intraoperative identification of the motor zone. By introducing direct electrocortical stimulation into the routine intraoperative application the primary goal has been achieved - reaching the maximum degree of radicalness of surgical resection while preserving motor centres in the cerebral cortex. Method: We are hereby demonstrating a series of 60 patients operated for primary brain tumors localized in the area in the front and around the central sulcus. All operations have been performed under the general anesthetics. During the operations the method of direct electrostimulation (ES) was used for the purpose of identifying motor centres. Results: Intraoperatively a level of subtotal resection was achieved in 22 cases, while radical resection was possible in 38 cases. Significantly higher level of radicalness of surgical resection of the low grade glioma tumor was confirmed statistically in relation to the group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme by applying the ES cortex (p<0,05). Patients with slow developing brain glioma have statistically considerably higher KI value in relation to the KI values in the group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (p<0,01). Difference in the measured values of distance from the coronal suture based on the results of MRI measuring and finding obtained by ES, has shown a statistically considerably higher difference with glioblastoma multiforme 8,26+4,288mm when comapred to slowly developing astrocitoma 5,88+3,080 (p<0,05). Conclusion: Electrostimulation of the brain cortex is a safe, simple and precise method for identification of the brain motor zone which enables prevention of additional postoperative deficit and higher level of surgical radicalness.

scholarly journals GENE-03. SPECIFIC SIGNATURES OF microRNA IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS AND METASTASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi98-vi98
Author(s):  
Radim Jancalek ◽  
Martin Smrcka ◽  
Alena Kopkova ◽  
Jiri Sana ◽  
Marek Vecera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) baths extracellular environment of the central nervous system, and thus, it is ideal source of tumor diagnostic biomarkers like microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of many cancers. As dysregulated levels of brain tumor specific miRNAs have been already observed in CSF, analysis of CSF miRNAs in brain tumor patients might help to develop new diagnostic platform. Next-Generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for analysis of small RNAs in 89 CSF samples taken from 32 glioblastomas (GBM), 14 low-grade gliomas (LGG), 11 meningiomas, 13 brain metastases and 19 non-tumor donors. Subsequently, according to NGS results levels of 10 miRNAs were measured in independent set of CSF samples (41 GBM, 44 meningiomas, 12 brain metastases and 20 non-tumor donors) using TaqMan Advanced miRNA Assays. NGS analysis revealed 22, 12 and 35 CSF miRNAs with significantly different levels in GBM, meningiomas, and brain metastases (adj.p < 0.0005, adj.p < 0.01, and adj.p < 0.005) respectively, in comparison with non-tumor CSF samples. Subsequent validation of selected CSF miRNAs has confirmed different levels of 7 miRNAs in GBM, 2 in meningiomas, and 2 in brain metastases compared to non-tumors. Panel of miR-30e-5p and miR-140-5p was able to distinguish brain metastases with 65% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to non-tumor samples (AUC = 0.8167); panel of miR-21-3p and miR-196-5p classified metastatic patients with 78% sensitivity and 92 % specificity in comparison to GBM (AUC = 0.90854) and with 75% sensitivity and 83% specificity compared to meningiomas (AUC = 0.84848). We have observed that CSFs from patients with various primary brain tumors and metastases are characterized by specific miRNA signatures. This work was supported by the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic grant nr. NV18-03-00398 and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic under the project CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601).

scholarly journals Microglia and Macrophages in Malignant Gliomas: Recent Discoveries and Implications for Promising Therapies

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Carolina Carvalho da Fonseca ◽  
Behnam Badie
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Glioma Growth ◽  
Alternatively Activated ◽  
Potent Tumor

Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Their deadliest manifestation, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), accounts for 15% of all primary brain tumors and is associated with a median survival of only 15 months even after multimodal therapy. There is substantial presence of microglia and macrophages within and surrounding brain tumors. These immune cells acquire an alternatively activated phenotype with potent tumor-tropic functions that contribute to glioma growth and invasion. In this review, we briefly summarize recent data that has been reported on the interaction of microglia/macrophages with brain tumors and discuss potential application of these findings to the development of future antiglioma therapies.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry of Gliomas

Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis A. Chagovetz ◽  
Colette Quinn ◽  
Neil Damarse ◽  
Lee D. Hansen ◽  
Alexander M. Chagovetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Conceptual Base

Abstract BACKGROUND: Thermal stability signatures of complex molecular interactions in biological fluids can be measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Evaluating the thermal stability of plasma proteomes offers a method of producing a disease-specific “signature” (thermogram) in neoplastic and autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVE: The authors describe the use of DSC with human brain tumor tissue to create unique thermograms for correlation with histological tumor classification. METHODS: Primary brain tumors were classified according to the World Health Organization classification. Tumor samples were digested and assayed by a DSC calorimeter. Experimental thermograms were background subtracted and normalized to the total area of transitions to exclude concentration effects. The resulting thermograms were analyzed by applying 2-state, scaled, Gaussian distributions. RESULTS: Differences in glioma-specific signatures are described by using calculated parameters at transitions that are characterized, in the equilibrium approximation, by a melting temperature (Tm), an apparent enthalpy change (ΔH), and a scaling factor related to the relative abundance of the materials denatured in the transition (Aw). Thermogram signatures of glioblastoma multiforme and low-grade astrocytomas were differentiated by calculated values of Aw3 and Tm4, those of glioblastoma multiforme and oligodendrogliomas were differentiated by Aw2, ΔH2, ΔH4, and Tm4, and those of low-grade astrocytomas and oligodendroglioma were differentiated by Aw4. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that solid brain tumors exhibit specific thermogram profiles that are distinguishable among glioma grades. We anticipate that our results will form the conceptual base of a novel diagnostic assay based on tissue thermograms as a complement to currently used histological analysis.

Treatment of murine primary brain tumors with systemic interleukin-2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Saris ◽  
Paul Spiess ◽  
Daniel M. Lieberman ◽  
Shan Lin ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Methods have recently been described for the isolation and expansion of lymphocytes that have trafficked into animal and human tumors. These CD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL's) have exceptional trafficking ability to, and efficacy against, tumor targets in extracranial sites. Prior to Phase I clinical trials for patients with gliomas, adoptive immunotherapy with TIL's was studied in a mouse model of primary brain tumors to determine if intracerebral tumors have a similar response. Glioma 261 (GL261) tumors were grown in the subcutaneous space of C57BL/6 mice. After enzymatic digestion, the cells were incubated in vitro with interleukin-2 (IL-2) until a confluent population of T lymphocytes was present. The in vitro efficacy of these TIL's was tested against fresh GL261 targets with a chromium release assay; the in vivo efficacy was tested against GL261 tumors in the liver and against irradiated and nonirradiated GL261 tumors in the brain. Mice received one of the following: intraperitoneal saline; intraperitoneal IL-2 (7500 to 50,000 U three times daily for 5 days); IL-2 plus intravenous TIL's (1 to 3 × 107 cells); 10 Gy cranial irradiation; irradiation plus IL-2; or irradiation plus IL-2 plus TIL's. The TIL preparation killed 77% of tumor targets in 4 hours at an effector:target ratio of 100:1. In animals with GL261 tumors in the liver, at 2 weeks there were 93 ± 37, 128 ± 45, and 21 ± 14 liver metastases in the control, IL-2, and IL-2 plus TIL groups, respectively. However, in animals with GL261 tumors in the brain, no treatment group had an increased survival rate compared to the control group. It is concluded that, although TIL and IL-2 immunotherapy can be used effectively to treat brain tumors in vitro and at sites outside the central nervous system, it is ineffective against the same type of tumor in the brain. Different methods of delivery or different combinations of these immunomodulators may be more effective; however, based on these findings, treatment of patients with IL-2 and TIL cannot be recommended until efficacy has been demonstrated in an animal model.

scholarly journals From first symptoms to diagnosis: Initial clinical presentation of primary brain tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2514183X2096836
Author(s):  
B Alther ◽  
V Mylius ◽  
M Weller ◽  
AR Gantenbein
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Time To Diagnosis

Background: Despite modern imaging methods, a long symptom-to-diagnosis interval can be observed in patients with primary brain tumors. Objective: The study evaluated the initial and subsequent clinical presentation of patients with brain tumors in the context of time to diagnosis, localization, histology, and tumor grading. Methods: In this retrospective analysis of 85 consecutive patients with primary brain tumors, we assessed the presenting symptoms and signs. The analyses were based on entries from medical records at the Department of Neurology of Zurich University Hospital between 2005 and 2010. Results: A total of 54 men and 31 women with a mean age at diagnosis of 48 years were included. 60% of the patients present with a malignant tumor (World Health Organization grading III–IV), 24.7% with a benign tumor (I–II), and 15.3% were not classified. The interval between symptom onset and diagnosis varied from 1 day to 96 months (median: 39 days). High-grade tumors (III–IV) were diagnosed significantly earlier than low-grade tumors (II) after the first symptoms occurred (median: 26 vs. 138 days; z = −3.847, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Symptoms with a short symptom-to-diagnosis interval such as nausea/vomiting, seizures, as well as of personality change are assumed to contribute to a faster diagnosis in high-grade tumors. Visual disturbances and headaches, although occurring relatively seldom, did not contribute to a decrease in time to diagnosis and should therefore be considered for further diagnostic workup.

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