scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify fatty acid composition in hepatic and abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose-induced obese rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Alexander-Aguilera ◽  
Silvia Berruezo ◽  
Guillermo Hernández-Diaz ◽  
Ofelia Angulo ◽  
Rosamaria Oliart-Ros
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Rats

Performance, pork quality and fatty acid composition of entire males, surgically castrated or immunocastrated males, and female pigs reared under organic system

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Grela ◽  
E. Kowalczuk-Vasilev ◽  
R. Klebaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Pig Production

Abstract This study was carried out on the farm specializing in organic pig production on 80 fatteners of the Polish native Pulawska breed, allocated into 4 groups (20 pigs each): EM - entire (uncastrated) males, IM - immunocastrates - males vaccinated with ImprovacR, CM - surgically castrated males and G - gilts. The highest average daily gains were achieved by the IM group, slightly lower by EM, whereas the lowest by CM and G groups. Content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in intramuscular fat and backfat (10.19% and 10.68%, respectively) of IM was lower (P ≤ 0.05) than in fat of EM (11.4% and 13.20%, respectively), but higher (P ≤ 0.05) in comparison to CM (8.43% and 8.71%, respectively). Vaccination of boars against GnRH has not decreased quality traits of organically produced pork. Furthermore, comparing to meat from surgically castrated males, it resulted in better qualities (lower fat content in carcass, higher PUFA level in fat, better physicochemical meat properties).

scholarly journals FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF 14C-GLUCOSE ACTIVITY IN LIPID CLASSES OF PORCINE SUBCUTANEOUS FAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MYRES ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Considerable Proportion

Subcutaneous backfat samples from pigs receiving diets with or without 250 ppm supplemental copper were separated into glycerides (GLY) and free fatty acids (FFA) and the fatty acid composition of each fraction was determined. In addition, the effect of dietary copper on the distribution of 14C- from U-14C-glucose between GLY and FFA in depot fat was examined. The basal diet consisted of 90.1% barley and 7.5% herring meal. Results from three experiments suggest that copper may act in adipose tissue of the pig by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in both the FFA and GLY fractions in animals of 60–70 kg liveweight. The distribution of 14C activity in the fatty acids of the GLY and FFA fractions indicated a higher specific activity of the FFA fraction compared with that of the GLY fatty acids. The GLY/FFA ratio was lower for copper-supplemented animals kept in a cold environment. The overall data suggest that a considerable proportion of newly synthesized acids exists in adipose tissue in the free form.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous fat composition of youthful and mature Canadian beef: emphasis on individual conjugated linoleic acid and trans-18:1 isomers

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. R. Dugan ◽  
D. C. Rolland ◽  
J. L. Aalhus ◽  
N. Aldai ◽  
J. K. G. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Value Added

A comprehensive evaluation of the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue from beef cattle produced in western Canada was undertaken to determine if the current Canadian grading system is able to distinguish classes of animals with value added potential due to their fatty acid composition. Grades included youthful Canadian Yield Grade 1 A/AA beef, under (YUTM) and over (YOTM) 30 mo of age and the four mature grades (D1, D2, D2 and D4). Subcutaneous fat between the 12th and 13th ribs over the longissimus muscle was obtained from 18–21 animals per grade. Fatty acids were analyzed using a combination of silver-ion HPLC and GC with a highly polar 100 m column. There were no differences in total trans-18:1 content amongst grades, but adipose tissue from grade D1, D2 and D4 had more 11t-18:1 than YUTM (P < 0.05), whereas adipose tissue from YUTM carcasses had more 10t-18:1 than all other grades (P < 0.05). Adipose tissue from YUTM carcasses also had less total CLA (P < 0.05) than the D grades, mainly due to a lower level of 9c,11t-CLA, but they had slightly more 7t,9c-CLA and 10t,12c-CLA (P < 0.05). Adipose tissue from YOTM and D grades contained more n-3 fatty acids relative to YUTM (0.56% vs. 0.29%; P < 0.05) and lower n-6:n-3 ratios (P < 0.05). Overall, older animals (YOTM and D grades) had adipose tissue compositions with higher levels of fatty acids with reported health benefits. Taken together, these higher levels may provide opportunities for value added marketing if regulatory authorities allow claims for their enrichment based on demonstrated health benefits. Higher concentrations of beneficial fatty acids, however, need to be considered within the context of the complete fatty acid profile and it would be important to demonstrate their advantages in the presence of relatively high levels of saturated fatty acids. Key words: CLA, trans, vaccenic acid, rumenic acid, beef, adipose tissue

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of white adipose tissue and breast milk of Mauritian and French mothers and erythrocyte phospholipids of their full-term breast-fed infants

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prity Pugo-Gunsam ◽  
Philippe Guesnet ◽  
Anwar Hussein Subratty ◽  
Dev Anand Rajcoomar ◽  
Chantal Maurage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Erythrocyte Phospholipids ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acid compositions of white adipose tissue, colostrum and mature milk triacylglycerols from Mauritian (n 13) and French (n 15) women were analysed and compared in order to highlight cultural differences in dietary intakes and their influence on milk fatty acid composition. Erythrocyte phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine fatty acid compositions were also investigated in their term infants, breast-fed over a period of 6 weeks. Fatty acid composition (g/100 g) of all samples was determined by GLC and anthropometric measurements were assessed in the two populations at birth and on day 42. Comparisons of white adipose tissue fatty acid compositions demonstrated lower levels of saturated (23·64 (se 1·54) v. 29·75 (se 0·67), P < 0·01) and monounsaturated (39·44 (se 1·27) v. 54·84 (se 0·75), P < 0·001) fatty acids and higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n−6 series: 32·47 (se 1·31) v. 14·32 (se 0·47), P < 0·001 and n−3 series: 2·87 (se 0·49) v. 0·80 (se 0·07), P < 0·01) in Mauritian than in French samples respectively. Accordingly, milk fat of the Mauritian women contained higher levels of parent essential fatty acids and their longer-chain derivatives than did milk fat from French women. Higher levels of parent essential fatty acids but lower levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids were found in erythrocyte phospholipids of Mauritian infants compared with French infants. Infants' erythrocyte arachidonate and docosahexaenoate contents did not correlate with any anthropometric variables at birth or at day 42, neither did they correlate with anthropometric variation over the study period. Our results suggest the lack of a simple relationship between the amount of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk and their accretion in the erythrocyte phospholipids of breast-fed infants when provided concomitantly with high levels of both linoleic and α-linolenic acids in ratios which fall within recommended ranges.

Influence of weaning on carcass quality, fatty acid composition and meat quality in intensive lamb production systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sañudo ◽  
I. Sierra ◽  
J. L. Olleta ◽  
L. Martin ◽  
M. M. Campo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Quality Aspects

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of weaning and sex on various aspects of production and quality characteristics in 22 male and 18 female lambs of the Rasa Aragonesa local meat breed. Half the lambs were weaned (W) at 38 to 40 days and half were left unwearied (UW). Both groups were given ad libitum concentrates and cereal straw. Average farm weight was 22·1 kg at 78·3 days. Live-weight gain was significantly different between sexes but not between W and UW lambs. Dressing proportion was higher in UW lambs. Significant differences in fatness were found between W and UW lambs and between sex of lambs. Among the meat quality traits, W lambs had redder and UW lambs paler meat judged by colour a* and haem pigment concentration. No statistical differences were found in the other traits except flavour intensity, which was higher in UW (66·8) than in W (63·6) lambs on a 1 to 100 scale. All other eating quality aspects, in grilled m. longissimus lumborum slices, tended to be higher in UW lambs. The fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat depots differed significantly (intramuscular fat was more unsaturated and polyunsaturated). There were also differences between W and UW lambs in subcutaneous fat (higher unsaturated in W lambs). However in intramuscular fat composition only differences in polyunsaturated fatty acids (higher in UW lambs), but not in total unsaturated or saturated, were observed. Tatty acids of less than C16 chain length were higher, in both fat depots, in UW lambs than in W lambs reflecting greater incorporation of milk fatty acids. Palatability characteristics were not closely associated with fatty acid composition except that flavour intensity was correlated with total saturated fatty acids.

Genotype-related variations in subcutaneous fat composition in sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mezöszentgyörgyi ◽  
F. Husvéth ◽  
A. Lengyel ◽  
C. Szegleti ◽  
I. Komlósi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Female Progeny

AbstractThe aim of this research was to study the effect of genotype on the fatty acid composition in adult ewes and 5-to 6-month-old lambs of two mutton breeds (Suffolk and Pannon Sheep) and Booroola Merino. Samples of subcutaneous fat were obtained by surgical biopsy around the tailhead. Fatty acid composition of the adipose fat was determined by gas chromatography. Significant differences (P < 0·05) were found in the fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue among the three breeds. Suffolk showed a lower (P < 0·05) proportion of C12: 0 and C14: 0 fatty acids than the other two breeds. Considering the total quantity of saturated (TSFA) and the total quantity of unsaturated (TUFA) fatty acids, Booroola Merino showed a significantly (P < 0·05) higher proportion of TSFA and lower proportion of TUFA in their adipose tissue than the mutton genotypes (Suffolk and Pannon Sheep). Higher proportions of C18: 0, C18: 3 and C20: 1 (P < 0·05) but lower proportions of C12: 0, C14: 0, C16: 0, C16: 1 and C18: 2 (P < 0·05) were found in the subcutaneous fat of adult ewes than in that of their female progeny. Sex differences were also observed in the study. The proportions of saturated fatty acids were higher (P < 0·05) in female lambs than in males of the same age. These results indicate that a genetic approach may be useful to improve fatty acid composition of carcass lipids in sheep. However, age and sex differences also have to be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of meat and adipose tissue from Krškopolje pigs and commercial fatteners in Slovenia

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Furman ◽  
Š. Malovrh ◽  
A. Levart ◽  
M. Kovač
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract. The fatty acid composition of meat and subcutaneous adipose tissue of the indigenous Slovenian pig breed (Krškopolje, KP), which is raised extensively, was compared with that of commercial fatteners (CP) from intensive farms. Commercial fatteners were divided into three groups according to lean meat percentage: meaty, normal and fatty. The m. longissimus dorsi of Krškopolje pigs contained less C18:0 fatty acids than that of commercial fatteners and less C16:0 than that of the fatty group. The proportions of long chain fatty acids C20:4 n-6, C20:5 n-3 and C22:5 n-3 in the Krškopolje pigs and fatty groups were also significantly different. The highest proportion of essential C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 fatty acids were found in the meaty and normal groups. Intramuscular fat content of the m. longissimus dorsi did not differ between the Krškopolje pigs, and the fatty and normal groups. The Krškopolje pigs had the lowest proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), while both the Krškopolje pigs and the fatty group have a lower proportion of polysaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than the meaty group. The fatty group had a lower polyunsaturated : saturated fatty acid ratio than the meaty and normal groups. In the subcutaneous adipose tissue, Krškopolje pigs had the highest proportion of C18:1 n-9 and differed from the normal group in C18:0 content, from the fatty group in C16:1 n-7 and from the meaty and fatty groups in C18:2 n-6. Furthermore, the Krškopolje pigs had the highest monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and lower PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs proportions than the fatty group. The meaty group had a higher n-6 : n-3 PUFA ratio than the Krškopolje pigs.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

Depot fatty acids of Aberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle reared on hay and barley diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. F. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryAberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle were reared from 4 months of age to slaughter weight at 18–24 months on either high-barley or high-hay diets. Samples of subcutaneous fat were taken by biopsy at 3 monthly intervals, and the degree of fatness of each animal was estimated ultrasonically prior to slaughter, and by visual inspection of the carcasses.The barley-fed animals gained weight more rapidly, and fattened more quickly than the hay-fed animals with the Angus being fatter than the Friesian at the same age. The percentage stearic acid (C18:0) in subcutaneous fat decreased with age and was replaced by octadecenoic acid (C18:l) and hexadecenoic acid (C16:l), these changes being more rapid in barley-fed than in hay-fed animals. At the same degree of fatness the depot fats of the Friesians were more unsaturated than those of the Angus, and in both breeds the fatter the animal the more unsaturated was its depot fat.In the hay-fed cattle the percentage C16:0 in subcutaneous fat increased during the last half of the experiment and at slaughter the percentage C16:0 was significantly higher, and C18:l significantly lower, in all depot fats compared with those of the barley-fed animals.It is concluded that the fatty acid composition of bovine depot fats is modulated by the degree of fattening, and can be affected by diet.

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