scholarly journals An empirical test of exogenous growth models: Evidence from three southern African countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (220) ◽  
pp. 7-38
Author(s):  
Themba Chirwa ◽  
N.M. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Exogenous Growth

Institutions and geography: Empirical test of spatial growth models for European regions

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Arbia ◽  
Michele Battisti ◽  
Gianfranco Di Vaio
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Spatial Growth

Assessing the trend of HIV/AIDS mortality rate in Asia and North Africa: an application of latent growth models

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ZAYERI ◽  
E. TALEBI GHANE ◽  
N. BORUMANDNIA
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hiv Aids

SUMMARYOver the last 30 years, HIV/AIDS has emerged as a major global health challenge. This study evaluates the change of HIV/AIDS mortality rates in Asian and North African countries from 1990 to 2010 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. HIV/AIDS mortality rates were derived from the GBD database from 1990 to 2010, for 52 countries in Asia and North Africa. First, a Latent Growth Model was employed to assess the change in AIDS mortality rate over time in six different regions of Asia, and also the change in AIDS mortality rate over time for males and females in Asia and North Africa. Finally, Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMMs) were applied to identify distinct groups in which countries within each group have similar trends over time. Our results showed that increase in mortality rate over time for males is about three times greater than for females. The highest and lowest trend of AIDS mortality rates were observed in South-East Asia and high-income Asia-Pacific regions, respectively. The LGMM allocated most countries in the South and South-East region into two classes with the highest trend of AIDS mortality rates. Although the HIV/AIDS mortality rates are decreasing in some countries and clusters, the general trend in the Asian continent is upwards. Therefore, it is necessary to provide programmes to achieve the goal of access to HIV prevention measures, treatment, care, and support for high-risk groups, especially in countries with a higher trend of AIDS mortality rates.

Location Choice and Urban Growth in a Rent-Seeking Society

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce L. Benson ◽  
M. D. Faminow
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Location Theory ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Urban Growth Model

Gordon Tullock suggested that as rent-seeking becomes increasingly important, location choices and urban growth patterns will be affected. Resources should be diverted to cities where government units are most able to grant rents. The implications of this argument are expanded upon using principles of location theory and location-specific growth theory. An empirical test of an urban growth model provides support for Tullock's contentions. By considering rent seeking in the context of location and urban growth models, the implications of the rent-seeking paradigm are extended. Simultaneously, a more complete understanding of relative urban growth rates is gained.

scholarly journals Financial Liberalisation and Domestic Saving in Economic Development: An Empirical Test for Six Countries

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Abe ◽  
Maxwell J. Fry ◽  
Byoung Kyun Min ◽  
Pairoj Vongvipanond ◽  
Teh-Pei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Model ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Financial Wealth ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Financial Liberalisation ◽  
Real Returns ◽  
Neoclassical Growth

Despite a voluminous literature stressing the importance of financial development in the process of economic growth, a convincing theoretical framework was lacking until the recent publications of McKinnon [19] and Shaw [25]. Indeed, neoclassical growth theories provide, in the main, a negative role to the monetary process. Here, a reduction rather than an increase in real returns on financial wealth stimulates saving and investment. McKinnon and Shaw both take direct issue with the neoclassical proposition, showing that crucial assumptions in this paradigm are erroneous in the context of less developed countries. McKinnon produces an alternative model in which real money balances are complements rather than substitutes to tangible investment. Shaw rejects neoclassical growth models in favour of the debt-intermediation view which he himself pioneered in the 1950's.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment Encourage State Militarization and Reduce Societal Security? An Empirical Test, 1980–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra de Soysa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractScholars debate the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on poor societies. Apparently, FDI could embolden governments to securitize rather than reform, an argument put forth recently by (Kishi, Roudabeh, Maggio, Guiseppe, & Raleigh, Clionadh. (2017). Foreign investment and state conflicts in Africa. Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 23(3), https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2017-0007) who supply evidence within a sample of Sub Saharan African countries showing that FDI increases the number of conflict events. This study takes a critical view of their argument on conceptual and methodological grounds. Using new data for the entire world as well as a sample of developing countries, this study directly tests securitization as militarization measured as military spending and the size of armed forces and finds that several alternative measurements of the stock and flow of FDI reduces militarization, results that are robust to fixed effects estimations, Heckman selection models, and models with and without controls for ongoing armed conflict and interstate tension. Testing an Africa-only sample yields no statistically significant effects either way, but compared to the global sample, an interaction of FDI in Africa does show a positive effect. This result, however, is substantively very slight compared with the net effect of the African region where military spending is unusually greater than in other regions, but size of armed forces are smaller. These results are replicated using a measure of societal security capturing more than just the absence of war as measured by the World Economic Forum’s data. If FDI increases security without increasing militarization, then FDI is potentially a sound source of finance for poor countries. Case-study-based research might usefully unpack the political economy of defence spending in Africa and identify precisely how TNCs can be implicated in the story. Our results show, however, that generally, FDI might actually reduce militarization while increasing societal security beyond just the absence of armed violence.

scholarly journals TESTING DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ENDOGENOUS GROWTH MODELS: INDUSTRY EVIDENCE FOR THE NEW ZEALAND ECONOMY

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 89-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS-JÜRGEN ENGELBRECHT ◽  
NATHAN MCLELLAN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Exogenous Growth ◽  
Endogenous Growth Models

The endogenous growth literature can be broadly separated into two classes of growth models: Rival human capital models and non-rival "idea" models. Both classes differ in their positive and normative implications for growth. Following Klenow's (1998) approach, this paper uses industry panel data to investigate which class of growth models might be the most appropriate for the New Zealand economy: Exogenous growth, or one of the two classes of endogenous growth models. In contrast to Klenow's findings for the United States, in the New Zealand case rival human capital models seem more applicable, though none of the models correctly predicts all of the empirical relationships.

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