scholarly journals Remittances and health outcomes in Sub-Saharan African countries: Understanding the role of financial development and institutional quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (229) ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Uweis Bare ◽  
Yasmin Bani ◽  
Normaz Ismail ◽  
Anitha Rosland
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the highest recipients of remittances; however, this is inconsistent with the region?s growth and the state of its weak healthcare systems. This paper therefore analyses the effect of remittances on health outcomes for 39 selected SSA countries over the period 1996 to 2016. It considers the channels through which remittances affect health outcomes, including financial development and institutional quality. Using dynamic panel estimation, we find that remittances sustain health outcomes, while both financial development and institutional quality complement remittances in this respect. SSA countries should therefore continue to improve their financial sectors and develop the quality of institutions to an adequate level. Achieving sound financial systems and institutions would both allow and attract a substantial amount of remittances, benefitting human capital and health outcomes and alleviating poverty.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 156-177
Author(s):  
Aliyu Alhaji Jibrilla
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Pooled Mean Group ◽  
Sub Saharan

This study addresses the question of financial development and institutional quality influence on the environmental sustainability of some 13 countries from the sub-Saharan Africa. Relying upon pooled mean group (PMG) for panel data, we provide evidence which suggest that both financial development and institutional quality are statistically significant determinants of per capita carbon dioxide emissions in the region. More specifically, we found that without healthy institutions and sound financial system sub-Saharan African countries might not avoid environmental degradation experienced by advanced nations during their early stage of economic progress. Our results also support the EKC hypothesis in the region.  In addition, the paper also shows that more openness to FDI inflows is good for the environment across the SSA. These findings suggest the need for institutional and financial service reform that supports robust environmental conservation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Public Debt Burden and Health Expenditure in Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Role of Institutional Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusmawati Said ◽  
Abdullahi Sani Morai
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

The historically lower level of public health expenditure of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries could be partly explained by the mounting debt burden of this region. This consumes a sizable proportion of their domestic resources to debt servicing and potentially decreases their overall budgetary allocations to various sectors in the economy and health expenditure in particular. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach on a sample of 43 sub-Saharan African countries, we examined the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure highlighting the role of institutional quality for the period 2000 – 2014. The empirical result confirms that the relationship between public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is negative. Interestingly, however, the marginal effect of the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure has shown that such a negative relationship turns out to be positive when the quality of the institutions is at maximum. This suggests that the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is a function of institutional quality.  Therefore, to minimize the negative impact of public debt on health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa, governments should take determine stand to minimize its debt accumulation and intensify efforts toward the improvement of institutional quality in the region comprehensively.

scholarly journals Infrastructure and Manufacturing Value Added in Sub-Saharan African Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obianuju Nnadozie ◽  
Isiaka Akande Raifu
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Panel Estimation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract This paper examines the nexus between infrastructure and manufacturing value added (MVA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It employs panel data for 34 SSA countries spanning 2003 to 2018. The empirical results obtained from the static and dynamic panel estimation techniques applied suggest that infrastructure is essential for the improvement of manufacturing value added in SSA. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the infrastructure-MVA nexus varies by infrastructure types (electricity, transportation, information and communication technology (ICT) and water and sanitation) and across the different sub-regions that make up SSA. This study therefore posits that massive investment in infrastructure is a viable policy option for enhancing the growth and development of the manufacturing sector in SSA.

scholarly journals The Role of Institutions in the Finance-Inequality Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Ngozi Adeleye ◽  
Evans Osabuohien ◽  
Ebenezer Bowale
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Domestic Credit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
Control Of Corruption ◽  
Ssa Countries

This study contributes to the literature on income inequality by providing evidence that financial development not only impacts income distribution, but the effects can improve when there is a strong institutional framework. Using the system-generalised method of moments (sys-GMM) technique on a sample of 42 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from 1996 to 2015, our major findings are summarised as follows: (1) inequality is persistent in the region (2) financial development does not significantly reduce income inequality; and (3) the control of corruption and its interaction with domestic credit exhibit an inverted-U relation with income inequality. Thus, policies that will reduce income inequality require that corruption be controlled given increase in domestic credit. JEL Codes: F36; G21; O15

Financing Energy Access in Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kayode Oniemola ◽  
Jane Ezirigwe
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Diesel Motors

To achieve universal energy access will attract huge capital investments. If sub-Saharan Africa is to realize anything close to the ambitious goals set for its energy access, then new actors, innovative funding mechanisms and sustainable technologies will have to be attracted. Finance is needed for activities such as rural electrification, clean cooking facilities, diesel motors and generators, other renewable energy technologies, oil and gas infrastructures, etc. Finance is also needed in research and development of suitable technologies and funding options as well as investment in the capacity to formulate and implement sound energy policies. This chapter examines the varied financing options for energy access in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that with appropriate laws in place and effective mechanism for implementation, African countries can significantly engage private sector financing, international financial institutions and foreign donors. The role of the law here will be in creating an enabling environment for financing.

scholarly journals Shaping the Role of sub-Saharan African Nurses and Midwives: Stakeholder’s perceptions of the Nurses’ and Midwives’ tasks and roles

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi M. Seboni ◽  
Mabel K.M. Magowe ◽  
Leana R. Uys ◽  
Mary B. Suh ◽  
Komba N. Djeko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Future Of Nursing ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

To explore the role expectations of different stakeholders in the health care system on the roles and tasks that nurses and midwives perform, in order to clarify and strengthen these roles and shape the future of nursing education and practice in sub-Saharan Africa. Qualitative focus group discussions were held with different stakeholders (nurses, health service managers, patients and their caregivers, community members and leaders and other health professionals) in eight African countries in order to establish their role expectations of nurses and midwives. Three questions about their role expectations and the interviews were taped, transcribed, and translated into English and analysed. There was consensus amongst the stakeholders regarding eight role functions: taking care of patients; giving health information; managing the care environment; advocating for patients; services and policies; providing emergency care; collaborating with other stakeholders; and providing midwifery care to women, infants and their families. There was disagreement amongst the stakeholders about the role of diagnosis and prescribing treatment. Nursing derives its mandate from communities it serves, and the roles expected must therefore form part of nursing regulation, education and practice standards. Health planners must use these as a basis for job descriptions and rewards. Once these are accepted in the training and regulation of nursing, they must be marketed so that recipients are aware thereof.Om die rol verwagtings van verskillende rolspelers in die gesondheidsisteem aangaande die rolle en take van die verpleegkundiges en vroedvroue te ondersoek, om daardeur uitklaring en helderheid en bekragtiging van hierdie rolle te verkry, waardeur die toekoms van verpleeg-onderwys en praktyk in sub-Sahara Afrika gevorm kan word. Kwalitatiewe fokus groepe is met verskillende rolspelers (verpleegkundiges, gesondheidsdiens bestuurders, pasiënte en hulle versorgers, lede van die gemeenskap, leiers en lede van andere gesondheidsprofessies) in agt Afrika lande gehou om hul rolverwagtings van verpleegkundiges en vroedvroue te bepaal. Drie vrae is oor die rolverwagtings gevra. Die onderhoude is opgeneem, getranskribeer, in Engels vertaal, en geanaliseer. Daar was konsensus tussen rolspelers oor agt rol funksies: versorging van pasiënte; die gee van gesondheidsinligting; bestuur van die sorgomgewing; voorspraak vir pasiënte; dienste en beleid; voorsiening van nooddienste; samewerking met ander rolspelers; en voorsiening aan moeder en kindersorg vir vroue en hul gesinne. Ooreenstemming is nie bereik aangaande die rol van diagnose en voorskryf van behandeling nie. Verpleging kry sy mandaat van die gemeenskappe wat gedien word en daarom behoort die rolverwagtings deel te vorm van verpleeg-regulasie, onderwys en praktyk- standaarde. Gesondheidsdiensbeplanners behoort hierdie verwagtings as basis te gebruik vir werksbeskrywings en erkenning. Na die aanvaarding van hierdie verwagtings in verpleegopleiding en regulering, moet dit bekend gemaak word sodat die gemeenskap daarvan bewus is. 

More Finance or Better Finance in Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle: Evidence from SSA Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Dolapo Raheem
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
Financial Reforms ◽  
Retention Coefficient ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Saving Retention ◽  
Ssa Countries ◽  
Domestic Resource

This study examined the role of financial development in the Feldstein–Horioka (FH) puzzle for 31 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries for the period 1999–2011. Unlike previous studies that used traditional measures of finance (‘more finance’), we advocated for superior measures of financial development (‘better finance’). The baseline regression shows that ‘more finance’ increases the FH estimate, while ‘better finance’ serves as drag to the same retention coefficients. The reverse of these results was obtained when the baseline regression was extended to account for the interaction between savings and proxies for finance. The results obtained show a considerable improvement in the saving retention coefficient when ‘better finance’ was used as against ‘more finance’. This concretely reinforces the superior role of ‘better finance’ in mobilizing, distributing and utilizing savings for investment within these economies. Based on these findings, domestic resource mobilization can be a veritable vehicle for plugging the substantial investment gap in these SSA economies. However, such policy thrust must be complemented by far-reaching financial reforms.

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