A study of the influence of ultraviolet radiation on di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate leaching from poly(vinyl chloride) medical devices

The influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the leaching of di(2- -ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from 8 different parts of plastic medical devices made of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) that are used in two important medical procedures (peritoneal dialysis and transfusion) was investigated. The investigation was performed for three different extraction times (6, 15 and 30 days). DEHP determination was realized by gas chromatography?mass spectrometry (GC-EI? ?MS). All the investigated samples contained a significant amount of DEHP. The results showed that some of the set for peritoneal dialysis contained DEHP in higher amounts than samples from the transfusion set. All samples of tubing material showed higher concentration levels of DEHP than the coupled bags. Results obtained after UV treatment showed that UV radiation has a certain influence on DEHP leaching from samples of PVC medical devices. The smallest difference was in the case of the quadruple blood bag from the transfusion set (about 73 % remained), while the biggest difference was obtained for the SAG-M transfer bag, also from the transfusion set, where just 25 % of total content of DEHP remained. The results obtained for DEHP leaching from investigated samples by time showed that most of the samples showed significant differences in the amounts of DEHP leached after 6 and 30 days.

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Identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of vinyl chloride oligomers and other low-molecular-weight components in poly(vinyl chloride) resins for food packaging applications

Journal of Chromatography A ◽

10.1016/s0021-9673(00)83231-8 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 237 (2) ◽

pp. 249-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. Gilbert ◽

M.J. Shepherd ◽

J.R. Startin ◽

M.A. Wallwork

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Vinyl Chloride ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

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Aqueous leaching of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and “green” plasticizers from poly(vinyl chloride)

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 432 ◽

pp. 357-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Joshua Kastner ◽

David G. Cooper ◽

Milan Marić ◽

Patrick Dodd ◽

Viviane Yargeau

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Chloride ◽

Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽

Ethylhexyl Phthalate

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Influence of Plasticizer-Free CAPD Bags and Tubings on Serum, Urine, and Dialysate Levels of Phthalic Acid Esters in CAPD Patients

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686080002000115 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 80-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Thomas Mettang ◽

Christiane Pauli–Magnus ◽

Dominik Mark Alscher ◽

Judith Kirchgessner ◽

Roman Wodarz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Phthalic Acid ◽

Phthalate Esters ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Free System ◽

Urine Concentrations ◽

The Impact ◽

Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽

Acid Esters

Objectives To evaluate the impact of a plasticizer-free device on exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its major metabolites in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). DEHP is the most commonly used plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products; it is added to CAPD bags in order to improve the flexibility of the material. Since DEHP leaches out of the plastic matrix, patients on CAPD are exposed to considerable amounts of DEHP and its metabolites. Design A prospective cross-over study. Setting Department of nephrology in a teaching hospital. Participants Six patients (4 female, 2 male) stable on peritoneal dialysis (PD) for at least 6 months. Interventions Patients were switched from a plasticizer-containing PVC CAPD system (A.N.D.Y. Plus, Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany) to a polyolefine-made plasticizer-free system (stay-safe, Fresenius). Main Outcome Measures Prior to and 42 days after the switch, 24-hour effluent dialysate and urine collections were performed and 10 mL blood was drawn. Concentrations of DEHP, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), phthalic acid (PA), and 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH) in urine, dialysate, and serum were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results Complete data were obtained from 5 patients. Serum levels of PA decreased significantly during the study period (0.137 ± 0.078 mg/L vs 0.124 ± 0.049 mg/L, p = 0.04), and the respective levels of DEHP decreased insignificantly (0.097 ± 0.076 mg/L vs 0.069 ± 0.046 mg/L, p = 0.07), whereas the concentrations of MEHP and 2-EH remained unchanged. Urine concentrations of PA were high (0.81 ± 0.69 mg/L) but did not change substantially (0.70 ± 0.50 mg/L). Effluent dialysate concentrations of MEHP and PA decreased significantly (0.0176 ± 0.004 mg/L vs 0.0040 ± 0.0007 mg/L, p = 0.043 and 0.158 ± 0.056 mg/L vs 0.111 ± 0.051 mg/L, p = 0.043, respectively). Conclusions Although PD patients seem to be exposed to other sources of phthalates in addition to dialysis, use of plasticizer-free devices may help to reduce potentially immunosuppressive exposure to phthalate esters.

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