scholarly journals The incidence and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Marjanovic ◽  
Vesna Novak ◽  
Ljubinka Velickovic ◽  
Goran Marjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Chest Injury ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Introduction. Patients with severe traumatic brain injury are at a risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, etiology, risk factors for development of ventilator- associated pneumonia and outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Material and Methods. A retrospective study was done in 72 patients with severe traumatic brain injury, who required mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. Results. Ventilator-associated pneumonia was found in 31 of 72 (43.06%) patients with severe traumatic brain injury. The risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia were: prolonged mechanical ventilation (12.42 vs 4.34 days, p<0.001), longer stay at intensive care unit (17 vs 5 days, p<0.001) and chest injury (51.61 vs 19.51%, p< 0.009) compared to patients without ventilator-associated pneumonia.. The mortality rate in the patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia was higher (38.71 vs 21.95%, p= 0.12). Conclusion. The development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury led to the increased morbidity due to the prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer stay at intensive care unit and chest injury, but had no effect on mortality.

Persistent Hyperglycemia in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Independent Predictor of Outcome

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Salim ◽  
Pantelis Hadjizacharia ◽  
Joseph Dubose ◽  
Carlos Brown ◽  
Kenji Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Persistent Hyperglycemia

In patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), admission hyperglycemia is associated with poor outcome. The effect of persistent hyperglycemia (PH) on outcome in severe TBI, however, remains unknown. We performed a retrospective review of all blunt trauma patients with severe TBI (head Abbreviated Injury Score ≥ 3) admitted to the intensive care unit at a Level I trauma center from January 1998 through December 2005. Admission and daily intensive care unit blood glucose levels up to the end of the first week were measured. PH was defined as an average daily blood glucose ≥ 150 mg/dL on all days for the first week of the hospital stay. TBI patients with and without PH were compared with respect to baseline demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes. Independent risk factors for mortality were identified using logistic regression analysis. One hundred and five (12.6%) out of 834 severe TBI patients had PH. Patients with PH were older, more severely injured, and had worse head injury compared with patients without PH. After adjusting for significant risk factors, PH was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality (odds ratio (OR): 4.91 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.88–8.56, P < 0.0001]). PH is associated with significantly higher mortality rates in severe TBI patients.

Analysis of diagnostic criteria for ventilator-associated pneumonia: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gonçalves Pustiglione Campos ◽  
Aline Pacheco ◽  
Maria Dagmar da Rocha Gaspar ◽  
Guilherme Arcaro ◽  
Péricles Martim Reche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the diagnostic criteria for ventilator-associated pneumonia recommended by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency and the National Healthcare Safety Network/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as its risk factors. Methods: retrospective cohort study carried out in an intensive care unit throughout 12 months, in 2017. Analyses included chi-square, simple linear regression, and Kappa statistical tests and were conducted using Stata 12 software. Results: the sample was 543 patients who were in the intensive care unit and under mechanical ventilation, of whom 330 (60.9%) were men and 213 (39.1%) were women. Variables such as gender, age, time under mechanical ventilation, and oral hygiene proved to be significant risk factors for the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Conclusions: patients submitted to mechanical ventilation need to be constantly evaluated so the used diagnostic methods can be accurate and applied in an objective and standardized way in Brazilian hospitals.

Risk Factors Associated With Pressure Ulcers in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110504
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Yoon ◽  
Ok-Hee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Braden Scale

Pressure injuries (PIs) are one of the most important and frequent complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or those with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of PIs in patients with TBI admitted to the ICU. In this retrospective study, the medical records of 237 patients with TBI admitted to the trauma ICU of a university hospital were examined. Demographic, trauma-related, and treatment-related characteristics of all the patients were evaluated from their records. The incidence of PIs was 13.9%, while the main risk factors were a higher injury severity score, use of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor infusion, lower Braden Scale score, fever, and period of enteral feeding. This study advances the nursing practice in the ICU by predicting the development of PIs and their characteristics in patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Decrease number of deaths related to severe traumatic brain injury in intensive care unit during the first lockdown in Normandy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 100620
Author(s):  
F. Rault ◽  
L. Terrier ◽  
A. Leclerc ◽  
V. Gilard ◽  
E. Emery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

scholarly journals Clinical Care Needs of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Intensive Care Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrollah Alimohammadi ◽  
Marzieh Ziaeirad ◽  
Alireza Irajpour ◽  
Bahram Aminmansour
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Care Needs
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