In vitro and in vivo effects of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus sp. on Fusarium acuminatum, Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus niger infecting Cucumber

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) is an important member of the Cucurbitaceae family. Production of healthy nursery is necessary for high-quality production of this crop in greenhouses and in fields. With the idea of minimizing the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers to preserve soil quality, we investigated the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on growth promotion and protection of cucumber plants from phytopathogenic fungi. The effects of Pseudomonas spp. strains with different antifungal activities and Bacillus sp. Q10 strain with PGP activity were tested on cucumber plants. Antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas spp. against the growth of several phytopathogenic fungi isolated from cucumber: F. acuminatum, B. cinerea and A. niger, was observed. The influences of overnight cultures, supernatants and heat-stable antifungal factors were tested on the phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. Pseudomonas sp. K35 and K24 strains were more effective than P. chlororaphis Q16 and Pseudomonas sp. K27, showing 70-80% of fungal growth inhibition regardless of culture or fraction applied. The good antagonists that belong to pseudomonads and Bacillus sp. Q10 strain were used as mixtures for estimation of plant growth and health promoting effects on cucumber plants. Growth dynamics differed depending on the applied strain of Pseudomonas sp. The M3 treatment (a mixture of Bacillus sp. Q10 and P. chlororaphis Q16) stimulated the initial phase of growth, while M4 (a mixture of Bacillus sp. Q10 and Pseudomonas sp. K24) resulted in the maximal height at the final measurement. Significant differences in leaf and plant weight (M4), and leaf weight (M5, containing K35 strain) were found after the treatments. No significant differences in chlorophyll and NBI level were observed in any of the tested combinations. The obtained results suggested that M3 was suitable for stimulation of the early phase of cucumber growth, while the mixtures M4 and M5 improved plant protection and stimulated the later phases of cucumber growth.

Download Full-text

Compatibility of Azospirillum brasilense with Pesticides Used for Treatment of Maize Seeds

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/8833879 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mariana S. Santos ◽

Artur B. L. Rondina ◽

Marco A. Nogueira ◽

Mariangela Hungria

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Root Hair ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Root Volume ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Seed treatment with chemical pesticides is commonly used as an initial plant protection procedure against pests and diseases. However, the use of such chemicals may impair the survival and performance of beneficial microorganisms introduced via inoculants, such as the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. We assessed the compatibility between the most common pesticide used in Brazil for the treatment of maize seeds, composed of two fungicides, and one insecticide, with the commercial strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 of A. brasilense, and evaluated the impacts on initial plant development. The toxicity of the pesticide to A. brasilense was confirmed, with an increase in cell mortality after only 24 hours of exposure in vitro. Seed germination and seedling growth were not affected neither by the A. brasilense nor by the pesticide. However, under greenhouse conditions, the pesticide affected root volume and dry weight and root-hair incidence, but the toxicity was alleviated by the inoculation with A. brasilense for the root volume and root-hair incidence parameters. In maize seeds inoculated with A. brasilense, the pesticide negatively affected the number of branches, root-hair incidence, and root-hair length. Therefore, new inoculant formulations with cell protectors and the development of compatible pesticides should be searched to guarantee the benefits of inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of Biogenic silver nanoparticles using plant growth-promoting bacteria: Potential use as biocontrol agent against phytopathogens

Biomaterials and Polymers Horizon ◽

10.37819/bph.001.01.0130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22-31

Author(s):

Divya Mittal ◽

Arun Kumar ◽

Bhuvaneshwari Balasubramaniam ◽

Rahul Thakur ◽

Samarjeet Singh Siwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Silver Nps ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Potential Use

Biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) derived from microbes present an excellent opportunity to deal with various challenges in medicine, diagnosis, environment and agriculture. In the area of agriculture sciences, researchers are facing challenges related to excessive utilization of pesticides which can be answered by utilizing plant growth-promoting (PGP) microbes. Herein, we have employed the culture filtrate of two PBP bacteria strains, Serratia marcescens and Burkholderia cepacia to prepare biogenic silver NPs. The biogenic silver NPs were characterized by various techniques viz. UV-VIS spectroscopy, SEM, XRD and FTIR. The biogenic AgNPs were able to control the growth of phytopathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium sp., and Rosellinia sp. by more than 80% as examined by in vitro growth reduction on agar medium. Very significantly, the growth inhibition of seedlings by phytopathogenic fungi was efficiently rescued using biogenic AgNPs derived from PGP bacteria. These results indicate the potential use of biogenic NPs to reduce the burden of chemical-based pesticides.

Download Full-text

IN VITRO FORMATION OF ASSOCIATED BIOFILMS BY TRICHODERMA SPP. AND PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA (PGPB)

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽

10.31163/2618-964x-2020-3-3-324-330 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 324-330

Author(s):

N.F. Galimzianova ◽

◽

G.E. Aktuganov ◽

T.F. Boyko ◽

E.A. Gilavnova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Protection ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Fungal Mycelium ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Plant Growth Promoting

The capability to formation of combined biofilms by the fungi from Trichoderma genus and several PGP-bacteria including Pseudomonas extremaustralis, P. koreensis, P. mandelii and Advenella kashmirensis has been demonstrated. The strains of Trichoderma used in the experiment not only exert antagonism to phytopathogenic fungi, but also accelerate the decomposition of plant residues. It was found that microscopic fungi whose mycelial structure offers advantages in reaching and assimilating of nutrient substrates, during their growth can favor to directional moving of bacteria cells. The explored bacterial strains moved along the fungal mycelium on the surface of the medium, and in areas where the medium was absent, the bacteria moved inside the hyphae, leaving them when the mycelium reached the substrate. The findings evidence the potential of considered microorganisms for developing of a new generation multifunctional biopreparation for agriculture, contributing not only to crop yield increase and plant protection against phytopathogenic fungi, but also maintaining soil fertility.

Download Full-text

Isolation and Characterization of Salt Tolerant Endophytic and Rhizospheric Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Associated with the Halophyte Plant (Sesuvium Verrucosum) Grown in KSA

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13440 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 552-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohamed A.M. El-Awady ◽

Mohamed M. Hassan ◽

Yassin M. Al-Sodany

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Exponential Growth Phase ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Growth Promoting

This study was designed to isolate and characterize endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria associated with the halophyte plant Sesuvium verrucosum, grown under extreme salinity soil in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The plant growth promotion activities of isolated bacterial were evaluated in vitro. A total of 19 salt tolerant endophytic and rhizospheric bacterial isolates were obtained and grouped into six according to genetic similarity based on RAPD data. These six isolates were identified by amplification and partial sequences of 16S rDNA as Enterobacter cancerogenus,Vibrio cholerae, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and two Enterobacter sp. Isolates were then grown until exponential growth phase to evaluate the atmospheric nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and production of phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid, as well as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. While, All of the six strains were negative for ACC deaminaseactivity, two isolates showed Nitrogen fixation activity, three isolates produce the plant hormone (Indole acetic acid) and two isolates have the activity of solubiliztion of organic phosphate. Among the six isolates, the isolate (R3) from the soil around the roots is able to perform the three previous growth promoting possibilities together and it is ideal for use in promoting the growth of plants under the high salinity conditions. This isolate is candidate to prepare a friendly biofertelizer that can be used for the improvement of the crops performance under salinity conditions.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 552-560

Download Full-text

Exploitation of endophytic Pseudomonas sp. for plant growth promotion and colonization in rice

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i3.1359 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1310-1316

Author(s):

Gurjot Kaur ◽

Poonam Sharma ◽

Deepika Chhabra ◽

Kailash Chand ◽

Gurjit Singh Mangat

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promotion ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Acc Deaminase ◽

Pseudomonas Sp ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Pgp Traits ◽

P Solubilization ◽

Fluorescent Pigment

The present investigation was carried out to exploit bacterial endophytes associated with root and leaf tissue of rice plant for plant growth promotion (PGP) and colonization study in vitro. Total 10 endophytic bacterial isolates (Pseudomonas sp.) were evaluate for PGP traits like P solubilization, production of Indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, ACC deaminase, protease, cellulase, fluorescent pigment, urease and denitrification activity. Out of 10 endophytic bacteria 30 %, 60 %, 20 %, 70 %, 10 % and 10 % were positive for siderophore, protease, cellulase, fluorescent pigment, urease and denitrification respectively. Maximum IAA production was recorded with isolate LRBLE7 (18.8 μgml-1) followed by LRBRE4 (16.0 μgml-1) and maximum P-solubilization was recorded with isolate LRBRE4 (5.8 mg 100 ml-1) followed by LRBLE7 (4.4 mg 100 ml-1). ACC deaminase production was recorded with isolate LRBLE6 (O.D=0.352 nm) followed by LRBRE5 (O.D=0.324nm). Three potential isolates (LRBRE4, LRBRE6 and LRBLE7) were selected on the basis of multiple PGP traits and were subjected to colonization study of rice seedling in vitro. Potential bacterial isolates can be exploited for improving growth and productivity in rice under sustainable management system.

Download Full-text

Effects of the Biofertilizer OYK (Bacillus sp.) Inoculation on Endophytic Microbial Community in Sweet Potato

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae6040081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Ahsanul Salehin ◽

Md Hafizur Rahman Hafiz ◽

Shohei Hayashi ◽

Fumihiko Adachi ◽

Kazuhito Itoh

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Bacterial Composition ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) grows well even in infertile and nitrogen-limited fields, and endophytic bacterial communities have been proposed to be responsible for this ability. Plant-growth-promoting bacteria are considered eco-friendly and are used in agriculture, but their application can interact with endophytic communities in many ways. In this study, a commercial biofertilizer, OYK, consisting of a Bacillus sp., was applied to two cultivars of sweet potato, and the effects on indigenous endophytic bacterial communities in field conditions were examined. A total of 101 bacteria belonging to 25 genera in 9 classes were isolated. Although the inoculated OYK was not detected and significant plant-growth-promoting effects were not observed, the inoculation changed the endophytic bacterial composition, and the changes differed between the cultivars, as follows: Novosphingobium in α-Proteobacteria was dominant; it remained dominant in Beniharuka after the inoculation of OYK, while it disappeared in Beniazuma, with an increase in Sphingomonas and Sphingobium in α-Proteobacteria as well as Chryseobacterium and Acinetobacter in Flavobacteria. The behavior of Bacilli and Actinobacteria also differed between the cultivars. The Shannon diversity index (H) increased after inoculation in all conditions, and the values were similar between the cultivars. Competition of the inoculant with indigenous rhizobacteria and endophytes may determine the fates of the inoculant and the endophytic community.

Download Full-text

Bacillus velezensis 83 a bacterial strain from mango phyllosphere, useful for biological control and plant growth promotion

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-020-01101-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karina A. Balderas-Ruíz ◽

Patricia Bustos ◽

Rosa I. Santamaria ◽

Víctor González ◽

Sergio Andrés Cristiano-Fajardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Bacillus Velezensis

Abstract Bacillus velezensis 83 was isolated from mango tree phyllosphere of orchards located in El Rosario, Sinaloa, México. The assessment of this strain as BCA (biological control agent), as well as PGPB (plant growth-promoting bacteria), were demonstrated through in vivo and in vitro assays. In vivo assays showed that B. velezensis 83 was able to control anthracnose (Kent mangoes) as efficiently as chemical treatment with Captan 50 PH™ or Cupravit hidro™. The inoculation of B. velezensis 83 to the roots of maize seedlings yielded an increase of 12% in height and 45% of root biomass, as compared with uninoculated seedlings. In vitro co-culture assays showed that B. velezensis 83 promoted Arabidopsis thaliana growth (root and shoot biomass) while, under the same experimental conditions, B. velezensis FZB42 (reference strain) had a suppressive effect on plant growth. In order to characterize the isolated strain, the complete genome sequence of B. velezensis 83 is reported. Its circular genome consists of 3,997,902 bp coding to 3949 predicted genes. The assembly and annotation of this genome revealed gene clusters related with plant-bacteria interaction and sporulation, as well as ten secondary metabolites biosynthetic gene clusters implicated in the biological control of phytopathogens. Despite the high genomic identity (> 98%) between B. velezensis 83 and B. velezensis FZB42, they are phenotypically different. Indeed, in vitro production of compounds such as surfactin and bacillomycin D (biocontrol activity) and γ-PGA (biofilm component) is significantly different between both strains.

Download Full-text

Inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria Bacillus sp. YM-1 alleviates the toxicity of Pb to pakchoi

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-018-2802-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (28) ◽

pp. 28216-28225 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sumei Yu ◽

Jinsong Liang ◽

Xin Bai ◽

Liying Dong ◽

Xuesheng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Download Full-text

Enhancement of verticillium wilt resistance in tomato transplants by in vitro co-culture of seedlings with a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (Pseudomonas sp. strain PsJN)

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w98-017 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 528-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

V K Sharma ◽

J Nowak

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Plant Growth Promotion ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Pseudomonas Sp ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

The potential utilization of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain PsJN, to enhance the resistance of tomato transplants to verticillium wilt was investigated. Plant growth and disease development were tested on the disease-susceptible cultivar Bonny Best after Verticillium dahliae infection of tissue culture plantlets bacterized in vitro (by co-culturing with the bacterium) and seedlings bacterized in vivo (after 3 weeks growth in the greenhouse). Significant differences in both disease suppression and plant growth were obtained between in vitro bacterized and nonbacterized (control) plants. The degree of protection afforded by in vitro bacterization depended on the inoculum density of V. dahliae; the best and worst protection occurred at the lowest (103 conidia ·mL-1) and highest (106 conidia ·mL-1) levels, respectively. In contrast, the in vivo bacterized tomatoes did not show plant growth promotion when compared to the nonbacterized control plants. When challenged with Verticillium, significant growth differences between in vivo bacterized plants (26.8% for shoot height) and nonbacterized controls were only seen at the 3rd week after inoculation. Compared with the in vitro inoculation, there was no delay in the verticillium wilt symptom expression, even at the lowest concentration of V. dahliae, by in vivo PsJN inoculation. These results suggest that endophytic colonization of tomato tissues is required for the Verticillium-resistance responses. Plant growth promotion preceeds the disease-resistance responses and may depend on the colonization thresholds and subsequent sensitization of hosts.Key words: Pseudomonas sp., plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Verticillium dahliae, tomato, colonization, plant growth promotion, disease suppression.

Download Full-text

Interaction among endophytic bacteria, sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars and chemical nitrogen fertilization

FEMS Microbiology Ecology ◽

10.1093/femsec/fiaa245 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Heijo ◽

Cecilia Taulé ◽

Cintia Mareque ◽

Adriano Stefanello ◽

Emanuel M Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Production Systems ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

Abstract The application of new agricultural technologies to attain sustainable production systems is necessary. The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria to improve plant growth and health has been studied for decades. This work aimed to isolate diazotrophic endophytic bacteria associated with sweet sorghum plants and study the interaction of their inoculation in combination with chemical N-fertilization on different sorghum cultivars. A bacterial collection of 181 isolates was constructed and characterized in vitro and in vivo. From that, the strains Enterobacter sp. UYSB89 and Kosakonia sp. UYSB139 were nifH+, produce IAA, defined as true endophytes and able to promote growth of two sweet sorghum under greenhouse conditions. The evaluated cultivars responded differentially to bacterial inoculation, the nitrogen fertilization doses and their interaction. Thus, plant growth is a multifactorial consequence of the interrelation between crop practices and the plant genotypes. This knowledge is a valuable factor in terms of understanding plant-bacteria endophyte interactions to preserve environmental sustainability during the implementation of agronomic practices.

Download Full-text