scholarly journals Dual elaboration models in attitude change processes

Psihologija ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Zezelj
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Message Source ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Dual Process Theories

This article examines empirical and theoretical developments in research on attitude change in the past 50 years. It focuses the period from 1980 till present as well as cognitive response theories as the dominant theoretical approach in the field. The postulates of Elaboration Likelihood Model, as most-researched representative of dual process theories are studied, based on review of accumulated research evidence. Main research findings are grouped in four basic factors: message source, message content, message recipient and its context. Most influential criticisms of the theory are then presented regarding its empirical base and dual process assumption. Some possible applications and further research perspectives are discussed at the end.

scholarly journals Valence framing of political preferences and resistance to persuasion

Psihologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Zezelj ◽  
Milan Skoric ◽  
Slaven Bogdanovic ◽  
Dejan Hristic ◽  
Dusan Stokic
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Resistance To Persuasion ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Dual Process Theories

This study tested the "valence framing effect": an assumption that negatively conceptualized attitudes (as opposing the non-preferred alternative) are more resistant to later persuasion attempts. In the experiment we created choice between two political candidates and experimental subjects were led to conceptualize their political preferences in one of two possible ways: either as supporting the preferred candidate or as opposing the non-preferred candidate. The data indicate that negative preferences show less overall change when exposed to counterarguments. This finding can be incorporated in two theoretical frameworks: dual process theories of attitude change (Elaboration likelihood model) and descriptive decision making theories (Prospect theory). Results are discussed for their implications for the efficacy of political communication. .

Effects of evaluative (in-)consistency and perceived self-efficacy on attitude formation *This research was supported by Grant Jo 182/2 from the “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)”. The present experiments were conducted in partial fullfilment of the first author's requirements for a doctoral degree at the University of Tübingen, under the direction of the other two authors. We would like to thank Jörg Conzelmann, Denis Fischer, Anja Rüther, Mechthild Weber, and Felix Weichholt for carrying out the experiments, Diana Raysz, and several anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper.

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Broemer ◽  
Klaus Jonas ◽  
Michael Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Systematic Processing ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
The University ◽  
Consistent Information ◽  
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

In accordance with dual-process theories of attitude change, we predict that attitude judgments about unfamiliar objects are affected by the evaluative inconsistency of relevant attributes. Drawing upon self-efficacy theory, we further predict that individuals' perceived self-efficacy moderates the effect of inconsistency on attitude latencies: Individuals with high perceived self-efficacy in regard to systematic processing are expected to persist in their judgmental process and to show deliberative processing when information is inconsistent but not when it is consistently positive or consistently negative. Evaluatively consistent information should lead to an elimination of or even a reversal of this difference between high- and low-efficacy individuals. The results of two experiments are supportive of these hypotheses.

Content Versus Source Cue Information as a Basis for Credibility Judgments

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Reinhard ◽  
Siegfried L. Sporer
Keyword(s):  
Dual Process ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Task Involvement ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
Source Cues ◽  
Deceptive Communication ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Basic assumptions of dual-process theories are used to explain the process of credibility attribution. Three experiments test the assumption that high task involvement leads to intensive processing of content information, whereas low task involvement leads to the use of noncontent information like source cues when people make credibility judgments. In Experiment 1, as predicted, when task involvement is low, only source attractiveness influences credibility attributions; when task involvement is high, content information also influences credibility attributions. Experiments 2 and 3 replicate these results with different source cue and message content manipulations. These findings demonstrate the fruitfulness of applying basic assumptions of dual-process theories to the field of deceptive communication research. Practical implications for forensic credibility assessment are outlined.

“Judging a Book by Its Cover”: The Dominance of Delivery Over Content When Perceiving Charisma

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avner Caspi ◽  
Ronit Bogler ◽  
Ofir Tzuman
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Differential Processing ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
Rapid Processing ◽  
Presentation Experiment ◽  
Practical Implications

Perceived charisma is an outcome of message content and delivery, where the latter dominates the former. Framing perception of charisma within dual-process theories, we suggest a rapid processing of delivery and a slow processing of content. We aimed to track the differential processing speed of content and delivery that accounts for the delivery dominance. In two laboratory experiments, we manipulated content and delivery. Participants reported perceived charisma after viewing a presentation (Experiment 1) or moment-by-moment during the presentation (Experiment 2). The results confirmed the immediate influence of delivery on perceived charisma that was later either supported or revised by the content. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Argumentation, rationality, and psychology of reasoning

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Godden
Keyword(s):  
Dual Process ◽  
Cognitive Capacities ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Psychology Of Reasoning ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explicates an account of argumentative rationality by articulating the common, basic idea of its nature, and then identifying a collection of assumptions inherent in it. Argumentative rationality is then contrasted with dual-process theories of reasoning and rationality prevalent in the psychology of reasoning. It is argued that argumentative rationality properly corresponds only with system-2 reasoning in dual-process theories. This result challenges the prescriptive force of argumentative norms derives if they derive at all from their descriptive accuracy of our cognitive capacities. In response, I propose an activity-based account of reasoning which retains the assumptions of argumentative rationality while recontextualizing the relationship between reasoning as a justificatory activity and the psychological states and processes underlying that activity.

scholarly journals Of two minds or one? A registered replication of Rydell et al. (2006)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Heycke ◽  
Sarah Marie Gehrmann ◽  
Julia M. Haaf ◽  
Christoph Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Evaluative Conditioning ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
Reliability And Robustness ◽  
Selective Influence ◽  
Behavioral Information

Evaluative conditioning (EC) is proposed as a mechanism of automatic preference acquisition in dual-process theories of attitudes (Gawronski & Bodenhausen, 2006; Rydell & McConnell, 2006). Evidence for the automaticity of EC comes from studies claiming EC effects for subliminally presented stimuli. An impression-formation study by Rydell and colleagues (2006) showed a selective influence of briefly presented primes on implicitly measured attitudes, whereas supraliminally presented behavioral information about the target person was reflected in explicit ratings. This finding is considered one of the strongest pieces of evidence for dual process theories (Sweldens, Corneille, & Yzerbyt, 2014), and it is therefore crucial to assess its reliability and robustness. The present study presents two registered replications of the Rydell et al. (2006) study. In contrast to the original findings, the implicit measures did not reflect the valence of the subliminal primes in both studies.

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