scholarly journals Authoritarian personality: Psychoanalysis of antisemitism and prejudices

Psihologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-147
Author(s):  
Bojan Todosijevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Authoritarian Personality

The Authoritarian Personality is one of the most influential studies in social psychology, yet it has been subjected to different, often contradictory interpretations. This paper argues that the most important element of the authoritarian personality theory is the analysis of the psychological functionality of prejudice. Using psychoanalytic conceptual tools, the authors described the psychological logic behind apparently contradictory prejudices, and the function of prejudice in personal psychological 'economy'. In this way, Adorno et al. 'psychoanalyzed' both prejudice and the prejudiced. The first part of the paper presents the original research, with the particular focus on the less familiar aspects. The second part reviews the reactions to the Authoritarian Personality, and analyzes some of the better known criticisms and objections. The paper ends with the review of recent research trends inspired by Adorno et al.?s theory.

Some research trends in social psychology during the 1960s.

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Higbee ◽  
M. Gawain Wells
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
The 1960S

The archival turn in classical social psychology: Some recent reports

2020 ◽  
pp. 095935432092036
Author(s):  
Augustine Brannigan
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
University Archives

Preservation of the research records of classical experiments in university archives has opened a new avenue of investigation for students of social psychology. In many cases, the records afford the observer with access to materials to explain the actual progress of the research as it transpired originally and permit the observer to assess the fidelity as well as the inconsistencies between what was accomplished and what was subsequently published in the scientific literature. This archival turn in psychological research can provide a fresh understanding of the significance of the original research exposing both its value and its apparent weaknesses. In this essay, I explore archival reassessments of the work of Milgram, Zimbardo, and Sherif.

No Character or Personality

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Harman
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Personality Theory

Abstract:Solomon argues that, although recent research in social psychology has important implications for business ethics, it does not undermine an approach that stresses virtue ethics. However, he underestimates the empirical threat to virtue ethics, and his a priori claim that empirical research cannot overturn our ordinary moral psychology is overstated. His appeal to seemingly obvious differences in character traits between people simply illustrates the fundamental attribution error. His suggestion that the Milgram and Darley and Batson experiments have to do with such character traits as obedience and punctuality cannot help to explain the relevant differences in the way people behave in different situations. His appeal to personality theory fails, because, as an intellectual academic discipline, personality theory is in shambles, mainly because it has been concerned with conceptions of personality rather than with what is true about personality. Solomon’s rejection of Doris’s claims about the fragmentation of character is at odds with the received view in social psychology. Finally, he is mistaken to think that rejecting virtue ethics implies rejecting free will and moral responsibility.

Social Identity Theory and the Authoritarian Personality Theory in South Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Niens ◽  
Ed Cairns ◽  
Gillian Finchilescu ◽  
Don Foster ◽  
Colin Tredoux
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Authoritarian Personality

Social identity theory assumes that individuals and collectives apply identity management strategies in order to cope with threatened social identities. It is argued here that an integration of social identity theory and the authoritarian personality theory may help to investigate identity management strategies for minority and majority groups. It was intended to investigate predictors of identity management strategies applied by students at the University of Cape Town. Analyses are based on a questionnaire survey of 457 university students. Results only partially confirmed assumptions derived from social identity theory. Group identification and perceptions of legitimacy were related to the individual identity management strategy, “individualisation”, while the collective strategy “social competition” was associated with collective efficacy and authoritarianism. Perceptions of instability and authoritarianism predicted preferences for “temporal comparisons”. ‘Superordinate recategorisation’ was only very weakly predicted by group identification. The study indicated that social identity theory and the authoritarian personality theory might play different roles in preferences for identity management strategies. While social identity theory appears better in explaining individual identity management strategies, the authoritarian personality theory might be better in explaining collective strategies.

scholarly journals Racial Inequality in Psychological Research: Trends of the Past and Recommendations for the Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven O. Roberts ◽  
Carmelle Bareket-Shavit ◽  
Forrest A. Dollins ◽  
Peter D. Goldie ◽  
Elizabeth Mortenson
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Article

Race plays an important role in how people think, develop, and behave. In the current article, we queried more than 26,000 empirical articles published between 1974 and 2018 in top-tier cognitive, developmental, and social psychology journals to document how often psychological research acknowledges this reality and to examine whether people who edit, write, and participate in the research are systematically connected. We note several findings. First, across the past five decades, psychological publications that highlight race have been rare, and although they have increased in developmental and social psychology, they have remained virtually nonexistent in cognitive psychology. Second, most publications have been edited by White editors, under which there have been significantly fewer publications that highlight race. Third, many of the publications that highlight race have been written by White authors who employed significantly fewer participants of color. In many cases, we document variation as a function of area and decade. We argue that systemic inequality exists within psychological research and that systemic changes are needed to ensure that psychological research benefits from diversity in editing, writing, and participation. To this end, and in the spirit of the field’s recent emphasis on metascience, we offer recommendations for journals and authors.

The Future of Social Influence in Social Psychology

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Harkins ◽  
Kipling D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

With notable exceptions, social influence has not played a major role in social psychology since the mid-1980s. The chapters in this volume, along with other developments, set the stage for a return of social influence to its once preeminent position. The chapters contribute to the renaissance of interest in social influence in a variety of ways. Some chapters show us that it is time to re-examine classic topics in the context of what has been learned since the original research was conducted. Others show how integrations/elaborations that advance our understanding of social influence processes are now possible. The chapters also reveal lacunae in the social influence literature, and suggest future lines of research. Perhaps the most important of these will take into account the change from traditional social influence that occurs face-to-face to social media-mediated influence that is likely to characterize many of our interactions in the future.

Some Suggestions for Research on Entrepreneurial Traits and Characteristics

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Measurement Instruments

This article suggests that researchers submitting manuscripts on entrepreneurial traits and characteristics should: ground their studies in the context of previous research, articulate a specific theory about the nature of entrepreneurship and its relationship to the entrepreneur, define key ideas and variables, conscientiously identify and select samples, and use current social psychology and personality theory-based measurement instruments or provide construct validity evidence for newly constructed measures.

scholarly journals Muslim Organisations’ Response to Stigmatisation in the Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-118
Author(s):  
Aida Kassaye ◽  
Anja van Heelsum
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The Media ◽  
Zoom In ◽  
British Case ◽  
The Uk

Abstract In the heated media debate on Muslims and Islam, the role of community representatives is understudied. This article will first use original research see to what extent Muslims get the chance to speak out in newspapers in Western Europe, and then demonstrate through findings from interviews how representatives of Muslim organisations operate in the media. We build on Kerstin Rosenow-Williams’s perspectives in combining two features, namely 1) the internal and external role of representatives of Muslim organisations, and 2) the active-passive dimension of responses to prejudice and stigmatisation as suggested in social psychology, and will distinguish three patterns: protest, adaptation and decoupling. Throughout the article, we zoom in on the remarkable dissimilarity between the UK and Germany. The British case shows a larger Muslim presence in the newspapers and the tendency of Muslim representatives to use a protest strategy, while the German case shows a lack of Muslim actors in the newspapers and a tendency of Muslim representatives to use an adaptation strategy.

Cognitive Differentiation and Socio-Politico Ideology: An Exploratory Study

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Sidanius ◽  
Bo Ekehammar
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Scaling Method ◽  
Authoritarian Personality ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Cross Classification ◽  
Cognitive Differentiation

Cognitive differentiation was studied in relationship to socio-politico ideology using 105 Swedish university students. Three indices of cognitive differentiation were defined by use of similarity estimates among nine Swedish political parties and Ekman's multidimensional scaling method. Socio-politico ideology was operationalized by asking the subjects to describe themselves as either Radicals, Liberals, or Conservatives. Cross-classification and likelihood ratio analysis disclosed statistically significant relationships between two of the three indices of cognitive differentiation and socio-politico ideology. The results were discussed in terms of three theories and/or hypotheses, authoritarian personality theory, the extremism hypothesis and the context hypothesis. The significant results were congruent with the context hypothesis.

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