Some research trends in social psychology during the 1960s.

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Higbee ◽  
M. Gawain Wells
Remembering ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Fergus I. M. Craik

The chapter describes and discusses previous accounts that viewed human memory as an activity of mind. These include members of the “Act Psychology School” and other early psychologists described by Boring (1950). The theoretical ideas of James (1890) and Bartlett (1932) are described and discussed, especially as emphasized in Bartlett’s 1932 classic book, Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. The notions associated with “activity theory” in Soviet psychology are outlined, and the studies in educational psychology deriving from these theories are described. The relevance of Hebb’s theory of cell assemblies is pointed out, as is the congenial work of James Jenkins and his students in the 1960s and 1970s. These latter studies are a clear forerunner of later experiments in the levels of processing tradition. Finally, Robert Crowder’s views on proceduralism are summarized and discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Maynard

We know a lot about why the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has risen so dramatically since the 1960s. However, social science and social psychology in particular fall short in the analysis of autistic behavior, the real-life manifestations of the disorder. In this address, I suggest that unless we tackle behavior in interaction, rather than as emanating from individuals, we cannot analytically comprehend behavior as a socially real and holistic entity. The particular phenomena under investigation is transpositioning, or how a neurotypical (NT) professional initiates a sequence of action (first position) involving a recipient who has ASD. Then, the person with ASD fashions a response (second position) that is resistive or noncooperative. However, the NT professional subsequently fashions an action that portrays the ASD person’s second position or responsive behavior as an initiation or feature independent of what may have prompted it. Moreover, in reporting on the event in police, clinical, or other records, there is an elision of the prior initiations or first position actions such that the person with ASD is shown to have manifested ostensibly autonomous and anomalous behavior requiring interventions or remediation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Lubek ◽  
Monica Ghabrial ◽  
Naomi Ennis ◽  
Sara Crann ◽  
Amanda Jenkins ◽  
...  

A “standard” historiographical overview of the development of health psychology in the United States, alongside behavioral medicine, first summarizes previous disciplinary and professional histories. A “historicist” approach follows, focussing on a collective biographical summary of accumulated contributions of one cohort (1967–1971) at State University of New York at Stony Brook. Foundational developments of the two areas are highlighted, contextualized within their socio-political context, as are innovative cross-boundary collaboration on “precursor” studies from the 1960s and 1970s, before the official disciplines emerged. Research pathways are traced from social psychology to health psychology and from clinical psychology to behavioral medicine.


2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inés Barbero

In this survey of the trajectory of Latin American business history, the focus is on its development over the course of the past twenty years, when the discipline began to be recognized as a field of specialization within historical studies. The first section is a consideration of the origins of business history in Latin America, from the 1960s to 1985. The second section, covering 1985 to the present, is an analysis of the institutionalization of Latin American business history as research expanded and practitioners in the field began to adopt a more professional approach to their work. In the third section, the focus is on the topics that have attracted the most attention during the previous two decades, identifying research trends that have transcended national differences as well as some notable traits of Latin American business. The last section, a consideration of how Latin America can contribute both to business history and to comparative studies, concludes with proposals for a new research agenda.


Psihologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-147
Author(s):  
Bojan Todosijevic

The Authoritarian Personality is one of the most influential studies in social psychology, yet it has been subjected to different, often contradictory interpretations. This paper argues that the most important element of the authoritarian personality theory is the analysis of the psychological functionality of prejudice. Using psychoanalytic conceptual tools, the authors described the psychological logic behind apparently contradictory prejudices, and the function of prejudice in personal psychological 'economy'. In this way, Adorno et al. 'psychoanalyzed' both prejudice and the prejudiced. The first part of the paper presents the original research, with the particular focus on the less familiar aspects. The second part reviews the reactions to the Authoritarian Personality, and analyzes some of the better known criticisms and objections. The paper ends with the review of recent research trends inspired by Adorno et al.?s theory.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Reinhard Strohm

This brief survey of literature, provided with a bibliography, proposes to critically inform about research carried out over the last 30 years, and to identify research trends regarding subject definition, methodology and epistemology of the apparent duality, 'Italian Opera' and 'Central Europe'. A main question is how researchers have imagined their subject as a geographical space, and what their changing priorities had to do with developing regional concepts in music history. It is shown how, in the 1960s and 70s, the reception of Italian Opera in Europe was conceptualised as a national and European, not a regional question; how specialisation on mechanisms of production and consumption in the 1980s instigated more socially-oriented research, and how in this context both a nationalist and a universalist direction were being undermined. A renewed focus in the 1990s on small-scale production units such as individual cities, opera companies and travelling indivduals enabled researchers to recategorise Italian opera as a regional and diverse phenomenon. The contribution of such projects as the Storia dell'Opera Italiana (ed. Bianconi), the various Hofkultur researches in Germany, and the ESF programme Music in Europe, 1600-1900, with its study group on Italian Opera in Central Europe (Dubowy et al.) have now become influential. International collaboration also beyond 'central' Europe has seemed the most appropriate means of achieving good research results. Central Europe was, at least in opera, typified by its interest for the music of 'non-central' Italy. The concept of Central Europe in music (as in other matters) is a concept without borders.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven O. Roberts ◽  
Carmelle Bareket-Shavit ◽  
Forrest A. Dollins ◽  
Peter D. Goldie ◽  
Elizabeth Mortenson

Race plays an important role in how people think, develop, and behave. In the current article, we queried more than 26,000 empirical articles published between 1974 and 2018 in top-tier cognitive, developmental, and social psychology journals to document how often psychological research acknowledges this reality and to examine whether people who edit, write, and participate in the research are systematically connected. We note several findings. First, across the past five decades, psychological publications that highlight race have been rare, and although they have increased in developmental and social psychology, they have remained virtually nonexistent in cognitive psychology. Second, most publications have been edited by White editors, under which there have been significantly fewer publications that highlight race. Third, many of the publications that highlight race have been written by White authors who employed significantly fewer participants of color. In many cases, we document variation as a function of area and decade. We argue that systemic inequality exists within psychological research and that systemic changes are needed to ensure that psychological research benefits from diversity in editing, writing, and participation. To this end, and in the spirit of the field’s recent emphasis on metascience, we offer recommendations for journals and authors.


Author(s):  
Laura Rosseel ◽  
Dirk Geeraerts ◽  
Dirk Speelman

Since the 1960s, language attitude research has known little methodological innovation.In social psychology, by contrast, a number of new implicit attitude measures haverecently been developed. We suggest to take inspiration from social psychology to bringnew methods to linguistic attitude research. In this paper, we give a succinct introductionto quantitative implicit attitude research in linguistics and social psychology. As an illustrationof the new methods developed in the latter, we discuss the Implicit AssociationTest (Greenwald et al. 1998) and its potential for linguistic attitude research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Doliński

Social psychologists only to very small degree investigate real human behavior. This article is an analysis of the reasons why this is so. The author points out that the otherwise valuable phenomenon of cognitive shift, which occurred precisely in the 1960s, naturally boosted the interest of social psychologists in such phenomena like stereotypes and values; at the same time, it unfortunately decreased interest in others, like aggression or altruism. Researchers today generally preferring to employ survey studies (even if they are a component of experiments being conducted) to analysis of behavioural variables. This gives rise to the question of whether social psychology remains a science of behavior.


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