scholarly journals Importance of early detection of lung cancers with initial paraneoplastic manifestations

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 595-599
Author(s):  
Vera Vukic ◽  
Vesna Skodric-Trifunovic ◽  
Branislav Gvozdenovic ◽  
Dragana Jovanovic ◽  
Miodrag Zunic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disease Stages

Introduction. Lung cancers are mostly detected in the developed clinical stages, with clearly manifested pulmonary, extrapulmonary or metastatic manifestations. In the early disease stages, radiographic and clinical manifestations may be absent or mimicked. Objective. The aim of this study was the timely detection of early pulmonary, extrapulmonary and paraneoplastic manifestations of lung cancers in order to apply the most appropriate treatment protocols. Methods. We examined 230 patients with lung cancer, among them 125 of the working study group with minimal pulmonary and/or initial paraneoplastic symptoms, and 105 patients in the control group with clear tumour manifestations. Results. The symptom analysis revealed a statistically significantly lesser presence of the respiratory symptoms in the working study group (68%) in comparison with the control group of patients (97%) (c2=29.996; p<0.001). The analysis of radiographic presentations of lung cancer showed that there were significantly more patients with normal findings in the working group (6.4%) than in the control group - 1.9% (p>0.05), and a positive bronchoscopic finding of the centrally localized tumour (mainly right upper lobe) was confirmed in patients of both groups with normal radiographic findings. The number of diagnosed patients in earlier clinical disease stages (I, II, IIIa) with better prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer was significantly higher (c2=19.149; p<0.001) in the working group (71.1%) in comparison with the control group (38.1%). Small cell lung cancer was more frequently diagnosed in the stage of limited disease in the working (80%) than in the control group (38.1%) (c2=10.039; p<0.05). With regard to treatment administration, there is a statistically significant difference (c2=4.013; p=0.0452) in the frequency between the use of chemotherapy and highly significant difference (c2=22.044; p<0.001) in the frequency of use of surgical treatment in the working group in comparison with the control group - both chemotherapy and surgery treatment were more frequent in the patients of the working group. Conclusion. Recognizing the initial pulmonary, extrapulmonary or paraneoplastic manifestations as well as performing diagnostic procedures in due time represent the most important guidelines in early detection and the most efficacious therapeutic choice in lung cancer.

The utility of DR-70, a novel blood biomarker, in the early detection of lung cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17521-e17521
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Motamed-Khorasani ◽  
Hooman Etemadi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Chest X Ray

e17521 Background: Lung cancer accounts for the largest percentage of cancer in adults in North America. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85-90% of all lung cancers with a death rate of 85%. Early diagnosis is the only chance of a cure when surgery or chemo-radiotherapy can be performed. Chest X-ray is the routine first diagnostic step but is not confirmatory. The purpose of this study was to further validate DR-70 utility in lung cancer early detection considering the relatively high sensitivity of this test. Onko-Sure is a regulatory approved blood test for detection/monitoring of lung cancer treatment/recurrence. It measures the accumulation of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in the serum using anti-DR-70 antibody. Methods: A total of 239 serum samples were retrospectively obtained from a serum bank and were tested with DR-70. There were two arms: healthy controls (n= 120) and biopsy-confirmed lung cancers (n= 119) including: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n=7) and NSCLC (n=112). The NSCLC included adenocarcinoma (n=65), squamous carcinoma (n=37), large cell lung cancer (n=4) and others (n=6). The data were analyzed to find the optimal cut point, sensitivity and specificity of DR-70. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 87.5% were achieved, respectively (cut-point of 1.2 ug/ml). For SCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 57.1% and 82.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.1 ug/ml). For NSCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 65.2% and 87.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.2 ug/ml). Among the subcategories of NSCLC, DR-70 showed the highest sensitivity for acinar cell carcinoma (81.8%). Furthermore, DR-70 showed sensitivity of 59.5%, 70.4, 66.7 and 70% for stages I, II, III, and IV. Conclusions: Chest X-Ray is the routine first step in lung cancer detection with the sensitivity of 78.3%. It is not confirmatory and it can miss lesions smaller than 1 cm. These findings are promising and highlight DR-70 test as an additional first line diagnostic tool that can potentially replace X-ray to increase the diagnosis sensitivity as early as stage I. An enhanced ability to diagnose NSCLC in an early stage (I/II) should significantly improve prognosis, treatment options and survival rate for patients with lung cancer.

scholarly journals Histopathological subtypes of lung cancer presented at a tertiary care cancer hospital in Kerala: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sourabh Radhakrishnan ◽  
Sreeja Raju ◽  
Jamuna Angel Joy ◽  
Sanjana Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Lung cancer is one of the commonest cancers causes high rate of mortality worldwide. An increasing incidence of lung cancer and the pathological profile varies among gender and geographical regions. The present study was aimed to assess the pattern of histological subtypes of lung cancer and their distribution with age and gender.Methods: Histologically proven primary lung cancers were selected from the cancer registry. Distribution of subtypes of lung cancer in various age and gender was collected. The major clinical presentation among the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) were also analysed. The data were statistically analysed.Results: A total of 155 cases of lung cancers were analysed. Adenocarcinoma of lung was the most common subtype followed by squamous cell carcinoma and SCLC. Majority were males with age of presentation from 23 to 93 years. Age of presentation in the female group was 23-75 years. Significant difference was found between cancer numbers in male and female patients (p=0.0001). Statistically significant difference was found among the distribution of smokers and non-smokers in the NSCLC and SCLC patients (p=0.046). Most of the NSCLC and SCLC patients were presented with dyspnea and coughing.Conclusions: Lung cancers were commonly seen in males and smokers. The most common histological subtype in males and females was adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of histological subtype at the onset of clinical presentation of suspected cases of lung cancer is required to start the therapeutic regimen at the earliest to increase the longevity of patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of quality of life in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with combined radiochemotherapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
Suzana Isakovic-Vidovic ◽  
Nenad Borojevic ◽  
Ljiljana Radosevic-Jelic ◽  
Tatjana Pekmezovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Combined Radiochemotherapy

Background: The aim was to investigate the application of radiopotentiation which was initiated by the fact that in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer there is a high risk of relapse due to failure in local control of the disease and the risk of systemic micrometastases. The other aim was the evaluation of quality of life. Methods: A study group consisted of 67 patients. Patients were first treated with TD30 Gy in 10 fractions during 2 weeks (5 fractions per week) with a potentiation by 20 mg/m 2 of carboplatinol intravenous bolus infusion just prior to each radiotherapy fraction. After a 2-week pause, additional radiation of 25 Gy in 10 fractions was applied during 2 weeks (5 fractions/week) with a potentiation by 20 mg/m 2 of carboplatinol. Total tumor dose (TTD) was 55 Gy (30+25 Gy) in 20 fractions, total duration of the therapy was 6 weeks, and total dose of carboplatinol was 600 mg. A control group consisted of 70 patients and they were treated with a radical radiotherapy with a conventional fractionation (60 Gy in 30 fractions, 2 Gy per day, 5 fractions per week). Quality of life was evaluated by Karnofsky performance scale (KI), at the beginning of the treatment, after the completion of the whole course of treatment, and during follow-up at regular check-ups. Results After the completion of the whole course of treatment most of patients had KI 80%. Analysis made during the last check-up showed statistically significant low KI. In both study and control groups KI was significantly higher at the beginning of the treatment than KI after the completion of the whole course of treatment (p=0.001). However, the analysis of KI at the time of the completion of the whole course of treatment showed significantly better KI in study group (p=0.036) than in control group. Conclusion: These results showed that the combined radiochemotherapy treatment is well tolerated.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Irinotecan/cisplatin Regimen and Etoposide/cisplatin Regimen in the First-line Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
First Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Line Treatment

Objectives: This paper mainly study on the effects of irinotecan/cisplatin and etoposide/cisplatin regimens in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. Methods: 50 cases of small cell lung cancer patients in our hospital were divided into control group and experimental group and administered with etoposide/cisplatin and irinotecan/cisplatin regimen, and the treatment effects of the two regimens were compared statistically. Results: After treatment, both groups achieved high treatment efficiency, and the incidence of toxic side effects was low, with no significant difference (P>0.05)? serological ABCG2 and FGFBP1 level indicators were better than the control group?both showing significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions?Irinotecan has achieved better improvement in serological indicators in the first-line treatment of small cell lung cancer, with no significant difference in short-term treatment efficiency.

Circulating miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a Expression Signature as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

MicroRNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helal Fouad Hetta ◽  
Asmaa Mohammad Zahran ◽  
Engy A. Shafik ◽  
Reham I. El-Mahdy ◽  
Nahed A. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Plasma Mirna

Background and Aim:Lung Cancer (LC) is a major cancer killer worldwide, and 5-yr survival is extremely poor (≤15%), accentuating the need for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Studies have shown cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in the serum and plasma with specific expression in cancer, indicating the potential of using miRNAs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This study aimed to identify differentially-expressed two miRNAs in the plasma of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients that might be a clinically useful tool for lung cancer early detection. miRNA-21 is one of the most abundant oncomirs. miRNA-23a functions as an oncogene in several human cancers, however, its clinical value has not been investigated in NSCLC.Materials and Methods:A case-control study was conducted in Assiut University Hospital, Egypt, from 2017 to 2018. Plasma samples were obtained from 45 NSCLC patients. The expression level of miR-21 and miRNA-23a was detected by qRT-PCR and compared to 40 healthy control subjects. The relation between both miRNAs and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated.Results:The expression level of miR-21 and miRNA-23a was significantly up-regulated (36.9 ± 18.7 vs. 1.12 ± 0.84 and 24.7 ± 19.09 vs. 1.16 ± 0.45) in NSCLC compared to matched controls (P<0.0001each). There was a significant difference in the level of plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA- 23a expression between the different grades of the disease (P = 0.032 and P = 0.001, respectively). The plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a levels in the lung cancer patients with distant metastasis (n = 20) were significantly higher than those in the patients without metastasis (n = 25) (P<0.0001 each), the expression of miR-21 and miRNA-23a was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.001, P = 0.0001, respectively), but not significantly related to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.687 and 0.696, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a (r = 0.784, P<0.01), There was no significant difference in the plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a levels in the lung cancer patients with different histopathological types.Conclusion:miR-21 and miR-23a might play an oncogenic role in LC and is a poor prognostic factor. Switching off miRNA-21 and miRNA-23a may improve the treatment of LC. Our results must be verified by large-scale prospective studies with standardized methodology.

A review of predictive, prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer: towards personalised and targeted cancer therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-384
Author(s):  
Ernest Osei ◽  
Julia Lumini ◽  
Dinindu Gunasekara ◽  
Beverley Osei ◽  
Akua Asare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

AbstractIntroduction:Lung cancer has a high mortality rate mainly due to the lack of early detection or outward signs and symptoms, thereby often progressing to advanced stages (e.g., stage IV) before it is diagnosed. However, if lung cancers can be diagnosed at an early stage and also if clinicians can prospectively identify patients likely to respond to specific treatments, then there is a very high potential to increase patients’ survival. In recent years, several investigations have been conducted to identify cancer biomarkers for lung cancer risk assessment, early detection and diagnosis, the likelihood of identifying the group of patients who will benefit from a particular treatment and monitoring patient response to treatment.Materials and Methods:This paper reports on the review of 19 current clinical and emerging biomarkers used in risk assessment, screening for early detection and diagnosis and monitoring the response of treatment of non-small-cell lung cancers.Conclusion:The future holds promise for personalised and targeted medicine from prevention, diagnosis to treatment, which take into account individual patient’s variability, though it depends on the development of effective biomarkers interrogating the key aberrant pathways and potentially targetable with molecular targeted or immunologic therapies. Lung cancer biomarkers have the potential to guide clinical decision-making since they can potentially detect the disease early, measure the risk of developing the disease and the risk of progression, provide accurate information of patient response to a specific treatment and are capable of informing clinicians about the likely outcome of a cancer diagnosis independent of the treatment received. Moreover, lung cancer biomarkers are increasingly linked to specific molecular pathway deregulations and/or cancer pathogenesis and can be used to justify the application of certain therapeutic or interventional strategies.

Adjuvant chemotherapy in completely resected stage III-N2 non-small cell lung cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7563-7563 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
W. Ou ◽  
H. Sun ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
X. Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Significant Difference

7563 Background: We evaluate effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival after complete resection of stage III-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods: From Jan.1999 to Dec. 2003, a total of 150 stage III-N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients randomly received four cycles of chemotherapy (NVB25mg/m2, D1,D5 or paclitaxel 175mg/m2, D1 / carboplatin AUC=5, D1) or observation after operation. Results: The median survival for the 150 patients was 879 days, with a 1-year survival rate of 81%, 3-year survival rate of 43%, and 5-year survival rate of 28%.There was significant difference in median survival between chemotherapy and control group (897 days vs 821 days p=0.04), and also there was significant difference in 5-year survival rate (30% vs 24% p<0.05). The most common site of recurrence was brain. 26% (39/150) of patients recurred in the brain as their first site, 22% (18/79) for chemotherapy group, 29% (21/71) for control group. The median survival time for brain metastasis patients between chemotherapy and control group is no difference (812 days vs 512 days, p=0.122), but there was significant difference in 2-year survival rate (66.71% vs 37.6% p<0.05). Conclusions: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy dose significantly improves median survival among completely resected stage III-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer patients, and significantly improves 5-year survival rate. It dose not decrease incidence of brain metastasis but postpone the time of brain metastasis in chemotherapy group. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE THERMOCHEMORADIOTHERAPY ON SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Aleksey Dobrodeev ◽  
Sergey Tuzikov ◽  
Aleksandr Zavyalov ◽  
Zhanna Startseva
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Local Hyperthermia

Purpose: To study short-term outcomes of thermochemoradiotherapy (TCRT) followed by radical surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods: The study included 38 patients with stage III lung cancer, who were treated at the Cancer Research Institute of the TNIMC (Tomsk, Russia). The study group patients (n=18) received combined modality treatment consisting of hyperfractionated radiation therapy (40 Gy total dose in twice-daily fractions of 1.3 Gy each) given concurrently with 2 cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel / carboplatin after 10 sessions of local hyperthermia followed by surgery. In the control group (n = 20), only surgical treatment was performed. Results: The overall tumor response to TCRT was 94.4%, including complete response (22.2%) and partial response (72.2%). All patients tolerated local hyperthermia well. All patients (100%) underwent radical surgery. There were 23 (60.5%) lobectomies, 13 (34.2%) pneumonectomies and 2 (5.3%) combined surgeries. Postoperative complications were observed in 22.2% of patients in the study group and in 20.0% of patients in the control group. The mortality rates were 0 and 5.0%, respectively (р>0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative TCRT in patients with stage III NSCLC resulted in a significant tumor regression, was well tolerated by the patients and did not have a negative impact on postoperative period and mortality.

scholarly journals Effects of Docetaxel Combined with Icotinib on Serum Tumor Markers and Quality of Life of Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei LIN ◽  
Jing CHANG ◽  
Jun LI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Background: To investigate the effects of docetaxel combined with icotinib on tumor markers in serum and quality of life of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Overall, 121 patients with advanced NSCLC, admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, China from 2017- 2018 were selected as subjects. Among them, 58 patients treated with docetaxel combined with icotinib for chemotherapy were considered as study group, and 63 patients treated with paclitaxel combined with carboplatin as control group. The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, and ECOG scores of the two groups were observed. CEA, CA125, and SCC (Tumor markers) levels of the two groups before and after treatment were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Results: The leukopenia, oral mucosa ulcer and mild numbness in the control group were significantly higher than those in the study group (P<0.05). After treatment, ECOG scores of both groups decreased (P<0.05), and the ECOG score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The serum CEA, CA125 and SCC levels of the study group and the control group after treatment decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Application of docetaxel combined with icotinib for chemotherapy of patients with advanced NSCLC can effectively reduce the serum levels of CEA, SCC, and the CA125. Docetaxel combined with icotinib can significantly reduce adverse reactions and better improve the quality of life of patients compared with paclitaxel combined with carboplatin, which is worthy of clinical promotion.  

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