scholarly journals Effect of early introduction of minimal enteral feeding on growth and rate of achieving optimal nutritive intake in very low birth weight preterm infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Vesna Marinkovic ◽  
Niveska Bozinovic-Prekajski ◽  
Milica Rankovic-Janevski ◽  
Zorica Jelic ◽  
Vesna Hajdarpasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Early Introduction

Introduction/Objective. Minimal enteral nutrition (MEN) has an important stimulative effect on morphological and functional development of gastrointestinal system in preterm infants. The aim of this study was to assess effects of early introduced MEN on rate of achieving optimal enteral nutritive intake and on body weight, body length, and head circumference gain in very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants. Methods. This prospective study included 45 VLBW newborns (1,010?1,450; 1,350 ? 305 g), in 30 newborns MEN was introduced within three days after birth, and in 15 newborns enteral intake was introduced after five days due to hemodynamic and metabolic instability. Assessment of effect of early MEN introduction on the rate of achieving optimal nutritive intake and gain in basic anthropometric parameters was based on comparison with a group of subjects who had a delayed MEN introduction. Results. Subjects in which MEN was introduced early on had better weight gain (p < 0.05), reached birth weight sooner (p < 0.05), and achieved optimal enteral intake much sooner (p < 0.05), compared to subjects with delayed MEN introduction. The difference in body length gain and head circumference gain was not significant. Conclusion. Early introduction of MEN has a significant positive effect on rate of body weight gain and on earlier achievement of optimal enteral intake in VLBW preterm infants.

scholarly journals Protein use and weight-gain quality in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants fed human milk or formula

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Morlacchi ◽  
Paola Roggero ◽  
Maria Lorella Giannì ◽  
Beatrice Bracco ◽  
Debora Porri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight

scholarly journals Relationship between birth order, birth weight, colostrum intake, acquisition of passive immunity and pre-weaning mortality of piglets

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Le Dividich ◽  
Rui Charneca ◽  
Françoise Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Large White ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

This study investigates the relation between birth order (BO), birth weight (BW0), colostrum intake (CI), level of passive immunity and pre-weaning mortality of piglets. The animals used were 551 cross-bred piglets [Piétrain × (Large-White × Landrace)] born from 40 sows. Colostrum immunoglobulins G (IgG) determinations were made from 17 sows. Colostrum samples were obtained at birth of the first piglet then at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 h later, and on the first-two and the last-two piglets born. Serum IgG determinations from 68 piglets were made at 2d of age and at weaning. Individual CI was estimated from body weight gain. Relative birth order (RBO) and BW0 within-litter were weakly (R2<0.05) but positively correlated (p<0.01). Colostrum intake of piglets was independent from RBO (p>0.10) but increased by 26 ± 1.6 g per 100 g increase in BW0 (p<0.001). Serum IgG concentrations of the last two born piglets were 29.5% lower (p<0.01) than the first two born at 2 d of age, and 25% (p<0.05) at weaning. They were also lower at weaning than at 2 d of age (p<0.001). Serum IgG concentrations of piglets at weaning and at 2 d of age were positively correlated (R2=0.50, p<0.001). Within-litter, CI explained 11% (p<0.01) of the variation observed in piglets’ IgG at 2d of age. Mortality of piglets was irrespective of RBO (p>0.10). It was concluded that despite last-born piglets obtained less passive immunity than first-born, they were not at higher risk of dying before weaning. Major causes of mortality were low birth weight and insufficient colostrum (energy) intake.

scholarly journals The effects of nutritional support for premature babies with ELBW and VLBW with hypoxic damage to the central nervous system

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Issue 2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gulban Abdullayeva ◽  
Shayhslam Batyrhanov ◽  
Stalbek Akhunbaev ◽  
Orozaly Uzakov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Prognosis

Objective: Effect of nutritional support for preterm infants with very low (VLBW) and extremely low body (ELBW) weight with hypoxic damage of the central nervous system (CNS) of varying severity is not well elucidated.  The aim of this investigation is to study clinical, laboratory, neurosonography and electroencephalography characteristics of preterm infants with VLBW and ELBW with hypoxic of CNS on complex comprehensive nutritional support, diagnostic criteria of which were infants body weight gain,  increase in growth and head circumference Methods: Criteria of including into the study were VLBW and ELBW of an infant at birth and hypoxic damage to the CNS. Overall, 254 preterm infants born at the term of 23-24 weeks of gestation with body weight at birth less than 1500 grams were included into the prospective study.  All patients underwent anthropometric and clinical observation of height, weight, head circumference and body mass index till 50 weeks of postconceptual age with following evaluation by central curves; standard laboratory and biochemical blood analyses, neurosonography and electroencephalography. Data analysis of further growth of observed infants after discharge from hospital was made in 2017-2019 years on the basis of studying of stationary cards. Results: In the ELBW group with severe level of hypoxic damage to the CNS, optimum gain was 20-22 g/kg/daily, which allowed to avoid complications on the alimentary tract; in the VLBW group with severe degree it was 16-18g/kg/daily during the first three months of life. In  the ELBW and VLBW groups of children with moderate degree of hypoxic damage the desired gain did not differ and was at the level of 20-25 g/kg/daily. Physiological body weight gain in infants with VLBW and ELBW according to gestational time is connected with favorable somatic and neurological prognosis in these infants. Calculation of calorie intake, selection of the type of feeding for infants with ELBW and with VLBW according to recommendations made by ESPGHAN (2010) ensures positive anthropometric data dynamics without metabolic disruptions. Conclusion: Physiological body weight gain according to gestation period is connected with favorable somatic and neurological prognosis in these infants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants with And Without Experienced Target Weight Gain on The Administration of Human Milk Fortifier

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Diondra Eka Rizkiawan ◽  
Adhie Nur Radityo ◽  
Rina Pratiwi ◽  
Kusmiyati Tjahjono
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Characteristic Difference ◽  
Human Milk Fortifier

Background: Human milk fortifier (HMF) is defined as a supplement added to breastmilk to increase calories, proteins, vitamins, and various nutrition of breastmilk. The purpose of HMF administration is to increase the concentration of breastmilk nutrients to improve the weight of very low birth weight preterm infants. The administration of HMF is insufficient to fulfill protein needs in 20-40% very low birth weight babies, thus the weight gain did not meet the expected target.Objective: To analyze characteristic differences between very low birth weight preterm infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and not according to the target on the administration of HMF.Methods: An analytical study with a case-control approach comparing case and control group, which was observed to determine characteristic differences between both groups. The samples were 52 very low birth weight preterm infants obtained by consecutive sampling. Data analysis includes descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. Results: Data were obtained from medical records and consisted of 52 participants, including 26 very low birth weight premature infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and 26 who experienced weight gain not according to the target. There was no characteristic difference of cyanosis clinical symptoms (OR 2.3; 95% CI 0.51-10.4), chest retraction (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.32-3.1), apnea of prematurity comorbid (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.25-3.9), neonatal infections (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.21-1.9), starting age of HMF administration (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.21-1.89), bloating (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.17-1.9), and vomiting (OR 1.18; 95% CI 0.38-3.7) in both groups.Conclusion: There was no characteristic difference between very low birth weight preterm infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and not according to the target on the administration of HMF.

scholarly journals Performance of low birth-weight piglets upon protein-energy and/or colostrum supplementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Viott ◽  
T.A. Menezes ◽  
A.P.G. Mellagi ◽  
M.L. Bernardi ◽  
I. Wentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Protein Energy

ABSTRACT The study aimed to investigate the effect of oral protein-energy supplement (OPES) and/or extra colostrum within the first few hours of life on the survival and growth performance of low birth-weight piglets during the suckling period. Based upon nutritional strategy, low-birth-weight piglets (804−1309g) were randomly allocated into four groups: C0S0 (control group, n= 300) - no supplementation; C1S0 (n= 299) - supplementation with 50mL of a colostrum pool through an orogastric tube; C0S1 (n= 298) - oral supplementation with 8mL oral OPES; C1S1 (n= 297) - supplementation with both 50mL of colostrum and 8mL of OPES. The piglets’ body weight was monitored at birth, 24h after birth, on day 7, day 14 and day 20 post-partum. Both colostrum and protein-energy supplementations did not affect (P>0.05) colostrum intake (253.6g; 259.4g; 259.4g; 263.8g for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively), weight gain during the first 24h (62.6g; 68.3g; 67.1g and 69.8g for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively) and pre-weaning mortality (11.3%, 11.4%, 12.4% and 9.4% for C0S0, C1S0, C0S1, C1S1, respectively). Administration of OPES increased (P= 0.032) the average daily weight gain from birth till weaning (189.1 vs. 182.3g) and tended to increase the weight of the piglets (P= 0.060) at weaning (4893.1 vs. 4746.4g for OPES and no OPES, respectively). In conclusion, nutritional manipulation does not affect colostrum intake and pre-weaning mortality of low birth-weight piglets. However, body weight gain during the suckling period and the weight at weaning were observed to be marginally improved by administration of OPES.

scholarly journals Post discharge formula fortification of maternal human milk of very low birth weight preterm infants: an introduction of a feeding protocol in a University Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer El Sakka ◽  
Sami El Shimi ◽  
Kareem Salama ◽  
Hend Fayez
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Feeding Protocol

The objective of this study is to determine the growth parameters and nutritional biochemical markers and complications of fortification of human milk by post discharge formula of preterm very low birth weight newborns (VLBW). Fifty preterm infants less than 37 weeks with weight less than 1500 g were enrolled in the study. They received parental nutrition and feeding according to our protocol. When enteral feeding reached 100 cc/kg/day, infants were randomized into two groups: group I, Cases, n=25, where post discharge formula (PDF) was used for fortification, group II, Controls, n=25 with no fortification. Infants of both groups were given 50% of required enteral feeding as premature formula. This protocol was used until infants’ weight reached 1800 g. Daily weight, weekly length and head circumference were recorded. Hemoglobin, albumin (Alb), electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and clinical complications were documented. Human milk fortification with PDF resulted in better growth with increase in weight 16.8 and 13.78 g/kg/day (P=0.0430), length 0.76 and 0.58 cm/week (P=0.0027), and head circumference of 0.59 and 0.5 cm/week (P=0.0217) in cases and controls respectively. Duration of hospital stay was less in cases (22.76 versus 28.52 days in Controls), P=0.02. No significant changes were found in serum electrolytes, BUN, or Alb between both groups. Hemoglobin was significantly higher in Cases, P=0.04. There were no significant clinical complications. Our feeding protocol of fortification of human milk with PDF in preterm very low birth weight newborns resulted in better growth and decrease in length of hospital stay. The use of PDF could be an alternative option for fortification of mothers’ milk for preterm VLBW infants in developing countries with low resources.

scholarly journals Renal function in premature infants in the neonatal period

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Anna N. Obukhova ◽  
Olga V. Khaletskaya ◽  
Elena V. Tush
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I

The aim of the investigation was to assess the functional state of the kidneys of preterm infants of various gestational ages with signs of acute kidney injury. Materials and Methods. The study included 30 preterm infants born at 29 to 36 weeks gestation with signs of acute kidney injury. Patients were divided into two groups: group I included children with low body weight, born at 3236 weeks of gestation; group II with very low birth weight, born at 2931 weeks of gestation. In the study of kidney function, the main markers were analyzed serum creatinine, urea, diuresis level, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the third week of life, as well as at discharge from the hospital when reaching the postconceptual gestational age of 36.0 [35.0; 39.0] weeks. Severity was assessed in both groups of patients. Results. In both groups of children, a slight degree of severity was recorded, the risk stage (Risk) according to the pRIFLE classification criteria (2007). The evaluation of the biochemical blood test did not show a statistically significant difference in creatinine, urea, GFR, and the rate of diuresis between groups of children with low body weight and very low birth weight. In both groups of patients, creatinine and urea levels in the third week of life exceeded the age standards. By the time the postconceptual gestational age was reached at 36.0 [35.0; 39.0] weeks, there was a statistically significant decrease in the level of these indicators in patients of both groups. In addition, it was found that premature children are at risk for the formation of hyperoxaluria (53% in the structure of crystalluria). Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of acute kidney injury in premature newborns will allow adequate therapy to prevent the progression and further formation of terminal renal failure. It is important to determine the level of excretion of oxalates in the urine to prevent the development of urolithiasis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document