scholarly journals Effect of the change of firing temperature on microstructure and physical properties of clay bricks from Beruas (Malaysia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Johari ◽  
S. Said ◽  
B. Hisham ◽  
A. Bakar ◽  
Z.A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Optimum Firing ◽  
Optimum Firing Temperature

This study is focused on the behaviour of fired-clay brick from the area around Beruas (Malaysia) that is known for it brick industries. The firing temperatures were set from 800?C to 1250?C and soaking time was fixed for an hour. The effects of firing temperature on the phase changes, microstructure, compressive strength, water absorption and porosity of the bricks were investigated. Test results indicate that the optimum firing temperature was found to be 1200?C. The percentage of porosity significantly reduces from 39.33% to 5.87% when sintered from 1000?C to 1250?C. Bricks sintered at 1200?C exhibited the highest strength of 89.5 N/mm2. The effect of firing temperature significantly improved the microstructure in terms of porosity and the quality of physical properties of fired-clay bricks.

Application of Dry Grass for Clay Brick Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Nonthaphong Phonphuak
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks

In this paper, effects of incorporation of dry grass on the properties of clay bricks were investigated. Clay bricks fabricated with 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 % (w/w) of dry grass were tested. The clay brick specimens were fired at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C to study for bulk density, apparent porosity water absorption and compressive strength of brick samples were investigated. Results revealed that the bulk density of clay bricks were reduced when dry grass dosages increased. Results also shown that the increasing in bulk density were obtained when the firing temperature increased. The compressive strength of clay bricks was decreased when dry grass dosages increased. The addition of 2.5 % (w/w) dry grass fired at 1100 °C showed the optimal condition which indicated 11.6 MPa of compressive strength and 1.78 g/cm3 of bulk density. However, results indicated that a decrease in water absorption and apparent porosity were found when the firing temperature increased. Test results also revealed that the addition of dry grass for clay brick production lead to utilize a potential material as the additive to raw clay-bricks in the manufacturing of lightweight clay bricks.

scholarly journals Physical changes of low quality of clay bricks due to sandy-soil mixture under combustion performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan ◽  
Ade Indra ◽  
Annisa Febiana Yunera ◽  
Rudy Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Fire Exposure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Home Industries ◽  
Physical Changes

This research studies the physical properties of the low quality of bricks mixed with sandy -soil in home industries located in Gunung Sarik of Padang City. The ratio mixture of the brick making material in the home industries was not measured with the proper measurement; as a result the quality of the brick was poor. The research used 5 x 5 x 5 cm and 180 cubes of bricks to see the physical changes. The ratio of mixed materials between sandy soil and clay are 0.11.025, 0.43,0.67,1.0, and 1.50. The procedure for making bricks was the same as a factory without changing the factory method. The process of burning bricks for three days and two nights using wood. From the test results, the density of the bricks did not change significantly between direct and indirect fire exposure but decreased in proportion to the addition of sandy soil. The addition of sandy soil reduces the percentage of damage and physical changes. The acceptable ratio of sandy -soil mixture is a range of 0.43.-0.6.

scholarly journals Improving the Properties of Clay Soil by Using Literate Soil for Production of Bricks

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Anteneh Geremew ◽  
Yibas Mamuye
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Water ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Optimum Firing ◽  
Temperature Furnace ◽  
Optimum Firing Temperature

Know a day’s utilization of local accessible materials is an important stage for sustainable, economic building material on the earth surface. Within them Brick is one of the commonly used construction material around Jimma town due to the availability of clay soil. But brick produced by small micros un-skill enterprises rather than by traditional method, its quantity was small and its quality was unsatisfactory, because it can easily break and it has high water absorbing conduct. The purpose of investigation was be to improving the properties of clay soil properties by using Literate soil for in the manufacturing of bricks for masonry units. In order to achieve this researches include, non-probability sampling techniques was be used to collect samples in Jimma area, then collected of samples prepared for different laboratory test and by partially replacing literate soil by 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% on a clay soil in order to get optimum property by different mix ration for different laboratories. Test results indicated that shows that the lightweight bricks could be made from this study without any deterioration in the quality of bricks. Additionally, the compressive strength of the blocks optimum at 15% lateritic soil replace in clay soil contents. The optimum firing temperature furnace at a duration burning of brick was at 1000°C. It’s shown that bricks prepared of clay-laterite earth capable for high resisting capacity rather than for beauty. Key words: Literate soil, Brick, Clay soil, Compressive strength, Water absorption, sustainable, Density, Construction material.

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Clay Bricks Fabricated with a Powdered Marble Dust Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Mana Eambua ◽  
Arpapan Satayavibul ◽  
Watcharakhon Nethan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Marble Dust

The objective of this study was to recycle powdered marble dust to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight clay bricks. Varying amounts of powdered marble dust (10, 20, 30, and 40 vol.%) were added to a lightweight clay brick at the firing temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. When higher quantities of powdered marble dust were added, the values of porosity and water absorption increased while those of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased. The decrease in apparent porosity and water absorption were also affected by the increase in firing temperature. The most desirable properties of the clay bricks were obtained for the powdered marble dust content of 40 vol.% and firing temperature 900 °C: bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3, compressive strength 9.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.32 W/m.K, and water absorption 22.5%.

Pore Structure and Thermal Characteristics of Clay Bricks

2014 ◽  
Vol 982 ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Martin Keppert ◽  
Kirill Polozhiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Structural Material ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Pore System ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Vacuum Saturation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
System Characteristics

Clay brick was perhaps to be the first artificial structural material. First bricks were dried by sun; later people had started to burn bricks by fire and in that time further enhancements appeared. This article deals with two kinds of fired clay bricks; basic physical properties, pore system characteristics and thermal properties are studied. The values of basic physical properties by water vacuum saturation vary slightly; bulk density shows values around 1880 kg/m3 and in the case of open porosity it is around 27%. Regarding thermal properties the difference is higher, obtained results of thermal conductivities in dried state vary by about 33%.

scholarly journals Effect of firing temperature on physico-mechanical properties of contemporary clay brick productions in Lalitpur, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
NB Bohara ◽  
DB Ghale ◽  
YP Chapagain ◽  
N Duwal ◽  
J Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength

Effect of firing temperature on some physico-mechanical properties of ten brick samples, those were composed by feldspars, quartz, alumina-rich spinel, primary mullite and hematite phases, was investigated in accordance with ASTM standards. The brick samples fired between 700° to 1100° C showed 11-23 % water adsorptivity (WA), 19-37 % apparent porosity (AP) and 1.50-1.65 g/cm3 bulk density (BD) indicate good physical properties. The maximum compressive strength (CS) of the fired-bricks at 950° to 1000° C was found to be between 15.6 and 17.1 MPa. At 700°-1000° C firing temperatures, the CS of these bricks is found to be increased exponentially with decreasing of both WA and AP, however it is found to be increased with increasing the BD. Consequently, it can be said that there is good correlation between mechanical and physical properties of the fired-brick samples up to the firing temperature of 1000° C. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(1), 43-52, 2020

scholarly journals Thermal conductivity of clay based material incorporating Argan Shell: Experimental characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Aicha Idoum ◽  
Lahcen Bammou ◽  
Rachid Tiskatine ◽  
Ahmed Aharoune
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

This research investigated the impact of agricultural biomass additives (Argan shell) on the thermal and physical properties of fired clay bricks for building application. The objective of the study is to characterize the selected materials from molecule up to the final materials used in buildings. The materials used in this study, are soil and Argan shells, locally available materials for brick making. The Argan shells were grinded and then added to the clay mixture. The Clay brick shows a formation of pores during the firing process up to 1050°C. As results, the bulk density of the clay bricks decreased due to the pores formation. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the clay bricks was reduced by 53% using 20wt% of the biomass additives.

Debonding Limit of the Externally Glued FRP Reinforcements Applied on Clay Brick Substrate: Statistical Assessment of a Design Formula

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 486-493
Author(s):  
Pietro Carrara ◽  
Francesco Freddi
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Alternative Formula ◽  
Testing Approach ◽  
Composite Fabrics

The present contribution aims to statistically assess a design procedure to estimate the bond resistance of composite fabrics externally glued on clay brick masonry substrates. Based on recent experimental campaigns a database of bond test results between fiber reinforced polymer and clay bricks is collected and an alternative formula is proposed starting from theoretical and experimental evidence. Then, its characteristic value is evaluated following the "Design Assisted by Testing Approach" suggested in the Eurocode 0. The capabilities of the proposed method are statistically evaluated and the advantages with respect to existing formulas are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigation of the firing temperature effects on clay brick sample; Part-I: Mineralogical phase characterization

BIBECHANA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Narendra Bahadur Bohara ◽  
Lal Bahadur Bhat ◽  
Dol Bahadur Ghale ◽  
Nirjan Duwal ◽  
Jagadeesh Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Mullite Phase ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Phase Characterization ◽  
Mineralogical Phase

Present research work was focused to investigate the firing temperature effects on mineralogical phase composition of nine clay bricks collected from the brick factory of Kathmandu valley using X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analyses. Main mineralogical phases of quartz, feldspars, spinel, mullite and hematite in the brick specimens fired at different firing temperatures including muscovite type of mica mineral in the sun-dried brick specimen are identified from XRD and FTIR analyses. Disappearance of the muscovite type of mica clay mineral with feldspars enhanced to form alumina rich spinel phase at firing 900° to 1000° C, and finally the primary mullite phase in the fired clay brick samples is clearly observed at 1100° C firing temperature.BIBECHANA 16 (2019) 122-130

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