Application of Dry Grass for Clay Brick Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Nonthaphong Phonphuak
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks

In this paper, effects of incorporation of dry grass on the properties of clay bricks were investigated. Clay bricks fabricated with 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 % (w/w) of dry grass were tested. The clay brick specimens were fired at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C to study for bulk density, apparent porosity water absorption and compressive strength of brick samples were investigated. Results revealed that the bulk density of clay bricks were reduced when dry grass dosages increased. Results also shown that the increasing in bulk density were obtained when the firing temperature increased. The compressive strength of clay bricks was decreased when dry grass dosages increased. The addition of 2.5 % (w/w) dry grass fired at 1100 °C showed the optimal condition which indicated 11.6 MPa of compressive strength and 1.78 g/cm3 of bulk density. However, results indicated that a decrease in water absorption and apparent porosity were found when the firing temperature increased. Test results also revealed that the addition of dry grass for clay brick production lead to utilize a potential material as the additive to raw clay-bricks in the manufacturing of lightweight clay bricks.

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Clay Bricks Fabricated with a Powdered Marble Dust Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Mana Eambua ◽  
Arpapan Satayavibul ◽  
Watcharakhon Nethan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Marble Dust

The objective of this study was to recycle powdered marble dust to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight clay bricks. Varying amounts of powdered marble dust (10, 20, 30, and 40 vol.%) were added to a lightweight clay brick at the firing temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. When higher quantities of powdered marble dust were added, the values of porosity and water absorption increased while those of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased. The decrease in apparent porosity and water absorption were also affected by the increase in firing temperature. The most desirable properties of the clay bricks were obtained for the powdered marble dust content of 40 vol.% and firing temperature 900 °C: bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3, compressive strength 9.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.32 W/m.K, and water absorption 22.5%.

scholarly journals Effect of firing temperature on physico-mechanical properties of contemporary clay brick productions in Lalitpur, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
NB Bohara ◽  
DB Ghale ◽  
YP Chapagain ◽  
N Duwal ◽  
J Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength

Effect of firing temperature on some physico-mechanical properties of ten brick samples, those were composed by feldspars, quartz, alumina-rich spinel, primary mullite and hematite phases, was investigated in accordance with ASTM standards. The brick samples fired between 700° to 1100° C showed 11-23 % water adsorptivity (WA), 19-37 % apparent porosity (AP) and 1.50-1.65 g/cm3 bulk density (BD) indicate good physical properties. The maximum compressive strength (CS) of the fired-bricks at 950° to 1000° C was found to be between 15.6 and 17.1 MPa. At 700°-1000° C firing temperatures, the CS of these bricks is found to be increased exponentially with decreasing of both WA and AP, however it is found to be increased with increasing the BD. Consequently, it can be said that there is good correlation between mechanical and physical properties of the fired-brick samples up to the firing temperature of 1000° C. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(1), 43-52, 2020

Effect of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash on Properties of Lightweight Clay Bricks

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of rice husk and rice husk ash which have the difference chemical composition and organic matter on porosity and properties of lightweight clay brick . Comparative adding between rice husk and rice husk ash were varied by 10, 20, 30, 40 % by weight. The results showed that more adding of rice husk and rice husk ash increase pore in microstructure and water absorption, while decrease bulk density. Porosity and water absorption are maximized when the rice husk are added at 40 %. The clay brick with 10, 20 and 30 % of rice husk or rice husk ash addition showed the required density and compressive strength followed the industrial standard of lightweight brick. The addition with 10 % of rice husk showed the best properties as 1.20 g/cm3 of bulk density and 4.6 MPa of compressive strength with 36.57 % of porosity. Whereas, the 10 % addition of rice husk ash showed 1.18 g/cm3 of bulk density and 5.97 MPa with 37.27 % of porosity.

scholarly journals Study on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ancient Clay Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagadeesh Bhattarai ◽  
Dol Bahadur Ghale ◽  
Yagya Prasad Chapagain ◽  
Narendra Bahadur Bohara ◽  
Nijan Duwal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Clay Brick

Physical and mechanical properties of seven ancient clay brick samples of Kathmandu valley consisting of quartz, feldspars, spinel, margarite, muscovite type of mica mineral and hematite were studied using ASTM standards. All the brick samples used in this study have the water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density in the range of 10-28 percent, 17-33 percent and 1.2-1.8 g/cm3, respectively, while the compressive strength of all the brick samples is found to be in the range of 5-23 MPa. The bulk density of the tile samples is found to be increased with decreasing the water absorption and apparent porosity. The compressive strength of all the clay brick samples can be correlated with their physical properties. Consequently, durability of the ancient bricks is directly influenced by their physical properties of water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density.

Influence of Rice Husk Ash on the Engineering Properties of Fired-Clay Brick

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.C. Khoo ◽  
I. Johari ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Sand Temperature

The aim of this study is to determine the influence of rice husk ash (RHA) on the engineering properties of fired-clay brick with the present of 10% sand. Temperature 1200°C is selected as the optimum temperature based on the preliminaries study. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), were carried out to determine the characteristic of raw materials used. Mechanical properties of rice husk ash-clay bricks are determined in terms of compressive strength, porosity and water absorption. The results shows that increase in RHA replacement percentage reduce the compressive strength and linear shrinkage of fired-clay bricks while the porosity and water absorption value increase. From the investigation, we can conclude that the optimum mixing ratio for fired-clay brick containing RHA is 15% because it complied with the minimum requirement for building material in term of strength and water absorption.

scholarly journals Effect of the change of firing temperature on microstructure and physical properties of clay bricks from Beruas (Malaysia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Johari ◽  
S. Said ◽  
B. Hisham ◽  
A. Bakar ◽  
Z.A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Optimum Firing ◽  
Optimum Firing Temperature

This study is focused on the behaviour of fired-clay brick from the area around Beruas (Malaysia) that is known for it brick industries. The firing temperatures were set from 800?C to 1250?C and soaking time was fixed for an hour. The effects of firing temperature on the phase changes, microstructure, compressive strength, water absorption and porosity of the bricks were investigated. Test results indicate that the optimum firing temperature was found to be 1200?C. The percentage of porosity significantly reduces from 39.33% to 5.87% when sintered from 1000?C to 1250?C. Bricks sintered at 1200?C exhibited the highest strength of 89.5 N/mm2. The effect of firing temperature significantly improved the microstructure in terms of porosity and the quality of physical properties of fired-clay bricks.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Porous Material Obtained by Low Replacement of Volcanic Ash by Aluminum Beverage Cans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bernard Missota Priso Dickson ◽  
Claudine Mawe Noussi ◽  
Louise Ndongo Ebongue ◽  
Joseph Dika Manga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Porous Material ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Inorganic Polymers

This study focuses on the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of a porous material based on a mixture of powder (Volcanic ash /Aluminum Beverage Cans) and a solution of phosphoric acid. Volcanic ash (VA) use was collected in one of the quarries of Mandjo (Cameroon coastal region), crushed, then characterized by XRF, DRX, FTIR and named MaJ. The various polymers obtained are called MaJ0, MaJ2.5, MaJ5, MaJ7.5 and MaJ10 according to the mass content of the additions of the powder from the aluminum beverage cans (ABCs). The physical and mechanical properties of the synthetic products were evaluated by determining the apparent porosity, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. The results of this study show that the partial replacement of the powder of VA by that of ABC leads to a reduction in the compressive strength (5.9 - 0.8 MPa) and bulk density (2.56 – 1.32 g/cm3) of the polymers obtained. On the other hand, apparent porosity, water absorption and pore formation within the polymers increases with addition of the powder from the beverage cans. All of these results allow us to agree that the ABCs powder can be used as a blowing agent during the synthesis of phosphate inorganic polymers.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly use of eggshell powder as a bio-filler and flux material to enhance technological properties of fired clay bricks

10.30544/628 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blasius Ngayakamo ◽  
Assia Mahamat Aboubakar ◽  
Charles Gbetoglo Komadja ◽  
Abdulhakeem Bello ◽  
Azikiwe Peter Onwualu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Eggshell Waste

In this work, an experimental investigation on the use of eggshell powder from waste eggshells as an alternative source of bio-filler and flux to enhance the technological properties of fired clay bricks were carried out. Four different batch compositions were formed with eggshell powder as a bio-filler and flux replacing clay-soil up to 15 wt.%. The clay bricks were prepared by the casting method and were fired at 800, 900, and 1000 °C at the heating rate of 8 °C/min for 120 minutes. The raw materials and produced fired clay bricks were characterized by SEM/EDS, XRF, and XRD, respectively. Besides, technological properties of fired clay bricks (eg. water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density, and compressive strength) were also determined. The results showed that adding 15 wt.% of eggshell powder as a bio-filler and flux yielded a compressive strength of 4.8 MPa, the bulk density of 2.1 g/cm3, and a lower water absorption value of 11.1% at the firing temperature of 1000 °C. Consequently, the use of eggshell as a bio-filler and flux to enhance the technological properties of fired clay bricks is promising and can be considered as an effective alternative method to reduce environmental concerns caused by inappropriate discarding and landfill construction to dispose of eggshell waste.

scholarly journals Influence of the diameter of ground date pits on the technological properties of clay bricks

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (372) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Djafri ◽  
N. Chelouah
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Date Pits

Abstract The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diameter of ground date pits (GDP) on the technological properties of a clay brick. For this purpose, increasing amounts of GDP (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%) with different diameters were mixed with a clay to produce clay bricks by pressing, drying and then firing at 900 °C. The GDP diameter and content changed the water requirement for plasticity. The shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity of fired clay brick increased with the content and diameter of GDP. The compressive strength, apparent density and thermal conductivity of the samples decreased with the increase in diameter and content of GDP. With the help of SEM micrographs, it was observed that the combustion of added GDP in the mixture led to a reduction in the diameter of pores formed in the fired clay brick samples.

scholarly journals Olive Stone Ash as Secondary Raw Material for Fired Clay Bricks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Eliche-Quesada ◽  
M. A. Felipe-Sesé ◽  
A. Infantes-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Secondary Raw Material

This work evaluates the effect of incorporation of olive stone ash, as secondary raw material, on the properties of fired clay bricks. To this end, three compositions containing 10, 20, and 30 wt% olive stone ash in a mixture of clays (30 wt% red, 30 wt% yellow, and 40 wt% black clay) from Spain were prepared. The raw materials, clay and olive stone ash, were characterized by means of XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and TG-TDA analysis. The engineering properties of the press molded specimens fired at 900°C (4 h) such as linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption, and compressive strength were evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of 10 wt% of olive stone ash produced bricks with suitable technological properties, with values of compressive strength of 41.9 MPa but with a reduced bulk density, by almost 4%. By contrast, the incorporation of 20 wt% and 30 wt% sharply increased the water absorption as a consequence of the large amount of open porosity and low mechanical strength presented by these formulations, which do not meet the standards for their use as face bricks. The bricks do not present environmental problems according to the leaching test.

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