scholarly journals Forms of international movement of capital with special emphasis on the PPP and concessions

Spatium ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Sanja Sovran ◽  
Miroljub Hadzic
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Public Baths ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reduce Risk

The state has always cooperated with the private sector in order to implement various activities in the best interest of public. The first models of public-private partnerships (PPP) appeared at the time of the Roman Empire in the context of public works in construction of public baths, markets and ports. Contemporary international movement of capital is a phenomenon that has existed for over a century. When discussing the PPP in modern day terms, the expansion of private involvement in the public sector starts in the 1970s and the 1980s of the previous century, in public infrastructure projects and in most developed economies. The primary purpose of these arrangements is to reduce expenditures in state budgets, but also to achieve faster and better execution of work, reduce risk and efficiently manage the projects. This paper will briefly present the evolution of PPPs and concessions, with an emphasis on understanding money and capital throughout the evolution of PPP, contemporary forms of movement of capital, as well as equity in terms of globalization. The subject of this paper are also examples of the important PPPs and concessions from the construction of the Suez Canal until today.

scholarly journals REVISITING THE OPTIMAL STATIONARY PUBLIC INVESTMENT POLICY IN ENDOGENOUS GROWTH ECONOMIES

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO A. MARRERO
Keyword(s):  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Elasticity Of Intertemporal Substitution ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Public Investment Policy

One part of the literature on endogenous growth concerns models where public infrastructure affects the private production process. An unsolved puzzle in this literature concerns observed public investment-to-output ratios for developed economies, which tend to fall short of theoretical model-based optimal ratios. We reexamine the optimal choice of public investment in a more general framework. This setting allows for long-lasting capital stocks, a lower depreciation rate for public capital than for private capital, an elasticity of intertemporal substitution that differs from unity, and the need to finance a nontrivial share of public services in output. Given other fundamentals in the economy, we show that the optimal public investment-to-output ratio is smaller for low-growth economies, for economies populated by consumers with low preferences for substituting consumption intertemporally, and when public capital is durable. For a calibrated economy, we show that a combination of these factors solves the public investment puzzle.

scholarly journals Stakeholder Power-Interest Analysis of disaster insurance for public infrastructure in Semarang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Jati Utomo Dwi Hatmoko ◽  
Dita Mentari Putri ◽  
Ferry Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disaster Insurance ◽  
Asset Managers

The use of disaster insurance for public infrastructure is still uncommon in Indonesia, including in Semarang. The success of the adoption of disaster insurance for public infrastructure is inevitably dependent on the acceptance of stakeholders. The aim of this study is to analyse the power and interest of stakeholders towards the use of disaster insurance for public infrastructure in Semarang. Data was collected via interviews and focussed group discussions with stakeholders of Semarang government officials, asset managers, users, etc. The power-interest grid of stakeholders divides the stakeholders based on their levels of power and interests, resulting in four categories, i.e. players, subjects, crowds, and context setters. This research identified the players are the Mayor, Regional Disaster Management Authority, and Regional Financial and Asset Management Authority (5.5%); the subjects category includes The Public Works Department of Human Settlements and Highways, Public Works Department, Trade Department, majority Public Health Center (40.7%); the crowds are Education Department and majority public schools (53.7%); and no context setters (0%). This study found that low trust in the insurer is a major factor causing a lack of interest in the use of insurance. The results of this study are valuable to understand the stakeholder map of Semarang city based on power and interest aspects, and serve as a basis for developing disaster insurance adoption strategies for public infrastructure.

Paine’s Debt to Hume?

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Allan Potofsky
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Sovereignty ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Wealth Of Nations

It has been famously argued that Tom Paine was not much of an economic thinker. Indeed, in his published work, we see relatively scarce systematic commentary on the subject. But, as befitting his origins in a mercantile family, Paine as a young man had prepared for a career as an excise officer. He later fully participated in a broader Enlightenment conversation about the new world of credit, trade, commercial and monetary policies, among other fiscal issues of early globalization. In particular, Paine formulated a systematic critique of public debt as a compelling way to discuss political sovereignty, the social contract, and the true wealth of nations – among other issues. In 1796, in France, Paine published a critique of wartime funding of the British economy with the publication of The Decline and Fall of the English System of Finance inspired by the title of Gibbon’s The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776). Paine’s denunciation of the economic self-mutilation caused by British wartime expansionism focused on a reform by the Prime Minister, William Pitt the Younger, who partially privatized the public debt of Britain. The British pound sterling was henceforth sustained by mysterious private loans whose very terms were obscured from public opinion. This article argues that the pamphlet had many parallels to David Hume’s 1752 essay Of Public Debt which Hume revised after the Seven Years War with a radical critique of public debt. The Humean origins of many of Paine’s arguments are manifest in the corrupting nature of public debt tied to military expenditure. To Hume and Paine, gimmicky forms of state borrowing in times of war lead to the bankruptcy of expansionist absolutism and to the eventual “decline and fall” of belligerent empires.

scholarly journals Productive Effects of Public Works Programs: What do we know? What should we know?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Gehrke ◽  
Renate Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Alternative Interventions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Poor Households

Public works programs (PWPs) are popular development interventions due to their potential ‘double dividend’ of transferring income to the poor while at the same time creating public infrastructure. However, PWPs are costly and demanding from an administrative perspective and it is not clear whether they are the most cost-effective intervention to reduce poverty. Therefore, an assessment of PW programs needs to understand which benefits and costs these programs entail relative to other interventions, and whether or not the extra cost can be outweighed by generating benefits over and above those of alternative interventions, such as Cash Transfer programs.This paper seeks to identify these benefits, and develops a conceptual framework that highlights four mechanisms through which PWPs could strengthen the productive capacity of poor households beyond the effects of Cash Transfers: productive investments, labor market effects, skills development, and increases in trade and production. It then reviews available empirical evidence from PWPs in developing countries. The results suggest that PWPs can induce productive investments via income and insurance effects when the program is sufficiently reliable and long-term. PWPs can also have positive welfare effects by raising wages, but potential adverse effects on labor markets have to be taken into account. Implicit or explicit training components of PWPs do not seem to increase the employability or business earnings of participants. Finally, there is only scant empirical evidence on the productive effects of the public infrastructure generated by PWPs, and further research is crucial to understand and quantify those effects. This paper concludes that PWPs are only preferable over alternative interventions if they generate substantial investments among the target group, if there is clear evidence that private-sector wages are below equilibrium wages, or if the public infrastructure generated in PWPs has substantial growth effects.

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Pemanfaatan Sewa Barang Milik Negara: Tanah Pengairan Solo Valley Warken Kabupaten Lamongan (Studi di Desa Pelangwot Kecamatan Laren dan Desa Sedayulawas Kecamatan Brondong)

2021 ◽  
Vol 007 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Raharwindy Kharisma Sudrajat ◽  
Alfi Haris Wanto ◽  
Bambang Supriyono
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Company ◽  
The Subject

After the development of the floodway, the Solo Valley Warken Irrigation Land that has not been and is not used for irrigation needs can be used by the subject of the lease by paying a fee that has been determined by the Public Works Office for Water Resources (SDA) of Lamongan Regency so that it can be used to meet the needs of community land. which is increasing. As for the fees that are generated each year, it will be divided according to the cooperation agreement between the Public Company (PERUM) Jasa Tirta I and the Autonomous Regional Government of Lamongan Regency. Although the ratio of effectiveness between the target of receiving retribution and revenue realization is very effective, its contribution to PAD in Lamongan Regency is still far below the average.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GOVERNMENTS’ REASONS/MOTIVATIONS FOR ADOPTING PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP POLICY IN DEVELOPING AND DEVELOPED ECONOMIES/COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Osei-Kyei ◽  
Albert P. C. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Practice Framework

Over the last couple of decades, governments in developing and developed economies/countries have shown interest in the public-private partnership (PPP) policy. Different governments have different reasons for adopting the PPP concept. This paper aims to investigate the differences and similarities on the reasons for implementing PPP in develop-ing and developed economies/countries, represented by Ghana and Hong Kong. An empirical questionnaire survey was conducted with relevant experienced practitioners in both jurisdictions. One hundred and three completed questionnaires were returned for analysis. The results from the non-parametric test show five reasons with significant differences. Reasons related to the economic and social benefits of PPP are ranked higher in Ghana, whereas efficiency and quality service related reasons are ranked higher in Hong Kong. Further, two reasons for adopting PPP emerged as very important in both jurisdictions; these include: “promotes quick delivery of public infrastructure projects” and “allows for shared risks”. The outputs of this study contribute to the international best practice framework for PPP. International private investors would be informed of the expectations of governments when engaging in PPP arrangement particularly in Asia and Africa.

MUNDANE MIRACLES IN AWADH. ENCOUNTERS WITH THE REVEALED AND THE HIDDEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Maxim B. Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Local People ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Mughal Empire ◽  
The Public ◽  
British Raj ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Other World ◽  
Better Than

The sphere of the unknown, supernatural and miraculous is one of the most popular subjects for everyday discussions in Ayodhya – the last of the provinces of the Mughal Empire, which entered the British Raj in 1859, and in the distant past – the space of many legendary and mythological events. Mostly they concern encounters with inhabitants of the “other world” – spirits, ghosts, jinns as well as miraculous healings following magic rituals or meetings with the so-called saints of different religions (Hindu sadhus, Sufi dervishes),with incomprehensible and frightening natural phenomena. According to the author’s observations ideas of the unknown in Avadh are codified and structured in Avadh better than in other parts of India. Local people can clearly define if they witness a bhut or a jinn and whether the disease is caused by some witchcraft or other reasons. Perhaps that is due to the presence in the holy town of a persistent tradition of katha, the public presentation of plots from the Ramayana epic in both the narrative and poetic as well as performative forms. But are the events and phenomena in question a miracle for the Avadhvasis, residents of Ayodhya and its environs, or are they so commonplace that they do not surprise or fascinate? That exactly is the subject of the essay, written on the basis of materials collected by the author in Ayodhya during the period of 2010 – 2019. The author would like to express his appreciation to Mr. Alok Sharma (Faizabad) for his advice and cooperation.

Rhetorical Competitions as a Means of Developing Communicative and Linguistic Competences in 10th–11th Grade School Students of a Polycultural School

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
S. A. Akhmadeeva ◽  
M. J. Gadzhieva
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Public ◽  
Written Examination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Oral Presentations ◽  
Universal Themes ◽  
11Th Grade ◽  
Speech Situation

This study was aimed at identifying new effective forms that could facilitate the achievement of a practice-oriented result, i.e. students’ ability to communicate in any speech situation, as well as their readiness for various kinds of oral and written examination tests, including the public defence of projects in the 10th grade and writing December essays in the 11th grade. The article considers rhetorical competitions as a means of developing communicative and linguistic competencies among 10th–11th grade students of a polycultural school. The article provides recommendations on organizing such competitions, criteria for evaluating presentations, examples of oral presentations. A textual analysis of the folklore material of Dagestanian and Russian fairy tales and proverbs allowed the authors to conclude that an inexhaustible set of universal themes that have become the subject of reflection in different nations, can teach students to respect other cultures and extend their knowledge of the world and other people. The experience of a rhetorical competition in high school on the basis of fairy tales and proverbs of different nations is expected to help students form such core competencies as critical thinking, creativity, communication and cooperation (ability to work in a team).

Strategi Humas Partai Gerindra dalam Membangun Citra Partai pada Pemilu 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rialdo Rezeky ◽  
Muhammad Saefullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Media Relations ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Right ◽  
Participatory Observation

The approach of this research is qualitative and descriptive. In this study those who become the subject of research is an informant (key figure). The subject of this study is divided into two main components, consisting of internal public and external public that is from the Board of the Central Executive Board of Gerindra Party, Party Cadres, Observers and Journalists. The object of this research is the behavior, activities and opinions of Gerindra Party Public Relation Team. In this study used data collection techniques with interviews, participatory observation, and triangulation of data. The results of this study indicate that the Public Relations Gerindra has implemented strategies through various public relations programs and establish good media relations with the reporters so that socialization goes well. So also with the evaluation that is done related to the strategy of the party. The success of Gerindra Party in maintaining the party’s image in Election 2014 as a result of the running of PR strategy and communication and sharing the right type of program according to the characteristics of the voting community or its constituents.Keywords: PR Strategy, Gerindra Party, Election 2014

“Manual for the Design and Execution of the Repair of Concrete Structures” of the Public Works Research Institute

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1162-1168
Author(s):  
H. Katahira ◽  
I. Sasaki ◽  
I. Naitou ◽  
H. Sakuraba
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Public Works ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Institute
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