scholarly journals Obesity and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as diagnosed by ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 910-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Petrovic ◽  
Goran Bjelakovic ◽  
Daniela Benedeto-Stojanov ◽  
Aleksandar Nagorni ◽  
Vesna Brzacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Introduction/ aim. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease of a broad histological spectrum, characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in more than 5% of hepatocytes in the absence of consuming alcohol in quantities harmful to the liver. The aim of our study was to determine the importance of anthropometric and laboratory parameters as well as metabolic syndrome (MS) for the diagnosis of NAFLD and to estimate their influence on the degree of liver steatosis as evaluated by ultrasound (US). Methods. The study included 86 participants, 55 of whom had fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasound and they comprised the study group. The control group consisted of 31 control subjects. During the course of hospitalization at the Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Centre Nis, the patients had their anamnesis taken, and anthropometric measurements as well as biochemical blood analyses and abdominal ultrasound were performed. Results. The patients with NAFLD had statistically higher values of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), levels of alanin and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT, AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterole (LDL), total bilirubin (TBIL) (p<0.05), total cholesterol (p<0.01), triglycerides (TGL), urates, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, fibrinogenes, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) (p<0.001), whereas the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) were higher in the control group (p<0.05). In the NAFLD group, there were statistically significantly more patients with hypertension (72.73% vs. 12.90%, p<0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (47.27%). Metabolic syndrome was determined in 48 (87.27%) patients of the study group. An equal number of patients, 16 of them (29.09%), had 3, 4 and 5 components of MS. In the NAFLD group there were 17 overweight (30.91%) (BMI from 25 kg/m2 to 29.9 kg/m2) and 38 (69.09%) obese patients. (BMI ? 30.0 kg/m2). The largest number of patients in the obesity group, 22 (40.00%) of them, had the first degree obesity (BMI from 30 kg/m2 to 34.99 kg/m2). The largest number of the NAFLD group patients - 23 (41.82%), had an ultrasound finding of grade 3 fatty liver, 20 patients (36.36%) had grade 2 and 12 (21.82%) grade 1 fatty liver. Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA analysis showed statistically significant differences between groups with different US grade for insulin, LDL-cholesterol, WC, BMI (p<0.05), as well as HOMA-IR and body weight (BW) (p<0.01). Metabolic syndrome was statistically more present in patients with US finding grades 2 and 3 (p<0.01) in relation to grade 1 US finding, as well as obesity, hypertension and DM type 2 (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results of our study have confirmed that a high percentage of patients with high risk factors (DM, MS, dyslipidemia, hypertension) have NAFLD.

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome in childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (11) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
N. N. Vlasov ◽  
E. A. Kornienko
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

There is ample evidence that insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity are at the heart of the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The disease is now considered as the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome (MS).64 children with NAFLD were assessed for metabolic syndrome stigma. An analysis was also made on the state of the problem according to the literature on the general links of the pathogenesis of these conditions, methods of diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.All components of MS are observed with different frequencies in patients with NAFD. This disease, together with type 2 diabetes mellitus, becomes very common diseases in childhood. The incidence of NAFLD in children is constantly growing, it has begun to occur in infants, an outcome in cirrhosis of the liver is possible within childhood, although the prognosis for NAFLD remains definitely uncertain. Weight loss with a low glycemic index diet, regular exercise, and other lifestyle changes are the mainstay of NAFLD treatment, but not yet very effective for various reasons. In these conditions, it is necessary to increase the role of primary prevention of MS and NAFLD.

scholarly journals Non alcoholic fatty liver disease is a predictor of subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in the presence of Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Cemal Kemaloglu ◽  
Melek Didem Kemaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (c-imt) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to determine whether NAFLD is an independent predictor for the progression of atherosclerosis.  Method: This is a prospective randomized controlled study. 103 NAFLD patients who have hepatosteatosis with grade II and above were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into NAFLD with metabolic syndrome (MS) and NAFLD without MS groups and compared with 50 healthy people. Basal demographic characteristics and C-imt of all patients and control group were measured.  Results: C-imt and carotid cross sectional area rates in the NAFLD groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The mean and max. c-imt levels were significantly higher in the NAFLD group with metabolic syndrome (p<0,001). Homeostatic Model of Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were increased in the group with metabolic syndrome than those in the group without metabolic syndrome, with statistical significance (p<0.001). There was no difference in c-imt levels between HOMA-IR positive and negative groups (p=0.254) in patients with NAFLD and without metabolic syndrome. There was only a mild positive corelation between c-imt levels and high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in metabolic syndrome positive group (p=0.026 r=0.30).  Conclusion: NAFLD was a significant predictor to determine the increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis. 

scholarly journals Real-world comorbidities and treatment patterns among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease receiving phosphatidylcholine as adjunctive therapy in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V Maev ◽  
Aleksey A Samsonov ◽  
Liudmila K Palgova ◽  
Chavdar S Pavlov ◽  
Elena Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Metabolic Comorbidities ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

ObjectivePrevious research conducted in Russia showed that the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated metabolic comorbidities is large. We conducted an observational study to describe the management of NAFLD in patients with metabolic syndrome in Russia.DesignA total of 2843 adult patients from 174 medical sites across 6 federal districts of Russia with newly diagnosed NAFLD, who had at least one of four comorbidities, namely overweight/obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolaemia, and who received phosphatidylcholine (PPC) as an adjunctive treatment to standard care, were enrolled during 2015–2016.ResultsOverall, 2263 patients (79.6%) had at least two metabolic comorbidities associated with NAFLD; overweight/obesity was the most common comorbidity reported in 2298 patients (80.8%). Simple steatosis was the most frequently identified clinical form of NAFLD, diagnosed in 2128 patients (74.9%). Among hypertensive patients, ACE inhibitors, statins, and sartans were most commonly prescribed. Biguanides were administered in more than half of diabetic patients. In patients with overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolaemia, statins were the most frequently prescribed medications. Almost all patients (2837/2843; 99.8%) were treated with 1.8 g of PPC three times per day. PPC therapy was associated with a 90.5% 6-month compliance rate, high treatment satisfaction, and a favourable safety profile. However, almost 15% of diabetic patients and 40% of overweight/obese patients received no further treatment.ConclusionsIn Russia, patients with newly diagnosed NAFLD represent a population heavily burdened by comorbidities, mainly overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolaemia. A significant part of these patients did not receive a comprehensive pharmacotherapy, highlighting the existing unmet need in the current management of NAFLD patients with metabolic syndrome in Russia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of complex treatment of patients with postoperative hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
V.E. Gavrylenko
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Levothyroxine Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive treatment of patients with postoperative hypothyroidism (PH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and methods. 40 patients (20 men and 20 women) aged 42±6 years with PH and NAFLD were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: main (n=20) and control (n=20). Prior to the study and after 1 month, the level of total cholesterol (TH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was determined. Patients in both groups were prescribed levothyroxine sodium (125-175 μg a day). Additionally, the 1st group of patients received arginine hydrochloride 42 mg/ml according to the scheme 200 ml a day per 15 days, the next 15 days L-arginine aspartate 200 mg/ml 5 ml a day. And the control group received only levothyroxine sodium. Results. The level of TH in 1st group decreased from 7.1±0.8 to 6.7±0.4 mmol/l, and in 2nd – from 7.2±0.7 to 6.97±0.35 mmol/l. In the 1st group TG decreased from 3.9±0.4 to 3.5±0.3 mmol/l, and in the 2nd – from 3.8±0.5 to 3.7±0.1 mmol/l. LDL in 1st group decreased from 5.9±1.4 to 5.5±1.2 mmol/l, in the 2nd – from 5.8±1.3 to 5.7±1.4 mmol/l. The level of ALT in 1st group decreased from 47.5±1.82 to 40.1±1.73 IU/l, the level of AST – from 41.3±1.52 to 39.8±1.33 IU/l, in no changes in AST and ALT levels were observed in the control group. Conclusions. Comprehensive treatment of patients with PH and NAFLD contributed to the improvement of liver transaminases (reduction of AST, ALT), as well as the normalization of the lipid profile (reduction of TC, TG and LDL).

scholarly journals Clinical and Biochemical Predictors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Atwa ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Husseiny Abd-Allah ◽  
Jacklien Labib
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Obesity and associated co-morbidities are growing worldwide, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which become one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases in both children and adults. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and biochemical predictors associated with NAFLD among obese children. Materials and Methods Ninety obese children and adolescents, aged 12–18 years, were enrolled in this study. All were subjected to anthropometric measurement; biochemical analysis included fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and liver function tests. Ultrasonography was used to diagnose NAFLD. Results The frequency of NAFLD was 38.9% among obese children 68.6% of them met the criteria of metabolic syndrome. Children with NAFLD had significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, ALT, total cholesterol, LDL-c, TG, fasting insulin, and lower HDL-c compared to patients with normal liver ultrasound (p < 0.05). Insulin resistance was significantly more common among NAFLD group (88.6% vs. 18.2%) (p < 001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI and HOMA-IR are the independent predictors for NAFLD with (P 0.034 and 0.022) respectively Conclusion More than one third of obese children have NAFLD, which is closely linked to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Hepatic-Metabolite-Based Intermittent Fasting Enables a Sustained Reduction in Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Rohner ◽  
Robert Heiz ◽  
Simon Feldhaus ◽  
Stefan R. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractInsulin resistance is the hallmark of Type 2 Diabetes and is still an unmet medical need. Insulin resistance lies at the crossroads of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, weight loss and exercise resistance, heart disease, stroke, depression, and brain health. Insulin resistance is purely nutrition related, with a typical molecular disease food intake pattern. The insulin resistant state is accessible by TyG as the appropriate surrogate marker, which is found to lead the personalized molecular hepatic nutrition system for highly efficient insulin resistance remission. Treating insulin resistance with a molecular nutrition-centered approach shifts the treatment paradigm of Type 2 Diabetes from management to cure. This allows remission within five months, with a high efficiency rate of 85%. With molecular intermittent fasting a very efficient treatment for prediabetes and metabolic syndrome is possible, improving the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL) state and enabling the body to lose weight in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Frequency of metabolic syndrome among newly detected type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and high serum alanine aminotransferase levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Nayeemul Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Tufayel Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Datta
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease world-wide. It has strong association with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in newly detected T2DM patients having NAFLD with high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 110 newly detected T2DM patients with high serum ALT level were evaluated. To find out the etiology of high serum ALT level, abdominal ultrasonography was done to detect NAFLD cases along with other relevant investigations. All NAFLD cases then underwent further evaluation for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Results: Out of 110 study subjects, NAFLD was detected in 80 (72.7%) individuals. According to International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria, metabolic syndrome was detected in 56 (56/80, 70%) of NAFLD cases. Among the 56 patients with NAFLD, male were 24 (42.9%) and female were 32 (57.1%) and 14 (14/56, 25%) cases had all five components of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was found in all female NAFLD subjects (32, 100%). Mean age of patients with metabolic syndrome was 43.11±10.77 years and mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.87±3.72 kg/m2. Hypertension was found in 37.5% cases. High BMI (e”25 kg/m2) was found in 87.5% cases. Mild, moderate and severe fatty liver were found in 28.6%, 46.4% and 25% cases respectively. Dyslipidemia was found in all (56, 100%) NAFLD subjects with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome had significant correlation with BMI (p 0.00), abdominal obesity (p 0.00) and serum triglyceride level (p 0.04). Conclusion: Over two-thirds of T2DM patients having NAFLD had metabolic syndrome in this study. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 21-25

scholarly journals A nem alkoholos zsírmáj mint a metabolikus szindróma komponense és kauzális kapcsolatai egyéb kórképekkel

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (52) ◽  
pp. 2051-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Halmos ◽  
Ilona Suba
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common non-infectious chronic liver-disease in our age, and is a spectrum of all the diseases associated with increased fat accumulation in the hepatocytes. Its development is promoted by sedentary life-style, over-feeding, and certain genetic predisposition. Prevalence in the adult population, even in Hungary is ~30%. In a part of cases, this disease may pass into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, later into fibrosis, rarely into primary hepatocellular cancer. Fatty liver is closely and bidirectionally related to the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, and nowadays there is a general consensus that fatty liver is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic sycndrome. The importance of the fatty liver has been highly emphasized recently. In addition to the progression into steatohepatitis, its causal relationship with numerous extrahepatic disorders has been discovered. In our overview, we deal with the epidemiology, pathomechanism of the disease, discuss the possibilities of diagnosis, its relationship with the intestinal microbiota, its recently recognized correlations with bile acids and their receptors, and its supposed correlations with the circadian CLOCK system. Hereinafter, we overview those extrahepatic disorders, which have been shown to be causal link with the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Among these, we emphasize the metabolic syndrome/type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, chronic kidney disease, sleep apnea/hypoventilation syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, and psoriasis, as well. Based on the above, it can be stated, that high risk individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease need systemic care, and require the detection of other components of this systemic pathological condition. While currently specific therapy for the disease is not yet known, life-style changes, adequate use of available medicines can prevent disease progression. Promising research is under way, including drugs, manipulation of the intestinal flora or the possibility of therapeutic use of bile acid receptors, and also bariatric surgery. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(52): 2051–2061.

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