scholarly journals Red blood cell alloimmunization in pregnancy: A 10-year single-centre study

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
Nevenka Bujandric ◽  
Jasmina Grujic ◽  
Zorana Budakov-Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background/Aim. Pregnancy-induced red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is important not only because of the possible negative effects on subsequent pregnancy outcomes, in case the fetus carries the antigen, but also because of the optimal transfusion management in cases of obstetric haemorrhage. Timely detection of RBC antibodies is part of a testing, prevention and treatment strategy aimed at achieving better outcomes for alloimmunized mothers with an affected fetus. The aim was to determine the frequency and specificity of alloantibodies among pregnant women from the South Backa District, with special attention to the incidence of anti-D alloantibody. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 in the Blood Transfusion Institute of Vojvodina. Screening and antibody identification were performed by an indirect antiglobulin test in gel-microcards (ID-Card Liss/Coombs) with two test RBC (ID-DiaCell I-II screening cells, Bio-Rad, Cressier, Switzerland), on an automated system (IH-500, Bio-Rad). Results. Among 25694 tested pregnant women 1.38% were actively immunized, while 1.12% antibodies was identified in the current pregnancy. Among 3622 (14.09%) RhD-negative women 1.77% with anti-D produced during the ongoing pregnancy were found. Distribution of antibody specificity was: anti-D 23.34%, anti-M 11.85%, anti-E 9.41%, anti-K 9.41%, anti-C 5.92%, anti-Fyb 5.92%, anti-c 3.13%, anti-S 3.13%, anti-Lea 3.13%, anti-Leb 3.13%, anti-Cw 1.75%, anti-Jka 1.40%, anti-P 1.05%, anti-Lub 0.70%, anti-Fya 0.35%, autoantibody of undetermined specificity 0.70%, and irregular antibodies of undetermined specificity 15.68%. Conclusion. Immune globulin prophylaxis has led to a significant reduction in the frequency of D alloimmunization among pregnant women in the South Backa District over the last ten years, but the incidence of anti-D is still significantly higher than in published data for developed countries. We also identified the other, less commonly present, clinically significant antibodies. There is a need to introduce uniform recommendations for immunohematological testing in pregnancy on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, in accordance with modern requirements.

scholarly journals Acute and chronic influence of temperature on red blood cell anion exchange

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B. Jensen ◽  
T. Wang ◽  
J. Brahm
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Freshwater Turtle ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Unidirectional (36)Cl(−) efflux via the red blood cell anion exchanger was measured under Cl(−) self-exchange conditions (i.e. no net flow of anions) in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and red-eared freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta to examine the effects of acute temperature changes and acclimation temperature on this process. We also evaluated the possible adaptation of anion exchange to different temperature regimes by including our previously published data on other animals. An acute temperature increase caused a significant increase in the rate constant (k) for unidirectional Cl(−) efflux in rainbow trout and freshwater turtle. After 3 weeks of temperature acclimation, 5 degrees C-acclimated rainbow trout showed only marginally higher Cl(−) transport rates than 15 degrees C-acclimated trout when compared at the same temperature. Apparent activation energies for red blood cell Cl(−) exchange in trout and turtle were lower than values reported in endothermic animals. The Q(10) for red blood cell anion exchange was 2.0 in trout and 2.3 in turtle, values close to those for CO(2) excretion, suggesting that, in ectothermic animals, the temperature sensitivity of band-3-mediated anion exchange matches the temperature sensitivity of CO(2) transport (where red blood cell Cl(−)/HCO(3)(−) exchange is a rate-limiting step). In endotherms, such as man and chicken, Q(10) values for red blood cell anion exchange are considerably higher but are no obstacle to CO(2) transport, because body temperature is normally kept constant at values at which anion exchange rates are high. When compared at constant temperature, red blood cell Cl(−) permeability shows large differences among species (trout, carp, eel, cod, turtle, alligator, chicken and man). Cl(−) permeabilities are, however, remarkable similar when compared at preferred body temperatures, suggesting an appropriate evolutionary adaptation of red blood cell anion exchange function to the different thermal niches occupied by animals.

Risk factors for the presence of non-rhesus D red blood cell antibodies in pregnancy*

2009 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Koelewijn ◽  
TGM Vrijkotte ◽  
M de Haas ◽  
CE van der Schoot ◽  
GJ Bonsel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Predictive hematological and immunological parameters associated with postpartum progressed Covid-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1567-73
Author(s):  
Fatma Bozkurt ◽  
Omer Coskun ◽  
Sevda Yelec
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Infection Disease ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
High Bmi ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: In pregnancy, Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection disease may be more severe due to existingphysiological changes. Similarly, changes during and after birth can make the patient more subceptible. Objective: To investigate possible laboratory findings that was related to postpartum progression of COVID-19 disease. Methods: Pregnant women who are pregnant at 28 weeks or more and who are COVID-19 positive at the time of delivery were investigated in this study. Progressed post- delivery and non-progressed COVID-19 positive pregnants’ laboratory findings were analyzed. Hematological and immunological parameters associated with postpartum progressed COVID-19 disease were evaluated. Results: Totally 151 individuals were conducted to the study. In the prenatal analysis, higher BMI and lower albumin levels were detected in the progressed group (p<0.05). In the postpartum analysis; White Blood Cell, lymphocyte and albumin were increased, while neutrophil, NLR, LDH, CK, D-DIMER, Ferritin, CRP and IL-6 were decreased in the non-progressed group as opposite of the progressed group (p<005). Conclusion: We observed that prenatal low albumin and high BMI may be related to progression of the COVID-19 disease after delivery. In progressed group, inflammatory markers were increased after delivery while in non-progressed group they were improved. These markers may be warning for the postpartum progression of COVID-19 disease. Keywords: COVID-19; delivery; albumin; neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; pregnancy.

scholarly journals Is natural (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid as effective as synthetic folic acid in increasing serum and red blood cell folate concentrations during pregnancy? A proof-of-concept pilot study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey M Cochrane ◽  
Chantal Mayer ◽  
Angela M Devlin ◽  
Rajavel Elango ◽  
Jennifer A Hutcheon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Natural Form

Abstract Background: Health Canada recommends 0.4 mg/day folic acid before conception and throughout pregnancy to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. Folic acid is a synthetic form of folate that must be reduced by dihydrofolate reductase and then further metabolized in the small intestine. Recent evidence suggests that the maximal capacity for this process is limited and unmetabolized folic acid has been detected in circulation. The biological effects of unmetabolized folic acid are not fully understood. A natural form of folate, (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (Metafolin®), may be a superior alternative because it does not need to be reduced in the small intestine. Metafolin® is currently used in some prenatal multivitamins, however it has yet to be evaluated during pregnancy. Methods: This double-blind randomized trial will recruit 60 pregnant women aged 19-42 years. Women will receive either 0.6 mg/day folic acid or an equimolar dose (0.625 mg/day) of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid for 16-weeks. The trial will be initiated at 8-21 weeks gestation (after neural tube closure) to reduce the risk of harm should (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid prove less effective. All women will also receive a prenatal multivitamin (not containing folate) to ensure adequacy of other nutrients. Baseline and endline blood samples will be collected to assess primary outcome measures, including serum folate, red blood cell folate and unmetabolized folic acid. Change in primary outcomes from baseline to endline in each group will be calculated using a paired-t-test. Discussion: This proof-of-concept trial is needed to obtain estimates of the effect of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid compared to folic acid on circulating biomarkers of folate status during pregnancy. These estimates will inform the design of a definitive trial which will be powered to assess whether (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid is as effective as folic acid in raising blood folate concentrations during pregnancy. Ultimately, these findings will inform folate supplementation policies for pregnant women.

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