scholarly journals Private piety or collective worship in early Christian martyria: Late antique Naissus case study

Zograf ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Olga Spehar
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Real ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Role

Explanation of the purpose of early Christian martyria as places of collective memory is a complex of many different circumstances and meanings and must be observed in accordance. First of all, martyria are architectural monuments dedicated to the martyrs, historical evidences of the martyrial death of those who suffered for Christ - this is a simple explanation of their real meaning. Yet, their social role is even more important than their historical role - martyria continuously transferred an idea of Salvation among the people, becoming thus the places of collective memory. But what happen when the martyr?s relics are ?usurped? by one wealthy family? This paper aim to shed some light on what could have been the real purpose of one such example, the martyrium attached to the basilica on the necropolis in Jagodin Mala in Naissus (modern Nis).

What Is Hidden in the Small Box? Narratives of Late Antique Roman Palestine in Dialogue

AJS Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-94
Author(s):  
Reuven Kiperwasser
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
Judaic Studies ◽  
Roman Palestine ◽  
The Church ◽  
Shared Narrative

This study is a comparative reading of two distinct narrative traditions with remarkably similar features of plot and content. The first tradition is from the Palestinian midrash Kohelet Rabbah, datable to the fifth to sixth centuries. The second is from John Moschos's Spiritual Meadow (Pratum spirituale), which is very close to Kohelet Rabbah in time and place. Although quite similar, the two narratives differ in certain respects. Pioneers of modern Judaic studies such as Samuel Krauss and Louis Ginzberg had been interested in the question of the relationships between early Christian authors and the rabbis; however, the relationships between John Moschos and Palestinian rabbinic writings have never been systematically treated (aside from one enlightening study by Hillel Newman). Here, in this case study, I ask comparative questions: Did Kohelet Rabbah borrow the tradition from Christian lore; or was the church author impressed by the teachings of Kohelet Rabbah? Alternatively, perhaps, might both have learned the shared story from a common continuum of local narrative tradition? Beyond these questions about literary dependence, I seek to understand the shared narrative in its cultural context.

Let the People In! Lessons from a Modern Viking Saga

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-179
Author(s):  
Hélène Landemore
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Real ◽  
The People ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Electoral Democracy ◽  
The Way

This chapter assesses the real-life case study of Iceland to illustrate some of the principles of open democracy. It closely examines the 2010–13 Icelandic constitutional process from which many of the ideas behind this book originally stem. Despite its apparent failure — the constitutional proposal has yet to be turned into law — the Icelandic constitutional process created a precedent for both new ways of writing a constitution and envisioning democracy. The process departed from representative, electoral democracy as we know it in the way it allowed citizens to set the agenda upstream of the process, write the constitutional proposal or at least causally affect it via online comments, and observe most of the steps involved. The chapter also shows that the procedure was not simply inclusive and democratic but also successful in one crucial respect — it produced a good constitutional proposal. This democratically written proposal indeed compares favorably to both the 1944 constitution it was meant to replace and competing proposals written by experts at about the same time.

scholarly journals URBAN STRATEGIES AND COLLECTIVE MEMORY. AN UPPER-MIDDLE CLASS MUNICIPALITY IN THE GRAND PARIS PROJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yankel FIJALKOW
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Urban Narrative ◽  
The People ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Urban Project ◽  
The City

This article proposes a theoretical point of view in order to show the importance of the collective memory and the urban narrative in the strategic approach of the urban project. The capacity of a municipality to build a local narrative joining the past, the memory and the project, is examined in the second part of the article, in a case study of a collectivity confronted with the project of the Grand Paris and strong socio-spatial transformation since 1950. The conclusions of thirty deep interviews, conducted on the people involved in the city organization allow to differentiate legitimated and rejected places in the spaces of remembering, and the difficulties of this kind of municipalities to be pro active in the Grand Paris project.

Making Heritage in Hong Kong: A Case Study of the Central Police Station Compound

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 381-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Shuk-mei Ku
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Spatial Politics ◽  
Police Station ◽  
The People ◽  
Central Police

AbstractThis article is a case study of state–society–capital conflicts over the preservation of the Central Police Station (CPS) compound in Hong Kong during 2003–08. The conflict was between two fundamentally different approaches to urban space: a cultural economy approach that took culture and space as a source of economic profit, and an opposition discourse of preservation that emphasized cultural, historical and humanistic values as an end. The struggle turned out to be a moderate success for anti-commercialism. Drawing on and extending the notions of collective memory and spatial politics, this article examines how the various civil society actors, in their struggle against commercialism, sought to define and enhance the cultural value of the site through a variety of discourses and practices relating to history and space. It addresses the specific question of why and how certain constructions of collective memory succeed (or fail) to work with certain places in particular instances. The study shows that memories of the CPS compound contained both state-associated and people-associated accounts, between which the former prevailed. The state-associated account was embedded in a familiar, hegemonic story about Hong Kong, which, via an abstract process of symbolization around the notion of the rule of law, successfully turned the compound into an iconic symbol of identification for the city. Beyond this, the civil society actors sought also to generate a sense of lived space associated with the people, and the outcome was mixed.

Carceral Practices and Geographies in Roman North Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-580
Author(s):  
Matthew D. C. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
North African ◽  
The Real ◽  
Letter Exchange ◽  
Carceral Studies

I explore the landscape of carceral practices and geographies in late antique Roman North Africa by applying a comparative lens to carceral punishments of exile and condemnation to the mines. I situate the research within the field of carceral studies, using the concept of carceral practices and geographies (as opposed to the narrower concepts of prison and imprisonment). I first offer a contextualization of the punishments of exile and condemnation to the mines as carceral punishments, remaining especially sensitive to the legal, material, and spatial aspects of each punishment. I then consider how different North African Christians used their carceral punishments and geographies to negotiate issues of political and social power in the broader Roman Mediterranean, specifically the letter exchange between Cyprian and three other groups of Christians condemned to the mines (Ep. 76–79). I use the letter correspondence as a case study to explore the “real-and-imagined” aspects of carceral practices and geographies in Roman North Africa. The carceral punishments of exile and condemnation to the mines have legal, material, social, gendered, rhetorical, and lived-experience components, all of which are treated as distinct, yet also fluid and intersectional with each other. I conclude by gesturing to how the case study adds texture to our understanding of how carceral punishment worked in Late Antiquity.

scholarly journals The Covid-19 infection in Italy: a statistical study of an abnormally severe disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe De Natale ◽  
Valerio Ricciardi ◽  
Gabriele De Luca ◽  
Dario De Natale ◽  
Giovanni Di Meglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Study ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
The People ◽  
Analyse Data

AbstractWe statistically investigate the Coronavirus Disease 19 (hereinafter Covid-19) epidemics, which is particularly invasive in Italy. We show that the high apparent mortality (or Case Fatality Ratio, CFR) observed in Italy, as compared with other countries, is likely biased by a strong underestimation of infected cases. To give a more realistic estimate of the mortality of Covid-19, we use the most recent estimates of the IFR (Infection Fatality Ratio) of epidemic, based on the minimum observed CFR, and furthermore analyse data obtained from the ship Diamond Princess, a good representation of a ‘laboratory’ case-study from an isolated system in which all the people have been tested. From such analyses we derive more realistic estimates of the real extension of the infection, as well as more accurate indicators of how fast the infection propagates. We then point out from the various explanations proposed, the dominant factors causing such an abnormal seriousness of the disease in Italy. Finally, we use the deceased data, the only ones estimated to be reliable enough, to predict the total number of infected people and the interval of time when the infection in Italy could stop.

scholarly journals The Covid-19 Infection in Italy: A Statistical Study of an Abnormally Severe Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe De Natale ◽  
Valerio Ricciardi ◽  
Gabriele De Luca ◽  
Dario De Natale ◽  
Giovanni Di Meglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Study ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
The People ◽  
Analyse Data

We statistically investigate the Coronavirus Disease 19 (hereinafter Covid-19) epidemics, which is particularly invasive in Italy. We show that the high apparent mortality (or Case Fatality Ratio, CFR) observed in Italy, as compared with other countries, is likely biased by a strong underestimation of infected cases. To give a more realistic estimate of the mortality of Covid-19, we use the most recent estimates of the IFR (Infection Fatality Ratio) of epidemic, based on the minimum observed CFR, and furthermore analyse data obtained from the ship Diamond Princess, a good representation of a ‘laboratory’ case-study from an isolated system in which all the people have been tested. From such analyses we derive more realistic estimates of the real extension of the infection, as well as more accurate indicators of how fast the infection propagates. We then point out from the various explanations proposed, the dominant factors causing such an abnormal seriousness of the disease in Italy. Finally, we use the deceased data, the only ones estimated to be reliable enough, to predict the total number of infected people and the interval of time when the infection in Italy could stop.

scholarly journals CHRIST THE PHILOSOPHER FIGURES IN LATE ANTIQUE AND EARLY CHRISTIAN ART

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (77) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Christian Art ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Society ◽  
True Knowledge

Late Antique and Early Christian Art designates the idiosyncratic content and style of the art which was produced during the Christianity transition process of the Roman society which was nourished mostly by the ancient Greek culture. In this transition process in which the border lines were blurred and the Christian iconography was not standardized yet, the pagan elements were included to the Christian narration or the visual images which were needed by the Christians were articulated into the pagan narration. This process which was lasted between the third to sixth centuries ended by the dissolving of pagan culture into Christianity. After Christianity constructed its own content and image discourse, pagan elements disappeared except rare personifications and mythological premises of some Christian scenes of which their geneological roots cannot be settled down easily. In this period, the philosopher image, one of the prestige indications of the ancient culture, was used for Jesus depictions frequently. In ancient society the notions of morality, culture, education and philosophy were perceived as honourable and closely interrelated with each other. The philosopher figure who possesses these virtues is an educated and restained person, a wise teacher who guides the people around him by the way of his attitudes, his own life and his lectures. In relation to this perception, in Late Antique and Early Christian Art, especially on sarcophagi, Christ is depicted in the image of philosopher/teacher who leads the person to the true knowledge both in life and after-life. Christian theology has created its own sphere and conceptual framework, consequently the identity between the virtuous life and philosophy is abandoned at the end of Late Antiquity. In this milieu philosophy losts its importance, even starts to define an anti-theological sphere for Christians. The philosopher image is no longer appropriate for the ones who identify it with the pagan and hence religionless Greeks of the ancient times. By losing the previous value of the philosopher’s image in ancient society, Christ the Philosopher figures have disappeared from the representations. Key Words: Late Antiquity, Early Christian Art, Iconography, Christ the Philosopher

scholarly journals Efforts to Recover State Financial Losses Through Criminal Cases Case Study Against Corruption

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Fira Saputri Yanuar Andri ◽  
Amarru Muftie Holish ◽  
Aditya Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Real ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
The People ◽  
Financial Losses

State Assets are objects of the criminal acts of corruption which are certainly very detrimental to the State if viewed from the perspective of the victim . However, the victims of embezzlement of state funds are not only the State but also the people . The real consequence of this action is the reduced wealth of the State which should be used as a collision of assets owned by the State . Efforts to restore state losses based on the existing criminal procedural law procedure seems unable to maximize the return of stolen State assets . Supposedly, the country here holds legal protection because here one of the victims of the stolen state assets is certainly the country itself. As one of the crimes based on counts it seems that there needs to be an alternative solution in returning the lost state assets .

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