scholarly journals Mouthpart deformities in non-biting midge larvae from a cadmium contaminated stream in Northern Thailand

ScienceAsia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Pimchanoke Weeraprapan ◽  
Somporn Chantara ◽  
Munetsugu Kawashima ◽  
Weerasak Roongruangwong ◽  
Rungnapa Tagun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Mouthpart Deformities

scholarly journals Effects of Three Selected Pesticides on the Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Rice Agro-Ecosystem of an area of West Bengal; India

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Bappaditya Pan ◽  
Uttaran Majumdar ◽  
Lipirani Jana ◽  
Sandip Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Mouthpart Deformities ◽  
Chironomid Community ◽  
High Degree

Deformities of non biting midge larvae’s mouthparts are considered as indicators of environmental degradation that caused by water pollutants like pesticides, heavy metals, organic contaminants etc. The present investigation was aimed to assess the effects of 3 pesticides, viz. Cartap Hydrochloride, Carbofuran and Fipronil on deformities of chironomid larvae of the Rice fields of Village Dhunui; Memari Block-II of Burdwan district in West Bengal. The study area is dominated by the species of the genus Chironomus of chironomid community. Concurrently six (6) species were considered. The average percentage of mouthpart deformities was 14% in all chironomid larvae. Highest degree of malformation was noticed in Chironomus circumdatus in which more than 18.90% of all specimens were affected. However, further investigative efforts are essential to investigate the actual explanation in support of the occurrence of high degree of deformities in chironomid. 

scholarly journals Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors for Leishmania martiniquensis and Trypanosoma sp. in northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0010014
Author(s):  
Sakone Sunantaraporn ◽  
Arunrat Thepparat ◽  
Atchara Phumee ◽  
Sriwatapron Sor-Suwan ◽  
Rungfar Boonserm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Potential Vector ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
And Control

Biting midges of genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are the vectors of several pathogenic arboviruses and parasites of humans and animals. Several reports have suggested that biting midges might be a potential vector of Leishmania parasites. In this study, we screened for Leishmania and Trypanosoma DNA in biting midges collected from near the home of a leishmaniasis patient in Lamphun province, northern Thailand by using UV-CDC light traps. The identification of biting midge species was based on morphological characters and confirmed using the Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The detection of Leishmania and Trypanosoma DNA was performed by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) genes, respectively. All the amplified PCR amplicons were cloned and sequenced. The collected 223 biting midges belonged to seven species (Culicoides mahasarakhamense, C. guttifer, C. innoxius, C. sumatrae, C. huffi, C. oxystoma, and C. palpifer). The dominant species found in this study was C. mahasarakhamense (47.53%). Leishmania martiniquensis DNA was detected in three samples of 106 specimens of C. mahasarakhamense tested indicating a field infection rate of 2.83%, which is comparable to reported rates in local phlebotomines. Moreover, we also detected Trypanosoma sp. DNA in one sample of C. huffi. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of L. martiniquensis in C. mahasarakhamense as well as the first detection of avian Trypanosoma in C. huffi. Blood meal analysis of engorged specimens of C. mahasarakhamense, C. guttifer, and C. huffi revealed that all specimens had fed on avian, however, further studies of the host ranges of Culicoides are needed to gain a better insight of potential vectors of emerging leishmaniasis. Clarification of the vectors of these parasites is also important to provide tools to establish effective disease prevention and control programs in Thailand.

Forensic and phylogeographic characterization of mtDNA lineages from northern Thailand (Chiang Mai)

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Zimmermann ◽  
Martin Bodner ◽  
Sylvain Amory ◽  
Liane Fendt ◽  
Alexander Röck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Mtdna Lineages

scholarly journals Autosomal Microsatellite Investigation Reveals Multiple Genetic Components of the Highlanders from Thailand

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Aornpriya Mawan ◽  
Nonglak Prakhun ◽  
Kanha Muisuk ◽  
Suparat Srithawong ◽  
Metawee Srikummool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Hill Tribe ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Population Interactions ◽  
Hill Tribes ◽  
The Hill

The hill tribes of northern Thailand comprise nine officially recognized groups: the Austroasiatic-speaking (AA) Khmu, Htin and Lawa; the Hmong-Mien-speaking (HM) IuMien and Hmong; and the Sino-Tibetan-speaking (ST) Akha, Karen, Lahu and Lisu. Except the Lawa, the rest of the hill tribes migrated into their present habitats only very recently. The Thai hill tribes were of much interest to research groups focusing on study of cultural and genetic variation because of their unique languages and cultures. So far, there have been several genetic studies of the Thai hill tribes. However, complete forensic microsatellite database of the Thai hill tribes is still lacking. To construct such database, we newly generated 654 genotypes of 15 microsatellites commonly used in forensic investigation that belong to all the nine hill tribes and also non-hill tribe highlanders from northern Thailand. We also combined 329 genotypes from previous studies of northern Thai populations bringing to a total of 983 genotypes, which were then subjected to genetic structure and population relationships analyses. Our overall results indicated homogenous genetic structure within the HM- and Tai-Kadai (TK)-speaking groups, large genetic divergence of the HM-speaking Hmong but not IuMien from the other Thai groups, and genetic heterogeneity within the ST- and AA-speaking groups, reflecting different population interactions and admixtures. In addition to establishing genetic relationships within and among these populations, our finding, which provides a more complete picture of the forensic microsatellite database of the multiple Thai highland dwellers, would not only serve to expand and strengthen forensic investigation in Thailand, but would also benefit its neighboring countries of Laos and Myanmar, from which many of the Thai hill tribes originated and where large populations of these ethnic groups still reside.

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