The Clinton Administration and Africa: Role of Congress and the Africa Subcommittees

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Volman
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Volman

Studies of U.S. government relations with Africa have generally focused on the role of the executive branch, specifically by examining and analyzing the views and activities of administration officials and the members of executive branch bureaucracies. This is only natural, given the predominant role that the executive branch has historically played in the development and implementation of U.S. policy toward the continent. However, the U.S. Congress has always played an important role in determining U.S. policy toward Africa due to its constitutional authority over the appropriation and authorization of funding for all foreign operations conducted by the executive branch. Furthermore, Congress enacted legislation on several occasions during the Cold War period that directly affected U.S. policy. For example, Congress approved the Clark Amendment prohibiting U.S. intervention in Angola (although it later voted to repeal the amendment) and also passed the 1986 Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act, which imposed sanctions on South Africa over the veto of the Reagan administration.


2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-145 ◽  

A Clinton administration Executive Memorandum authorized Medicare payment for routine costs associated with clinical trials and recognized the role of clinical trials in patient care. However, a loophole in Medicare Advantage regulations has created a disparity in the way clinical trial services are covered for these enrollees.


2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Bruce St John

The Bush administration quickly claimed full credit for Libyan leader Mu'ammar al-Qadhafi's decision to renounce unconventional weapons, suggesting this reversal in long-standing Libyan policy was a by-product of the war in Iraq. On the contrary, the role of the current administration was one of successfully implementing policies discussed for more than a decade and finally initiated in the latter days of the Clinton administration. The welcome decision of the Qadhafi regime to disarm should thus be seen as a win, not for a strategy of preemptive strikes, but for traditional methods of combating nuclear nonproliferation.


Author(s):  
Andrew Marble

John Shalikashvili: From Boy on the Bridge to Top American General tells the captivating tale of how John Shalikashvili, a penniless, stateless World War II refugee achieved the American dream by being appointed the thirteenth chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest-ranking officer in the US military, during the Clinton administration. Through a gripping narrative covering his wartime upbringing, aristocratic family background, parental influence, immigrant experience, and betrayals by loved ones—particularly by his high school girlfriend and by his father’s affiliation with the Waffen-SS, which came to light during Shalikashvili’s confirmation process—the biography explores the themes of nature vs. nurture and the role of agency vs. luck (i.e., the influence of his own actions vs. factors beyond his control) in determining Shalikashvili’s character, leadership abilities, and career success.


Significance Clinton has sought to make foreign policy a key part of the campaign as polls have consistently shown her more trusted on the subject than Trump. However, the role of foreign policy and national security in elections is hotly contested among political scientists and journalists. Impacts Former Republican national security officials' endorsements of Clinton will harm Trump's foreign policy credibility. However, the opposition of internationalist Republican hawks may boost Trump's 'anti-establishment' credentials. In contrast, the Clinton administration can draw from a deep pool of Democratic foreign policy experts, a force for policy continuity. Surveys show that US voters focus more on domestic issues, particularly the economy, terrorism and immigration.


1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (104) ◽  
pp. 463-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Fischer

This article examines the role of think tanks and policy-oriented social science in the context of shifting alignments in American politics. During the 1980s, neoconservative intellectuals and businessmen politicized policy expertise through the funding of conservative think tanks and the development of a »counterintelligentsia«. The paper analyzes the impact of this political strategy on the shaping of the national agenda and traces its intluence into the 1990s, in particular policymaking in the Clinton administration. The outcome is a significant change in the relationships linking social science, elite think tanks, and the setting of national policy agendas. The essay concludes with a discussion of the troubling questions this elite relationship poses for the theory and practice of democratic government.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.


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