scholarly journals Securing Authority: The View from the Top

1972 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
New States ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Traditional Patterns

Although the literature on political development has been remarkably insightful, hopes for a science of “nation-building” have not been realized. While numerous works have described the effects of traditional patterns, ethnic and linguistic cleavages, and rapid mobilization, and have investigated factors such as culture, bureaucracy, ideology, and parties, we have learned very little about how to alter favorably the political conditions these have fostered. Political scientists, more often than not, have documented obstacles to, and failures in, political change desired by leaders in new states, rather than explored strategies whereby such change might be realized.

scholarly journals Armies in the Process of Political Modernization

1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian W. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Critical Group ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
New States ◽  
Political Modernization ◽  
The Military

Only a few years ago it was generally assumed that the future of the newly emergent states would be determined largely by the activities of their Westernized intellectuals, their socialistically inclined bureaucrats, their nationalist ruling parties, and possibly their menacing communist parties. It occurred to few students of the underdeveloped regions that the military might become the critical group in shaping the course of nation-building. Now that the military has become the key decision-making element in at least eight of the Afro-Asian countries, we are confronted with the awkward fact that there has been almost no scholarly research on the role of the military in the political development of the new states.

The House of Chiefs and the Political Development of Botswana

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
New States ◽  
Democratic Political System

A major problem encountered by the builders of many of the new states in Africa has been that of defining a satisfactory position for the traditional tribal authorities in a more integrated and democratic political system. In Botswana a solution has been sought not only at the level of local government, where much of the Chiefs' power has been transferred to elected district councils, but also at the national level, where a House of Chiefs has been created to advise Government and Parliament. This body merits examination as a constructive effort to synthesise indigenous and imported institutions, and to accommodate the interests and demands of the hereditary rulers and their more conservative subjects, who remain deeply rooted in the tribal structure, in a manner which is acceptable to the new élite and their supporters, who are eager to modernise quickly.

scholarly journals Nepal’s Armed Conflict and the Peace Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Ram Krishna Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Democratic Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Ground

This paper deals with the political development of Nepal and its history of armed conflict. The formation of Nepali nation-state is not very long, again throughout its political history Nepal remained an independent country, but this country experienced a decade long political conflict from 1996 to 2006. The failure of political change of 1951 and 1990 prepared a political ground for the official beginning the People’s War, and after 2006 the country is moving into the path of peace process. Similarly, the formation of political parties has not a long history compared it with the beginning of democratic movement in India, China and other countries of the world. The poor political vision of the political leaders failed to institutionalize the political change of Nepal, and now the ongoing peace process of Nepal should erase all the weaknesses and conclude it for building prosperous nation.

Kamaraj: a Study in Percolation of Style

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan B. Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Political Cultures ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
And Training

A Complex stratified polity such as that of India, containing a variety of political cultures and a great diversity of political structure, inevitably produces a multitude of styles of political behaviour. Such styles may be the product of different political cultures and processes of recruitment and training, and they interact with each other in significant ways. In particular, the new integrated political system encourages what I call the ‘percolation of style’ from one stratum of the system to another. The percolating process flows in two-ways—from the national arena to the local, and vice versa—and the process itself affects the nature of political styles. A style which was appropriate and effective in one arena will need adaptation if it is to meet the distinctive challenges of a different stratum in the political system. Percolation thus involves modification of style, and the whole process may be viewed as the gradual development of new styles responsive to the demands of new situations. Inevitably this leads to multitudinous tensions, destructive or creative, but the process is thus an integral part of political change and an understanding of stylistic percolation is an important key to the understanding of the nature and direction of political development.

The Transnational Protection Regime and Taiwan's Democratization

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Mei Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Democratic Movement ◽  
Progressive Party

On September 28, 1986, the Democratic Progressive Party was formed in defiance of restrictions set by a decades-old authoritarian regime, heralding the emergence of a fully competitive multiparty electoral system in Taiwan. Existing literature on Taiwan's democratic breakthrough suggests that international factors have played a significant role in bringing about democracy on the island. But what exactly were these external factors and how have they effected political change in Taiwan? A reexamination of the changing geopolitical and normative environments surrounding Taiwan suggests that they were crucial in shaping political development on the island in ways that have not been described in the literature. This article examines how the geopolitical and international normative environment enabled myriad external substate and nonstate actors to form a transnational “protection regime” around the political opposition, preserving the democratic movement and allowing it to reach its full mobilizational potential in time.

Policy Innovation and Institutional Stability in Sweden

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis G. Castles
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Comparative History ◽  
Institutional Stability ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Industrial Societies

Despite the greatly enhanced interest in processes of political change that political scientists have shown in recent years, there are still areas that have received attention in only the most speculative manner. Modernization, political development and comparative history are becoming established subdisciplines, reflecting ‘the change to change’. But the political processes involved in the transformation of advanced industrial societies have as yet received only cursory empirical treatment.

The Intellectuals in the Political Development of the New States

1960 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Shils
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Political Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human History ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
The Past ◽  
New States

The gestation, birth, and continuing life of the new states of Asia and Africa, through all their vicissitudes, are in large measure the work of intellectuals. In no state-formations in all of human history have intellectuals played such a role as they have in these events of the present century.In the past, new states were founded by military conquest, by the secession of ethnic groups led by traditional tribal and warrior chiefs, by the gradual extension of the power of the prince through intermarriage, agreement, and conquest, or by separation through military rebellion. In antiquity, the demand that subjects acknowledge the divinity of the Emperor was no more than a requirement that the legitimacy of the existing order be recognized.

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