Corruption Perceptions, Political Distrust, and the Weakening of Political Islam in Iraq

Employing the SEM technique, the present study aims to examine the effects of corruption perceptions on political distrust and political Islamization in Iraq. The present study used the Arab Barometer Wave V data provided during 2018–2019. By examining data from 2461 Iraqi citizens, the results revealed that corruption perceptions, on the one hand, increase citizens' perceptions of poor government performance and wrong direction of country, and it reduces the tendency for a democratic political system on the other hand. The results also showed that citizens' perceptions of corruption indirectly, through the above three mediating variables, increase political distrust in society and negatively affect political Islamization. Citizens' corruption perceptions, therefore, appear to be one of the important reasons that challenge the public's confidence in the institutions and the ruling political ideology.

Komunikasi KPU dalam Menekan Golput di Jember

Indonesia is a country that applies a democratic political system. One of the means of the democratic political system in Indonesia is the General Election. The implementation of a democratic election should be carried out in accordance with the election principles abided by Indonesia, namely Luber-Jurdil (Direct, General, Free, Confidential, Honest, Fair). In order for the principle of Luber-Jurdil to be carried out, supervisions are requireds. Supervision is not only carried out by Panwaslu (General Election Supervisory Agency), the public also have to play a role in that supervision. The public can monitor, either directly or indirectly, the process of running a democracy / elections. The results of the current study show that there were several causes of abstention in the last 2018 elections, namely: 1) Internal factors which include technical factor and occupational factor, 2). External factors which include administrative factor, and political factor. There are also solutions to reduce the number of abstentions for the next election by easing the rules for voters to be able to vote, improving the data collection and voter registration system so that it has fresher outlook (requires adequate personnel and budget support), changing the right to vote into an obligation to vote. The electoral system must be very easy for voters to understand (for example, easy voting procedures, simple ballot paper design). For those solutions, it is necessary to involve strategic groups, such as first-time voters, religious people, women, people with disabilities and marginalized groups.

Manajemen Komunikasi Partai Gerindra dalam Membangun Kepercayaan Publik di Kalangan Milenial

Indonesia is one of the countries that use a democratic political system. This system was adopted when Indonesia declared its independence in 1945. Politics in Indonesia is currently in a state of deterioration, because it is caused by politics in Indonesia that is not healthy. Many politicians in the country are involved in corruption cases. Gerindra party is a party that until now has never been entangled in corruption cases, this is because management in the party is structured in a directed manner and the Gerindra Party’s communication with the goverment regarding finances is open and notsome are covered. The Gerindra party is a newly formed party in 2008, but the Gerindra Party continues to compete with other parties by building trust in the community, especially newbie or millennial voters to the Gerindra Party. This research uses decriptive qualitative approach. The theoretical foundation used in this research is communication theory, communication management, and building trust. The results of this study indicate that the Gerindra Party communication management utilizes party cadres, party wings and party loyalists. While in terms of building trust among the novice or millennial voters, the Gerindra Party provides evidence for five years leading the community, especially millennials and also with political regeneration, as well as carrying outprograms at the grassroots level.Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang menggunakan sistem politik demokrasi. Sistem ini dianut mulai saat Indonesia menyatakan kemerdekaannya pada tahun 1945. Politik di Indonesia sekarang ini berada pada tahap keterpurukan, karena disebabkan perpolitikan di Indonesia yang tidak sehat. Banyak politisi di tanah air yang terlibat kasus korupsi. Partai Gerindra merupakan partai yang hingga saat ini belum pernah terjerat kasus korupsi, ini dikarenakan manajemen dalam partai yang tersusun secara terarah dan komunikasi Partai Gerindra dengan pemerintah terkait keuangan sangat terbuka dan tidak ada yang ditutupi. Partai Gerindra terbilang partai yang baru dibentuk pada tahun 2008 namun partai Gerindra tetap berusaha menyaingi partai-partai lain dengan membangun kepercayaan di masyarakat terutama kaum pemilih pemula atau milenial kepada Partai Gerindra. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Landasan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teori komunikasi, manajemen komunikasi dan membangun kepercayaan atau trust. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, manajemen komunikasi Partai Gerindra memanfaatkan kader partai, sayap partai dan loyalis partai. Sedangkan dalam hal membangun kepercayaan di kalangan pemilih pemula atau milenial, Partai Gerindra memberikan bukti selama lima tahun ini memimpin kepada masyarkat terutama kaum milenial dan juga dengan regenerasi politik, serta menjalankan program-program pada masyarakat di tingkah bawah.

DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASID SHARIA : STUDY ANALYSIS OF YUSUF AL-QARADAWI’S THOUGHT

one of the big issue that is still debatable about the relationship between Islam and politics is how legitimate the democratic political system is in the paradigm of Islamic law. This study will explain the alternative paradigm in evaluating the democratic system based on the paradigm of Islamic law from a prominent Muslim intellectual named Yusuf al-Qaradawi. This research is a qualitative research in the form of literature review. The primary source used is a variety of literature that explains Yusuf al-Qaradawi's thoughts about democracy in Islam. The method used is the method of interpreting the thoughts of the figures with the maqasid al-shari‘ah approach. There are two big conclusions of this research. First, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view of democracy can be said to be grounded in its epistemological foundation in understanding the concept of an Islamic state. For al-Qaradawi, an Islamic state is a system of government that provides policy improvisation space in the benefit of social, economic and political life based on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah). Second, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view, the democratic system can be compatible with Islam if the principles in the democratic system are in accordance with various values which are the spirit of the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah), such as the value of justice, equality of rights, freedom, etc. so. To realize this, the democratic system must carry a holistic vision and mission, which includes worldly and ukhrawi benefits as well as individual and social benefits. Keywords: Validity, democracy, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, maqasid shari’ah;

Decentralizacja władzy publicznej a samorząd terytorialny w III RP. Analiza zagadnienia na wybranych przykładach

In 2020, the local government of the Third Polish Republic is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary within the legal framework of the democratic political system. This is a celebration of not only the success of the 1989 Autumn of Nations but of the citizens participating in the co-creation and development of their own local homelands. In contrast, the activities of the central authorities which, frequently governed by the reason of the state, attempt to bind local self-governments more closely, often straining their constitutional value of autonomy.

La Déclaration de Chivasso. Un exemple de projet fédéral infra et supranational

During Second World War, Italian resistance fighters from the Aosta Valley and the Vaudois valleys meet in Chivasso to think about an international system for the post- war era. They defend a republican and democratic political system, and, far from micro-nationalism, they are the bearers of a federal project which combines the autonomist instances, specific to these linguistic and religious minorities, with a vision of European unity. The result is the drafting of one of the most Europeanist documents of the Resistance in Europe: the Declaration of the representatives of the Alpine populations signed on the 19th of December 1943. This article intends to study and contextualize this document, whose minority nature does not remove its importance within the framework of a Europe still today interested in matters of minorities as well as borders and by autonomist and independence movements.

Impeachment of D. Trump: Revolt of the Deep State

The article analyzes the origins, course and consequences of the impeachment process of the 45th US President D. Trump. The author points out that the efforts of Democrats in both houses of Congress to remove the President from office because of his foreign policy have been unprecedented. This case radically differs from the two previous processes of impeachment of American presidents in the last third of the XIX century and at the end of the XX century. This could have far-reaching consequences for the future of US democratic political system and American foreign policy.

Political Attitudes of Arab Citizens in North Africa

Theories of social capital, government performance, Islamic values, and globalization are among the most important tools that can be used to help explain individuals’ political attitudes. The present research attempts to address the effects of the abovementioned factors on the political attitude of Arab citizens using the Arab Barometer Wave IV data. The results showed that only 23.2% of citizens disagreed with a democratic political system, while 70.3% and 60.1% expressed their opposition to authoritarian and Shari’ah-based systems. Results of the final model of research indicated that memberships in social associations, on the one hand, increased the tendency of individuals to support authoritarian and law-based political systems and, on the other hand, did not have any significant effect on the tendency toward supporting a democratic political system. It was concluded that improving economic performance not only affected the promotion of the Shari’ah-based political system, but that Political Performance also reduced the inclinations toward Shari’ah and authoritarianism. Furthermore, Political Performance increased the tendency of individuals to favor a democratic system. In addition, although individuals’ support for a Shari’ah-based political system had increased, Islamic values did not act as a barrier that would keep individuals away from favoring a democratic political system. Among the variables of globalization, the expansion of communication reduced people’s tendencies toward Shari’ah and authoritative political systems, along with a positive effect on strengthening support for democratic systems. Ultimately, Westernization only affected the shrinking support of some Shari’ah-based political systems.

Voting Method Based on an Average Gap Assessment

The theory of social choice is the study of voting methods. In the literature manystudies have been conducted for the development of a fair voting system, that is to say a voting method that allows to aggregate the individual preferences in a collective preference representing in the most possible faithfull way individual preferences. Yet some voting methods do not allow to obtain a consensus. So there are a lot of paradoxes in electoral systems and related results in the theory of social choice are also paradoxical. This is the case, for example, with Arrow’s theorem showing that no voting method can simultaneously verify a restricted list of roperties that are desirable in a democratic political system. That is to mean that the search for a system that makes it possible to reach a consensus remains a concern in the theory of social choice. In this article we have combined various voting methods based on grading, scoring or approving to contribute to literature with a new voting system filling fair properties.