In vitro Effect of Larval Schistosoma mansoni Excretory-Secretory Products on Phagocytosis-Stimulated Superoxide Production in Hemocytes from Biomphalaria glabrata

1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent A. Connors ◽  
Timothy P. Yoshino
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Vitro Effect

scholarly journals Ultrastructural study of the in vitro interaction between Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes and Schistosoma mansoni miracidia

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfan Araque ◽  
Emilia E Barrios ◽  
Pedro Rodríguez ◽  
Víctor S Delgado ◽  
Héctor J Finol
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
In Vitro Interaction

Impaired in vitro polymorphonuclear function secondary to the chemotherapeutic effects of vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and actinomycin D.

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 798-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Cairo ◽  
C Mallett ◽  
C VandeVen ◽  
P Kempert ◽  
G A Bennetts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Vitro Effect

The present study investigated the in vitro effect of four different chemotherapeutic agents, namely, cyclophosphamide (CTX), vincristine (VCR), Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio) (ADR), and actinomycin D (ACT-D) on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function. Human PMNs suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 1 X 10(7) cells/mL were incubated with increasing concentrations of CTX (0, 10(-5), 10(-4), 10(-3) mol/L) or VCR (0, 10(-7), 10(-6), 10(-5), 10(-4) mol/L), ADR (0, 10(-6), 10(-5), 10(-4), 10(-3) mol/L), or ACT-D (0, 5 X 10(-8), 1 X 10(-7), 5 X 10(-7), and 10(-6) mol/L). The cells were then tested for bacterial killing against Staphylococcus aureus, chemotaxis activity stimulated by Escherichia coli endotoxin, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated aggregation, and cytochalasin B (Cyto B)/FMLP-stimulated superoxide production and enzyme degranulation. High concentration of CTX, an alkylating agent, showed a significant depression of PMN superoxide production, (124 +/- 13 v 161 +/- 15 nmol/10(7) cells, 5 minutes, P less than or equal to .025). ADR, an intercalating agent and membrane inhibitor, showed a significant depression of PMN degranulation and lysozyme release at 10(-4) and 10(-3) mol/L (15.3% +/- 1.7% v 24% +/- 7%, P less than .01; and 15.0% +/- 2.5% v 24% +/- 7%, P less than or equal to .025). VCR, a microtubule inhibitor, showed a significant depression of PMN aggregation at 10(-6), 10(-5), and 10(-4) mol/L (P less than .05), lysozyme release at 10(-4) mol/L (P less than .004), and beta-glucuronidase release at 10(-4) mol/L (P less than .004). In addition, chemotaxis was inhibited by VCR in a dose-dependent manner at all concentrations (10(-7) mol/L, P less than .02; 10(-6) mol/L, P less than .007; 10(-5) mol/L, P less than .006, and 10(-4) mol/L, P less than .003). ACT-D showed no significant effect on the PMN functions tested. These studies conclude that chemotherapeutic agents have modulating in vitro effects on PMN function. Further in vivo studies are therefore needed to assess PMN abnormalities in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy to determine their role in infectious complications.

In-vitro Investigation of the Effect of Bee Venom on Schistosoma mansoni Eggs

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Vitro Effect

Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) is a fatal parasitic disease caused by parasitic worms with the genus Schistosoma. The release of Schistosoma eggs in running fresh water contributes to completing its life cycle. Therefore, finding a suitable drug having ovicidal activity towards eggs is crucial. Here, we investigate the in-vitro effect of bee venom (the venom of Apis millifera) on the eggs of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni). The eggs were incubated with different concentrations of bee venom and then the percent mortality, hatchability and morphology of the eggs were observed. It was found that bee venom causes morphological alterations for S. mansoni eggs. In addition, there is a critical concentration (100 µg/mL) at which bee venom leads to the lowest mortality and the highest hatchability percent. Below or above this threshold, the mortality increases and the hatchability decreases. Moreover, bee venom was proven to have a lethal effect on S. mansoni miracidia.

In vitro effect of larval stages of Ascaris lumbricoides on human blood clotting

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Malla ◽  
B. A. Sofi ◽  
N. K. Ganguly ◽  
R. C. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Vitro Effect

ABSTRACTThe effects of larval stages of Ascaris lumbricoides on human blood clotting was studied in vitro. Extracts and excretory/secretory products of third-stage larvae (L3) and late third-stage larvae (LL3) cultured from ova obtained from infected patients were analysed for anti-coagulant activity. Prothrombin time (PT) was prolonged by the addition of either whole extract of L3/LL3 or ES products of L3/LL3 as compared to controls. Partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK) was also prolonged on the addition of either extracts of ES products of L3/LL3. The prolongation of PTTK was significantly higher with extracts/ES products of L3 when compared to the extracts/ES products of LL3 (p<0.005). Thrombin time (TT) was prolonged by extracts of L3/LL3 and their ES products.

scholarly journals Vaccination with Schistosoma mansoni cholinesterases reduces parasite burden and egg viability in a mouse model of schistosomiasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bemnet A. Tedla ◽  
Darren Pickering ◽  
Luke Becker ◽  
Alex Loukas ◽  
Mark S. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Parasite Survival ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
Independent Trials

AbstractSchistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease which kills 300,000 people every year in developing countries and there is no vaccine. Recently, we have shown that cholinesterases (ChEs) - enzymes that regulate neurotransmission - from Schistosoma mansoni are expressed on the tegument and present in the excretory/secretory products of schistosomula and adult worms, and are essential for parasite survival in the definitive host, highlighting their utility as potential schistosomiasis vaccine targets. When treated in vitro with anti-SmChE IgG, both schistosomula and adult worms displayed significantly decreased ChE activity, which eventually resulted in parasite death. Vaccination with individual SmChEs, or a combination of all three SmChEs, significantly reduced worm burdens in two independent trials compared to controls. Liver egg burdens were significantly decreased for all vaccinated mice across both trials (13% - 46%) except for those vaccinated with SmAChE1 in trial 1. Egg viability, as determined by egg hatching from liver homogenates, was significantly reduced in the groups vaccinated with the SmChE cocktail (40%) and SmAChE2 (46%). Further, surviving worms from each vaccinated group were significantly stunted and depleted of glycogen stores, compared to controls. These results suggest that SmChEs could be incorporated into a vaccine against schistosomiasis to reduce the pathology and transmission of this debilitating disease.

In vitro effect of Myrrh extracts on the viability of Schistosoma mansoni larvae

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Karamustafa ◽  
N Mansour ◽  
B Demirci ◽  
A Ankli ◽  
KHC Başer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Vitro Effect
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