scholarly journals The Effect of Singing Mode and Seating Arrangement on Choral Blend and Overall Choral Sound

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ekholm
Keyword(s):  
Voice Teachers ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
Choral Singing ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
Seating Arrangements ◽  
Choral Blend

This study is an examination of the effects of soloistic versus blended choral singing and random versus acoustic choral seating arrangements on evaluations of choral blend and overall choral sound. Thirty-seven choral conductors, 33 voice teachers, and 32 nonvocal musicians rated performances of four pieces by a choir of 22 voice majors. Eight choristers were recorded individually during choral performances and solo, and their vocal production was evaluated by 12 voice teachers. Choristers rated experimental conditions for vocal comfort and choral sound. Results indicated that choral conductors preferred blended singing over soloistic singing. No significant singing mode preference, however, was found in choral evaluations by voice teachers and nonvocal musicians. Voice teachers ranked individual vocal production in blended choral singing lower than in soloistic choral singing, and both choral singing modes lower than solo singing. Acoustic seating positively affected evaluations of choral performance, individual vocal production, and choristers' vocal comfort and choral sound ratings.

Vocal Pedagogy in the Choral Rehearsal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Vocal Pedagogy ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Vocal Technique ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
Choral Singing ◽  
Choral Rehearsal ◽  
Choral Tone ◽  
The Individual

One of the primary endeavors of choral conductors is the facilitation of good choral tone, which is largely dependent upon the vocal technique of the individual singers. This chapter examines principles of historical vocal pedagogy, discussing their correlation with modern scientific research, and present suggestions for practical implementation of specific techniques in choral rehearsals. The chapter discusses four primary areas of vocal pedagogy in choral rehearsals: first, the significance of laryngeal position in choral singing; second, principles of resonance in singing and their impact on the choral sound; third, a discussion of breath support in choral singing; and fourth, principles of phonation and vocal production for singers in a choral setting. Each of these four discussions contain practical suggestions for the application of specific practices and exercises that will strengthen the vocal technique of choral singers.

A REVIEW OF SEATING ARRANGEMENTS TOWARDS THE 21st CENTURY CLASSROOM APPROACH IN SCHOOLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norsafiah Norazman ◽  
Abdul Halim Ismail ◽  
Nor Haslina Ja’afar ◽  
Muhamad Azry Khoiry ◽  
Adi Irfan Che Ani
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Building ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
21St Century Classroom ◽  
Seating Arrangements ◽  
Learning Development ◽  
Student Centred Learning

This article articulates a framework suitable to use when making a decision about student seating arrangement in the classroom at school level as a research aim. The decision makers should establish what are the potential types of seating arrangement? Then evaluate them in terms of its contribution, significance, and impact to the student learning development. The problem of a seating arrangement is usually related to the seating student position selection that is usually decided by teachers or students that can freely choose their own seating. There are three (3) objectives covered in this article; objective 1: to justify the main factors influencing classroom seating arrangement at school building, objective 2: to identify the common patterns of seating arrangement applied for school level and objective 3; to determine the best practice of seating arrangement for 21st century classroom approach at school building. The article articulates a theory of seating arrangement in reference to five (5) common forms of seat arrangement, namely Traditional (columns and rows), Cluster, U-shaped, Stadium, and Runaway. The performance of students might drop especially weak students who are sitting at the back of the classroom if the students are not judiciously arranged. Thus, seating arrangements should be set properly to ensure optimal quality of learning in a classroom. The technique of comparative analysis was used in this study. The findings had shown that cluster seating arrangement is relevant with the 21st century learning approach, which provides more availability of collaborative learning, where it contributes to student-centred learning in a classroom.

scholarly journals Design-based research as an informal learning model for choral conductors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Choral Conductor ◽  
Design Based Research ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
Choral Singing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives

The number of community choirs continues to grow, and literature endorsing the benefits of choral singing for physical, mental and emotional health and well-being is rapidly expanding, meaning that the professional development of community choral conductors is in the public interest. However, research on choral conductor education remains limited. Theoretical perspectives on choral conductor training presented by Varvarigou and Durrant (2011) have provided a useful framework for conceptualizing a formal training model. As opportunities to study using such a model are not widely available in Australia and other locations, it is pertinent to consider alternative methods for community choral conductors to learn the craft and develop their skills. A design-based research model has been proposed as a possible format for learning choral conducting and the case study of the author's own practice reported here reveals its effectiveness. The design-based research structure, incorporating observation and interview with ten professional choral conductors, as well as cycles of design, intervention and evaluation is proposed as a possible informal learning approach for other choral conductors.

scholarly journals Choral conducting education: The lifelong entanglement of competence, identity and meaning

2020 ◽  
pp. 1321103X1986318
Author(s):  
Dag Jansson ◽  
Anne Haugland Balsnes
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Choral Conducting ◽  
Choral Conductor ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
Choral Singing ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Working Situation

Choral singing is one of the most widespread musical activities, and choral conductors work in a variety of social settings that involve every imaginable type of choir and musical genre. The conductor role draws on a number of skills and competencies that are partly acquired through education but, equally importantly, through experience. Choral conductors shape their practice in highly individual fashions as amalgamations of background, formal education, career development and working situation. The present qualitative study seeks to uncover how choral conductor practices arise and unfold, by using Etienne Wenger’s theory of communities of practice and situated learning as the key analytical framework. The study elucidates the choral conducting practice as an ongoing educational project and theorises the dimensions of variety in choral conductors’ trajectories. The study situates the conducting practice in a Western choral tradition, based on interviews with a diverse sample of 20 conductors in Norway. The theoretical framework proved to be highly appropriate; however, applying it to the choral conducting practice requires the explicit positioning with regard to the academic debates on the theory’s development following Wenger’s original conceptualisation. The study therefore contributes to knowledge development in three ways – (1) by shedding new light on the theory, (2) by proposing a sub-structure to the main theory for its application to choral conducting and (3) by tracing some initial implications for choral conducting education. One of the key findings is that a conductor’s background continues to impact competence and identity throughout a conductor’s work-life, while practice seems to be predominant over formal education.

Influence of Proximity and Eye Contact on Impression Formation

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn E. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Nonverbal Cues ◽  
Dyadic Interactions ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
Seating Arrangements ◽  
The Impact

Attention has recently been given to the influence of proximity and eye contact on evaluations of psychological closeness in dyadic interactions. Scherer and Schifi (1973) found observers viewing different arrangements of posed males seated at a cafeteria table judged them to be more intimate when proximity and eye contact were high. The present study explored the impact of these nonverbal cues on impressions formed of dyad members of one another, under an inflexible seating arrangement. It was hypothesized that increased proximity and eye contact would elicit greater positive evaluations despite the apparent inability of participants to modify their seating arrangements.

ON-LINE SEAT RESERVATIONS VIA OFF-LINE SEATING ARRANGEMENTS

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 381-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENS S. KOHRT ◽  
KIM S. LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Running Time ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Seating Arrangements

When reservations are made to for instance a train, it is an on-line problem to accept or reject, i.e., decide if a person can be fitted in given all earlier reservations. However, determining a seating arrangement, implying that it is safe to accept, is an off-line problem with the earlier reservations and the current one as input. We develop algorithms with optimal running time to handle problems of this nature.

Electrolytic Isolation of Twin-Type Shock Deformation Structures

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
F. I. Grace ◽  
L. E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Average Current Density ◽  
Electron Transmission ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Specimen Edge

During the course of electron transmission investigations of the deformation structures associated with shock-loaded thin foil specimens of 70/30 brass, it was observed that in a number of instances preferential etching occurred along grain boundaries; and that the degree of etching appeared to depend upon the various experimental conditions prevailing during electropolishing. These included the electrolyte composition, the average current density, and the temperature in the vicinity of the specimen. In the specific case of 70/30 brass shock-loaded at pressures in the range 200-400 kilobars, the predominant mode of deformation was observed to be twin-type faults which in several cases exhibited preferential etching similar to that observed along grain boundaries. A novel feature of this particular phenomenon was that in certain cases, especially for twins located in the vicinity of the specimen edge, the etching or preferential electropolishing literally isolated these structures from the matrix.

Site of Lysosome Production During Hepatic Injury

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Nalin J. Unakar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Close Approximation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Toxic Injury

The increased number of lysosomes as well as the close approximation of lysosomes to the Golgi apparatus in tissue under variety of experimental conditions is commonly observed. These observations suggest Golgi involvement in lysosomal production. The role of the Golgi apparatus in the production of lysosomes in mouse liver was studied by electron microscopy of liver following toxic injury by CCI4.

Optimizing conditions for x-ray microchemical analysis in analytical electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
Solid Angle ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microchemical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Incident Beam Energy

The ultimate sensitivity of microchemical analysis using x-ray emission rests in selecting those experimental conditions which will maximize the measured peak-to-background (P/B) ratio. This paper presents the results of calculations aimed at determining the influence of incident beam energy, detector/specimen geometry and specimen composition on the P/B ratio for ideally thin samples (i.e., the effects of scattering and absorption are considered negligible). As such it is assumed that the complications resulting from system peaks, bremsstrahlung fluorescence, electron tails and specimen contamination have been eliminated and that one needs only to consider the physics of the generation/emission process.The number of characteristic x-ray photons (Ip) emitted from a thin foil of thickness dt into the solid angle dΩ is given by the well-known equation

SEM analysis of the change in the reaction rates with deposit structures in the copper-iron cementation system

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
V. Annamalai ◽  
L.E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Emission Mode ◽  
Scrap Iron ◽  
Image Position

Economical recovery of copper metal from leach liquors has been carried out by the simple process of cementing copper onto a suitable substrate metal, such as scrap-iron, since the 16th century. The process has, however, a major drawback of consuming more iron than stoichiometrically needed by the reaction.Therefore, many research groups started looking into the process more closely. Though it is accepted that the structural characteristics of the resultant copper deposit cause changes in reaction rates for various experimental conditions, not many systems have been systematically investigated. This paper examines the deposit structures and the kinetic data, and explains the correlations between them.A simple cementation cell along with rotating discs of pure iron (99.9%) were employed in this study to obtain the kinetic results The resultant copper deposits were studied in a Hitachi Perkin-Elmer HHS-2R scanning electron microscope operated at 25kV in the secondary electron emission mode.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document