R.E.C.A.M. Notes and Studies No. 1: Inscriptions of Ancyra

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 63-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
General Study ◽  
Anatolian Plateau ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Roman Baths ◽  
The Temple

Even a hurried glance at the walls of the Byzantine citadel, or a rapid inspection of the material collected by the Ankara Archaeological Museum at the depot in the Roman baths is enough to show that Ankara contains a richer collection of Greek and Latin inscriptions than almost any other city of the Anatolian plateau. A long sequence of epigraphic publications stretches back to 1555 when the companions of Augier Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambassador to the court of Suleiman the Magnificent, made the first copy of the Res Gestae, inscribed on the walls of the temple of Rome and Augustus. Since then a succession of travellers and epigraphists has added to the total of known inscriptions, and even if none of their discoveries can rank beside the record which the first emperor published of his life and actions, many of them are of considerable importance both for the history of Ancyra itself and in the wider context of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine world.However, any general study of these inscriptions and their historical implications has been hampered by the fact that they are scattered in a wide range of publications, many of them difficult to obtain. This situation has been partially remedied by Professor E. Bosch's Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Ankara im Altertum, completed in its essentials by 1945, but only published after the author's death by the TTK press in Ankara in 1967. This contains a large proportion of the source material relevant to the city's history from its earliest appearance in the classical sources to the age of Constantine, accompanied by a commentary in German. However, despite its usefulness, the book has not fulfilled the need for a full corpus of the city's inscriptions.

scholarly journals The Goddess Spitting Fire: Myths and Reality of the Kangra Temple

2021 ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Irina P. Chelysheva
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Colonial Administration ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The Temple ◽  
North Western

The paper focuses on one of the most popular Hindu pilgrimage centers — Jwalamukhi temple, based in the Kangra district of the North-Western state of India, Himachal Pradesh. The temple is unique due to the absence of the main image. At the same time, people worship the deity as women’s energy Shakti in the form of a fire. The author draws attention to peculiar analogies traced by some research scholars between this temple and the fire temple named Surakhan Ateshgah near Baku in Azerbaijan. Considering this subject, the author analyses different versions of the origin of the fire temple in Azerbaijan, including the so-called “Indian angle”. Basing on the wide range of source material, including the reports of the Archaeological Survey of India established by the British colonial administration in 1861, the author evaluates and critically reviews various versions regarding possible dates of building this temple. Undertaken investigation allows concluding that the temple of Jwalamukhi could be founded in the 6th–7th centuries AD. However, the very cult of worshipping this goddess in Kangra might originate much earlier, in the first centuries BC. The article contains a cryptic narrative of the medieval history of the temple, supplemented by famous chronicles by Ferishta narrating how it was repeatedly subjected to devastating raids of Muslim armies, firstly led by the Delhi sultans and later by Mughal rulers. The description of the temple and religious rituals are based on the personal impressions of the author.

‘How Dare they Leave all this Unexcavated!’: Continuing to Discover Roman Bath

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Roman Baths ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Town

The frustrated cry of the young Barry Cunliffe has an odd echo in these days of preservation in situ. Sitting in the Roman Baths on his first visit as a schoolboy in 1955, he was astonished at how much was unknown about the Baths, despite their international reputation: large areas ‘surrounded by big question marks . . . all around . . . the word ‘‘unexcavated’’ ’ (Cunliffe 1984: xiii; figure 1). His later understanding of the realities and constraints of excavation only sharpened his desire to know more. Now, fifty years on and more, due in large part to that drive to know, his curiosity, we can claim to have made as much progress in our understanding of the baths and the city around them as had occurred in all the years before his visit, a history of archaeological enquiry stretching back over 400 years. In 1955 the baths were much as they had been discovered in the 1880s and 1890s. They were not well understood. The town, or city, or whatever surrounded it, were almost completely unknown, or at best, misunderstood. It was still possible in that year to argue that the temple of Sulis Minerva was on the north of the King’s Bath, not, as records of earlier discoveries made clear, on the west (Richmond and Toynbee 1955). Yet as the young Cunliffe sat and mused, the archaeological world was beginning to take note and a modern excavation campaign was beginning; indeed had begun: Professor Ian Richmond, in a short eight years to become a colleague, had started ‘his patient and elegant exploration of the East Baths’ the summer before (Cunliffe 1969: v). Richmond initiated a small number of very limited investigations into the East Baths, elucidating a tangle of remains that, while clearly the result of a succession of alterations and archaeological phases, had never been adequately analysed. Richmond’s main aim was to understand the developmental history of the baths, and this approach, combined with a thoughtful and thorough study of the rest of the remains, led to a still broadly accepted phasing and functional analysis (Cunliffe 1969).

From Organisms to World Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
World Society ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This article proposes to analyze the idea of organism and other closely related ideas (function, differentiation, etc.) using a combination of semantic fields analysis from conceptual history and the notion of boundary objects from the sociology of scientific knowledge. By tackling a wide range of source material, the article charts the nomadic existence of organism and opens up new vistas for an integrated history of the natural and human sciences. First, the boundaries are less clear-cut between disciplines like biology and sociology than previously believed. Second, a long and transdisciplinary tradition of talking about organismic and societal systems in highly functionalist terms comes into view. Third, the approach shows that conceptions of a world society in Niklas Luhmann's variant are not semantic innovations of the late twentieth century. Rather, their history can be traced back to organicist sociology and its forgotten pioneers, especially Albert Schäffle or Guillaume de Greef, during the last decades of the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals The history of healthcare facilities management services: a UK perspective on infection control

Facilities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 369-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Njuangang ◽  
Champika Liyanage ◽  
Akintola Akintoye
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Purpose The history of the development of non-clinical services in infection control (IC) dates back to the pre-modern era. There is evidence of health-care facility management (HFM) services in Roman military hospitals. With the fall of the Roman Empire, Christian beliefs and teaching shaped the development of HFM in monastic hospitals. It was not until the late Victorian era that the link between HFM services and diseases caused by “miasma”, or bad air, became established. The discovery of bacteria in the modern scientific era reduced the level of importance previously attached to non-clinical causes of infections. Today, in the NHS, HFM services continue to be treated as though they had no real role to play in IC. This paper aims to collate historical and epidemiological evidence to show the link between HFM and IC. Design/methodology/approach The evidence gathered in this research paper is primarily based on an in-depth review of research from a wide range of sources. A “within-study literature analysis” was conducted to synthesise the research materials. This involved the application of “between-source triangulation” to verify the quality of the information contained in the studies, and “between-source complementarity” to provide an in-depth elaboration of the historical facts. Findings Historical and epidemiological evidence shows that HFM services such as cleaning, waste management, catering, laundry and maintenance continue to play a crucial role in IC. This is corroborated by evidence gathered from the work of renowned pioneers in the field of IC. However, reforms in the NHS have failed to consider this, as HFM services have been largely fragmented through different partnership arrangements. Practical implications Among many other things, this research raises the profile of HFM staff in relation to the issue of IC in hospitals. It presents convincing evidence to show that the relationship between the clinical and non-clinical domains in controlling infections in hospitals has a long history. The findings of this research give HFM staff invaluable information about the significant role of their profession in the control of infections in hospitals. Originality/value This is one of the few studies examining the historical development of HFM services, as well as their contribution to IC. Other work in this area has mainly been framed from a clinical health-care perspective.

Byzantines and Crusaders in Non-Greek Sources, 1025-1204

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The West ◽  
Fourth Crusade ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

These chapters survey the range of historical sources from the peoples who collided with the Byzantine Empire during this period of dramatic upheaval. The Empire that had been expanded and consolidated by Basil II (d. 1025) was to disintegrate in the face of incursions from the north and Muslim east. In addition, pilgrims and crusaders from the west passed through the Empire and settled – culminating in the capture of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In order to understand the history of the region during this period, one must be aware of the rich source material created by these shifting populations, in a wide range of languages, and with differing traditions of historical writing. The 14 chapters give an overview of the material, highlighting any problems the historian may have in dealing with it, and provide detailed bibliographical surveys. Latin, Arabic, Jewish, Slavonic, Georgian, Armenian, and Syriac sources are all discussed.

König und Tempel

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-257
Author(s):  
Michael Pietsch
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
The Political ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Literary Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sitz Im Leben ◽  
History Of ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Temple

Abstract When looking at the literary history of the dynastic oracle in 2 Sam 7:1-17 and its narrative embedding in the historiographic concept of Samuel and Kings, one can argue that in the beginning, there was a royal oracle of salvation shaped by a common Ancient Near Eastern royal ideology. Even though the exact wording or the original ‘Sitz im Leben’ of the oracle cannot be identified with any certainty, some observations in the literary structure of the narrative indicate that the ‘deuteronomistic’ narrator in 2 Sam 7 used an earlier form of the dynastic oracle in order to combine it with the motive of building the temple and creating a coherent story that plays a key role in the historiographic structure of his narrative work. Later (dtr) editors enhanced the concept of building the temple over the dynastic promise and interpreted the time of David as the final stage of Israel’s conquest of the land. The dynastic oracle has not been revoked, but the political reign of the Davidides has been relativised, so that the text was opened up for new interpretations and applications, which can be studied in the wide range of its history of reception.

Studies in the Ottoman Archives—I.

1954 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
First Century ◽  
General Study ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arabic Speaking

The following studies are all based on the registers of land, population, and revenue contained in the Ottoman archives in Istanbul. They will be limited to the Arabic-speaking provinces of the Ottoman Empire, and to the first century of Ottoman rule. It is not my purpose to attempt a general study of the history of these areas in this period, nor to correlate the information derived from the archives with that obtained from other sources in a comprehensive historical monograph. My aim is rather to offer a series of studies in detail in a certain class of documents and on a few special topics; that is, to make a number of soundings in depth at selected points, rather than a surface survey of this material. The topics have, as far as possible, been chosen so as to give a wide range of variety, dealing with town and country, inland and coastal areas, mountain and plain. The first two studies deal with Palestine, which of all the countries under consideration has by far the richest documentation in outside.sources, and therefore offered the most promising field for a first experimental study. This study presents in outline the picture of Palestine in the early Ottoman period that emerges from the registers, and is intended as an introduction to the material as a whole. It will be followed by a documentary study of the quarters, population, and taxation of the towns of Palestine, and then by further studies on selected rural and urban areas in Syria and Iraq.1

Ambivalenzen der Darstellung und Zirkelschlüsse der Interpretation. Die Tanzdarstellung Hiltbolts von Schwangau im ‚Codex Manesse‘ und der Reigen höfischer Tugenden im ‚Roman de la Rose‘

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-446
Author(s):  
Julia Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medieval Literature ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Religious Art ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Roman De La Rose ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Small Footprint

AbstractNumerous studies covering courtly dancing and its portrayal in medieval European religious art and literature seem to have, to a large extent, exhausted this subject. Nevertheless, works on courtly dances remain, for the most part, more speculative in nature than apparent at first glance. This is amazing when we consider the importance of courtly dance in literature and art dating from the Middle Ages, as there are only few Middle High German poems in which collective dance is not mentioned. Contrasting with this great number and wide range of references to dance is its small footprint in works dealing with the history of dance. Only a small number of works touch up this issue, and these have only collected and analysed fragments of the source material available. Hence, any conclusions cannot but lack critical depth with regard to the varying degrees of stylisation present, and their importance when attempting to draw comparisons between reports bound by tradition and stereotyped in nature, and those that exhibit greater literariness. This paper aims to discuss these problems and serves as a contribution to the field of the history of dance as reflected in medieval literature.

The Ardhakathanaka by Banarasi Das: a Socio-cultural Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Eugenia Vanina
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medieval India ◽  
Middle Class People ◽  
The Ideal

Any researcher into the pre-modern history of India inevitably faces the problem of source material, and the creative genius of medieval Indians furnishes us with a wide range of sources; innumerable files of original documents, multi-volumed chronicles, bulky treatises, etc. A great number of travelogues enables us to view medieval India through the eyes of visitors from all parts of the globe. The source to be analysed in this article will hardly stand comparison with the above-mentioned materials. It is a biography of an insignificant man, a family history of modest middle-class people unconnected with court intrigues and political battles. And the title of the book is anything but serious. Ardhakathanaka means “Half a Tale”. The author, a Jain merchant named Banarasi Das, completed it in 1641, being fifty-five at that time; the ideal life span of the great Jain sages was believed to be one hundred and ten years. Thus Banarasi, who harboured no ambitions to equal the great sages, titled his autobiography “Haifa Tale”, displaying a somewhat bitter humour (he died shortly after completing the book).

scholarly journals Beyond frontiers: Ancient Rome and the Eurasian trade networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Galli
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Far East ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trading Routes

During the second half of the 19th century, the Roman Empire was already considered one of the key players inside the Eurasian networks. This research focuses on four relevant points. From a historiographical perspective, the reconstruction of the trading routes represented a central theme in the history of the relationship between the Roman Empire and the Far East. Imagining a plurality of itineraries and combinations of overland and sea routes, it is possible to reconstruct a complex reality in which the Eurasian networks during the Early Roman Empire developed. As far as economics is concerned, new documentation demonstrates the wide range and the extraordinary impact of the Eastern products on Roman markets. A final focus on the process of Chinese silk unravelling and reweaving provides an important clue on how complex and absolutely not mono-directional were the interactions and the exchanges in the Eurasian networks during the first centuries of the Roman Empire.

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