The Impact of Unit Goal Priorities, Economic Incentives, and Interim Feedback on the Planned Effort of Information Systems Professionals

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad M. Tuttle ◽  
Adrian M. Harrell
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Information Systems Professionals ◽  
Is Professionals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Influence Behavior

Recent interest in aligning the activities of the individuals in information systems (IS) with the organization's strategic objectives suggests a need to understand the factors that influence the behavior of IS professionals. One way that organizations influence behavior is by setting goal priorities in connection with feedback and economic incentives. The objective of the present study is to examine how goal priority, feedback, and economic incentives influence IS professionals' planned effort as reflected by the time they would devote to each of two different goals. Research instruments were mailed to IS professionals at companies with 500 or more employees throughout the United States. A total of 196 instruments were returned yielding a response rate of 32.0 percent. In general, the participants were highly experienced, averaging 21.3 years in the IS profession and an average of 11.9 years in management. Results show IS professionals direct their planned effort toward the primary goal without the need for additional incentives. Conversely, incentives tied to the secondary goal direct planned effort away from the primary goal. The results of the experiment support a model of behavior contingent on goal priority, feedback, and economic incentives.

scholarly journals Pain-Related Limitations in Daily Activities Following Thoracic Surgery in a United States Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (20;3) ◽  
pp. E367-E378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine O. Bayman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ringsted et al created a statistically validated questionnaire to assess painrelated limitations in daily activities following thoracic surgery and translated it to English. We utilized the questionnaire to assess the impact of pain impairing certain daily activities in a United States thoracic surgery population. Objectives: Examine if the questionnaire developed and translated to English by Ringsted et al to assess the effects of chronic pain after thoracic surgery on daily activities would be applicable in a sample of thoracic surgery patients in the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional study by mailed questionnaire. Setting: All patients who had thoracic surgery between 6 months and 3 years ago at a university hospital. Methods: We sent questionnaires to patients who had undergone thoracic surgery between 6 months and 3 years ago, yielding a sample of 349 eligible patients. Questionnaire results were statistically assessed for item fit, dimensionality, and internal reliability. Results: The response rate was 26.4%. Of the responders, 36% (95% CI: 26.1% to 46.5%) identified themselves as having chronic pain related to their thoracic surgery. Activities such as lying on the operated side, coughing, and carrying groceries were impaired in more than 50% of the patients who had thoracic surgery related pain (P < 0.05). Patients with chronic pain were more likely to report pain in other body locations. Few activities were limited in the patients identifying themselves as not having chronic pain. Statistical measures indicate high internal reliability. Limitations: This was a retrospective questionnaire with 26.4% response rate. Conclusions: Pain continues to impair the daily activities of a significant proportion of patients after thoracic surgery in a sample from the United States. Despite cultural differences, the Danish procedure-specific questionnaire provides an applicable and similar assessment of functional impairment after thoracic surgery in American patients. Key words: Thoracic surgery, chronic pain, impairment, daily life, questionnaire

Normative commitment in an information systems project environment

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita G. Brooks ◽  
Melinda L. Korzaan ◽  
Stoney Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normative Commitment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Project Environment ◽  
Problem Solving Competency ◽  
Intention To Continue ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper builds on previous research in information systems (IS) project management by focusing on key antecedents proposed to play important roles in influencing normative commitment within the IS project environment. The study also further investigates the influence of normative commitment on intentions to continue.Design/methodology/approachTo collect data for this study, a field survey was administered online, and individuals were selected for participation by a member of upper management from Fortune 500 companies located in the United States. Two-hundred and thirty two (232) survey responses were collected. The model was analyzed using PLS-SEM.FindingsThe results indicated that personal investment, personal responsibility, voluntariness, project-specific self-efficacy and problem-solving competency were all significantly related to normative commitment. Project-specific self-efficacy, problem-solving competency and normative commitment directly influenced intention to continue. Additionally, problem-solving competency moderated both the relationships of project-specific self-efficacy to normative commitment and project-specific self-efficacy to intention to continue. The resulting model explains 63% of intention to continue and 58% of normative commitment.Originality/valueThe findings from this study contribute to commitment theory and enhance one’s understanding of IS project environments by exploring specific antecedents related to developing normative commitment. Additionally, the impact of normative commitment on intention to continue was enhanced by examining key moderating relationships to the model.

scholarly journals Effects of Potential Federal Funding Cuts on Graduate Medical Education: Results of a Survey of Designated Institutional Officials

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen D. Holt ◽  
Rebecca S. Miller ◽  
Ingrid Philibert ◽  
Thomas J. Nasca
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Federal Funding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physician Education ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Accredited Institutions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Funding Cuts

Abstract Background Proposed reductions in federal funding for physician education may affect the United States' ability to produce the number of physicians needed to provide care. Objective Using a survey similar to that used by the ACGME in 2011, we assessed designated institutional officials' (DIOs) perceptions of the impact of potential GME funding reductions. Method In August 2013, we sent a survey link to all DIOs of ACGME-accredited institutions (N  =  678). A 9-item survey asked how future federal funding would affect the number of residency programs in their institutions under 4 different funding scenarios: stable funding, and reductions of 10%, 33%, and 50%. We also asked about changes in the number of residency positions during the last 2 years. Results The response rate was 47.9% (325 of 678 DIOs); respondents represent 58.9% of accredited institutions with more than 1 program. Most respondents reported no change or an increase under the stable funding scenario. Under a 33% funding reduction, an estimated 17 379 (14.8% of all current) positions would be lost, and a 50% reduction would result in a loss of 33 562 positions (28.6%). Primary care specialties (eg, family medicine, internal medicine) would be most affected under the greatest funding reductions. Conclusions The findings of the 2013 survey are consistent with 2011 data, with DIOs projecting significant reductions in programs and positions under more severe budget cuts. DIO comments highlighted reduced optimism (compared to data obtained in 2011) about the effect of funding cuts and concerns about the impact of reductions on patient care and health care personnel at teaching institutions.

Voluntary Turnover of Information Systems Professionals

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
M. Gordon Hunter ◽  
Felix B. Tan ◽  
Bernard C.Y. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Information Systems Professionals ◽  
Inquiry Approach ◽  
Is Professionals ◽  
Different Cultures

This investigation examines the motivating factors associated with voluntary turnover decisions of information systems (IS) professionals within the context of two different cultures—Singapore and New Zealand. The narrative inquiry approach was employed to interview 35 IS professionals. Ninety-seven turnover episodes were identified, including 42 in Singapore and 55 in New Zealand. The findings indicate that there exist universal turnover factors which are culturally independent. However, there are also factors that are culturally sensitive, which should be considered by managers when dealing with an international workforce.

scholarly journals WHO COMES AND WHY? DETERMINANTS OF IMMIGRANTS SKILL LEVEL IN THE EARLY XXTH CENTURY US

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Covarrubias ◽  
Jeanne Lafortune ◽  
José Tessada
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract:This paper first elaborates a model of intermediate selection where potential migrants must have both the resources to finance the migration cost (liquidity constraint restriction) and an income gain of migrating (economic incentives restriction). We then test the predictions of the model regarding the impact of output in the sending country and migration costs on average skill level of immigrants to the United States from 1899 to 1932, where immigration was initially unrestricted by law and then highly limited. Our panel of 39 countries includes data on occupations that immigrants had in their country of origin, providing a more accurate skill measure than previously available datasets. We find that migration costs have a negative but skill-neutral effect on quantity of immigrants and an increase in output, measured as GDP per capita, has a positive effect on quantity and a negative effect on average skill level of immigrants, suggesting that the main channel by which changes in output affected the average skill level of migrants in that time period is through the easing or tightening of the liquidity constraints and not through the economic incentives as in previous models. Also, using migrants’ occupation in the United States as a measure of skills would lead to misleading conclusions.

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