Hairless Descendants of Mexican Hairless Dogs: An Experimental Model for Studying Hypertrophic Scars

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Clinical Observations

Background/Objective: In previous studies, the author noticed hypertrophic scar formation in hairless dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate both grossly and histopathologically hypertrophic scars in hairless dogs to explore any similarities with hypertrophic scars in humans and to introduce these dogs as an appropriate model for further investigation on hypertrophic scarring. Methods: Full-thickness wounds were made on the dorsolumbar skin of hairless dogs. Hypertrophic scarring was examined with three methods: clinical observations, dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-positive melanocytes, and skin histopathology. Results: Hairless dogs clinically developed the formation of hyperpigmented and hypertrophic scars that did not extend beyond the original wound margins. In hypertrophic scars of hairless dogs, the split epidermal sheet showed an increased number of DOPA-positive melanocytes with well-developed dendrites exhibiting activated melanocytes. There were very few DOPA-positive melanocytes in the repaired skin of haired dogs. Histopathologic examinations demonstrated that hypertrophic scars were fully reepithelialized and granulation tissue formation was accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration. There was remodeling of thick collagens and fine elastic fibers in the course of hypertrophic scar formation. Conclusion: Experimental hypertrophic scars produced in hairless dogs have morphologic properties similar to those of human hypertrophic scars.

The Use of Silicone Gel Sheets in the Control of Hypertrophic Scar Tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 248-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Gollop
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
The Past ◽  
Silicone Gel ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar Tissue ◽  
Indications For Use

For the past 3 years, Nottingham City Hospital Burns and Plastic Surgery Unit have been using silicone gel in addition to, or as an alternative to, accepted methods of treating hypertrophic scarring. This paper outlines the history, properties and indications for use of silicone gel. Its findings result from a retrospective study based largely on clinical observations.

scholarly journals Manfaat Olesan Madu Pada Penyembuhan Luka Kulit

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantsa Lomban ◽  
Sonny J. R. Kalangi ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Healing Of Skin Wounds ◽  
Ancient Times

Abstract: The use of honey in wound care has been used since ancient times. Honey has been shown to have antibacterial properties, as well as low pH levels making environmental conditions unfavorable for bacterial growth. Clinical observations from human trials report that honey helps granulation tissue formation, increases epithelialization, and reduces inflammation which affects the acceleration of wound healing. The aims of this study is to determine the effect of honey toward wound healing. This study is in the form of a literature review. Literature is taken from one database, namely PubMed. The keywords used are honey and wound healing. After being selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten literature will be reviewed. Honey gave good results and affected the healing of skin wounds, including several types of honey that were studied in experimental animals and in experimental people. In conclusion, honey has an effect on healing skin wounds.Key words: Honey, wound healing  Abstrak: Penggunaan madu dalam perawatan luka telah digunakan sejak saat zaman kuno. Madu telah terbukti memiliki sifat antibakteri, juga kadar pH rendah membuat kondisi lingkungan yang tidak mendukung untuk pertumbuhan bakteri. Pengamatan klinis dari uji coba pada manusia melaporkan bahwa madu membantu pembentukan jaringan granulasi, meningkatkan epitelisasi, dan mengurangi peradangan yang mempengaruhi percepatan penyembuhan luka. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh madu terhadap penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini dalam bentuk literature review. Literatur diambil dari satu database yaitu PubMed. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu honey and wound healing. Setelah diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan sepuluh literatur yang akan direview. Madu memberikan hasil yang baik dan berpengaruh terhadap penyembuhan luka kulit, di antaranya ada beberapa jenis madu yang diteliti pada hewan percobaan maupun pada orang coba. Sebagai simpulan, madu mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penyembuhan luka kulit.Kata kunci: Madu, penyembuhan luka

scholarly journals Effect of THBS1 on the Biological Function of Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. Jiang ◽  
B. Guo ◽  
F. Lin ◽  
Q. Hui ◽  
K. Tao
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Skin Collagen ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Tgf Β1

Hypertrophic scarring is a skin collagen disease that can occur following skin damage and is unlikely to heal or subside naturally. Since surgical treatment often worsens scarring, it is important to investigate the pathogenesis and prevention of hypertrophic scarring. Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) is a matrix glycoprotein that can affect fibrosis by activating TGF-β1, which plays a key role in wound repair and tissue regeneration; therefore, we investigated the effects of THBS1 on the biological function of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. THBS1 expression was measured in hypertrophic scars and adjacent tissues as well as normal fibroblasts, normal scar fibroblasts, and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. In addition, THBS1 was overexpressed or silenced in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts to determine the effects of THBS1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration, as well as TGF-β1 expression. Finally, the role of THBS1 in hypertrophic scarring was confirmed in vivo using a mouse model. We found that THBS1 expression was increased in hypertrophic scar tissues and fibroblasts and promoted the growth and migration of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts as well as TGF-β1 expression. Interestingly, we found that si-THBS1 inhibited the occurrence and development of bleomycin-induced hypertrophic scars in vivo and downregulated TGF-β1 expression. Together, our findings suggest that THBS1 is abnormally expressed in hypertrophic scars and can induce the growth of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by regulating TGF-β1. Consequently, THBS1 could be an ideal target for treating hypertrophic scarring.

scholarly journals Burn Care in the Era of Rapid Enzymatic Debridement: Challenging the Dogma that Healing Beyond 21 Days Results in Hypertrophic Scarring

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Lior Rosenberg ◽  
Yaron Shoham ◽  
Stan Monstrey ◽  
Henk Hoeksema ◽  
Jeremy Goverman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Secondary Intention ◽  
Enzymatic Debridement

Deep burns are characterized by the presence of a necrotic eschar that delays healing and results in a local and systemic inflammatory response and following healing by secondary intention: heavy scarring. Early surgical debridement followed by grafting was a major advance in deep burn care and is now the standard of care, reducing mortality and hypertrophic scarring. Eschars have alternatively been managed by non-surgical, autolytic debridement, which often results in infection-inflammation, slow epithelialization, granulation tissue formation and subsequent scarring. Studies based on these traditional approaches have demonstrated an association between delayed wound closure (beyond 21 days) and scarring. Early enzymatic debridement with NexoBrid (NXB) followed by appropriate wound care is a novel minimally invasive modality that challenges the well-accepted dictum of a high risk of hypertrophic scarring associated with wound closure that extends beyond 21 days. This is not surprising since early and selective removal of only the necrotic eschar often leaves enough viable dermis and skin appendages to allow healing by epithelialization over the dermis. In the absence of necrotic tissue, healing is similar to epithelialization of clean dermal wounds (like many donor sites) and not healing by the secondary intention that is based on granulation tissue formation and subsequent scarring. If and when granulation islands start to appear on the epithelializing dermis, they and the inflammatory response generally can be controlled by short courses (1-3 days) of topically applied low strength corticosteroid ointments minimizing the risk of hypertrophic scarring, albeit with wound closure delayed beyond the magic number of 21 days. Results from multiple studies and field experience confirm that while deep burns managed with early enzymatic debridement often require more than 21 days to reepithelialize, long-term cosmetic results are at least as good as with excision and grafting.

scholarly journals Combined carbon photon and hydrogel therapy mediates the synergistic repair of full-thickness skin wounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052093532
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Xiuling Zhou ◽  
Sitong Chen ◽  
Qiuju Li ◽  
Ronghang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds ◽  
Photon Exposure

Objective This study investigated the synergistic repair effects of Prontosan hydrogel and carbon photon therapy in a rat full-thickness wound model. Methods The wavelength distribution of the photon source was determined. Dehydration of the Prontosan hydrogel and fibroblast viability were analyzed following exposure to different durations of light exposure at different distances from the source. Indexes of wound healing in a full-thickness rat wound model were then determined in groups ( n = 8 each) subjected to either no treatment, Prontosan treatment only, carbon photon therapy only, or a combination of the two treatments (synergistic group). Results Carbon photon exposure for 15 minutes at a distance of 20 cm from the wound was found to be optimal. Wound healing occurred faster in the synergistic group compared with the control and single-treatment groups. Growth factor secretion, granulation tissue formation, inflammation regulation, collagen deposition, and neovascularization were all higher in the synergistic group. Conclusions Prontosan hydrogel combined with carbon photon therapy may provide an optimal environment for wound healing and serve as a novel physical approach to the treatment of wounds. However, the number of animals included in this study was relatively small and a larger study is required to confirm these findings.

Effects of two occlusive, hydrocolloid dressings on healing of full-thickness skin wounds in cats

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Pagona Gouletsou ◽  
Apostolos Galatos ◽  
Dimitra Psalla ◽  
Antonis Lymperis ◽  
Lyssimachos Papazoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Thickness Skin

Summary Objectives: To determine the effects of two occlusive, hydrocolloid dressings on second intention wound healing in cats. Methods: Three 2×2 cm full-thickness skin wounds were created on each side of the trunk of 10 cats. Two bilateral wounds were bandaged using different hydrocolloid dressings, namely Hydrocoll and DuoDerm while a semi-occlusive pad (Melolin) was applied to the third bilateral wound (control group). Wound planimetry, subjective evaluation of wound healing, and qualitative bacterial cultures were performed on the right-sided wounds, whereas left-sided wounds were subjected to histological examination. Results: Subjective evaluation revealed accelerated (p <0.01) granulation tissue formation in hydrocolloid-treated wounds. The amount of wound exudate was initially greater (p <0.01) in these wounds. Seventeen out of 120 evaluated wounds (14.2%) produced purulent exudate, 11 of which showed Staphylococcus aureus growth. Fewer control wounds (3/17) emitted puru-lent exudate, but all of them yielded moderate bacterial growth as compared to hydrocolloid-treated wounds (8/17) which had a low incidence of bacterial growth. The only significant difference in histological variables was increased cellular infiltration noted on day 7 in Hydrocoll-treated wounds compared to controls. No significant differences in planimetry variables were found between groups. Clinical significance: Despite the initially increased amount of wound exudate and the low growth of Staphylococcus aureus, hydrocolloid dressings accelerate granulation tissue formation and can hence be suggested for second intention wound healing in cats.

Silicone Gel and Hypertrophic Scar Formation: A Literature Review

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Silicone Gel ◽  
Treatment Techniques

Since 1982 a number of studies have investigated the use of silicone gel sheets in the prevention and reduction of hypertrophic scar formation. The statistical significance of several of these studies has been reduced by poor standardization of research methods, and the lack of a reliable and valid method of assessing hypertrophic scarring. When these studies are considered together, however, several clinically significant trends become apparent. The application of silicone gel appears to normalize the texture, colour, evaluation, and occurrence of subjective complaints (i.e., pain and pruritis) typically associated with hypertrophic scarring. These results are independent of the patient's age, method of attachment of the gel, or the location, age, or cause of the scar. The most appropriate treatment protocol for the application of silicone gel has yet to be determined. Current literature suggests that daily wearing tolerance be developed over the course of one to two weeks, the gel and scar be cleaned twice daily, and skin monitored regularly for signs of irritation. The optimal duration of treatment has not been established. Further research using standardized procedures and valid, reliable methods of measurement are required before this treatment can be ethically used to replace more established treatment techniques. However, the literature currently available would indicate that silicone gel may be an effective treatment technique for the prevention and reduction of hypertrophic scar formation following burn injury.

scholarly journals Single cell landscape of hypertrophic scars identifies serine proteases as key regulators of myofibroblast differentiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Vorstandlechner ◽  
Maria Laggner ◽  
Dragan Copic ◽  
Yiyan Chen ◽  
Bahar Golabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Myofibroblast Differentiation ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

AbstractDespite recent advances in understanding skin scarring, mechanisms triggering hypertrophic scar formation are still poorly understood. In the present study we performed single-cell sequencing of mature human hypertrophic scars and developing scars in mice.Compared to normal skin, we found significant differences in gene expression in most cell types present in scar tissue. Fibroblasts (FBs) showed the most prominent alterations in gene expression, displaying a distinct fibrotic signature. By comparing genes upregulated in murine FBs during scar development with genes highly expressed in mature human hypertrophic scars, we identified a group of serine proteases, tentatively involved in scar formation. Two of them, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) and urokinase (PLAU), were further analyzed in functional assays, revealing a role in TGFβ1-mediated myofibroblast differentiation and over-production of components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) without interfering with the canonical TGFβ1-signaling pathway.In this study, we delineate the genetic landscape of hypertrophic scars and present new insights into mechanisms involved in hypertrophic scar formation. Our data suggest the use of serine protease inhibitors for the treatment of skin fibrosis.

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