Comparison of arch width, alveolar width and buccolingual inclination of teeth between Class II division 1 malocclusion and Class I occlusion

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the arch width, alveolar width, and buccolingual inclination of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth between Class II division 1 malocclusion and Class I occlusion. Materials and Methods: Forty-five subjects with Class I occlusion and 45 subjects with Class II division 1 malocclusion were selected to measure the maxillary and mandibular arch width and alveolar width of premolars and first molars with digital caliper. Buccolingual inclination of maxillary and mandibular premolars and first molars were measured with a modified universal bevel protractor. Results: All of the posterior teeth in both groups were lingually tilted. The maxillary premolars and first molars were significantly more lingually tilted (P < .05) in Class II division 1 malocclusion than in Class I occlusion. Mandibular first premolars were significantly less lingually tilted in Class II division 1 malocclusion than in Class I occlusion. No significant difference of buccolingual inclination was found in mandibular second premolars and first molars between the two groups. No significant difference in maxillary and mandibular arch width and alveolar width was found between the two groups. Conclusions: Buccolingual inclination rather than arch width and alveolar width plays an important role in transverse discrepancy of Class II division 1 malocclusion.

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Evaluation of arch width among Class I normal occlusion, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III malocclusion in Indian population

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry ◽

10.4103/0976-237x.166842 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 202

Author(s):

Nishit Mehta ◽

Dolly Patel ◽

Falguni Mehta ◽

Nimesh Patel ◽

Ipist Trivedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Class Iii Malocclusion ◽

Arch Width ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Division 1 ◽

Division 2 ◽

Class Ii Division 1

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A study on Arch Widths of Bangladeshi Adult Subjects with Class II-2 malocclusion compared to those with Class II div1 malocclusion and Normal Occlusion

Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.3329/bjodfo.v3i2.24006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

Md Masud Rana ◽

Md Zakir Hossain

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Class I ◽

P Value ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Division 1 ◽

Division 2 ◽

Dental Casts ◽

Class Ii Division 1

Aim : To evaluate the transverse discrepancy in different malocclusion groups. Also to test the hypothesisvthat models with Class II division 2 malocclusion may have mean maxillary arch widths significantly smaller than those with normal occlusions and significantly larger than those with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Thus the proposed study will generate interest among the orthodontists for further study over the transverse discrepancy of our patients and guide them to establish effective treatment strategy and their management.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study conducted among the dental casts of 150 patients and students of the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. Both male and female were included. The first group consists of 50 pair of study models with permanent dentition and diagnosed as Class I (normal) occlusion. The second group includes another 50 pair of dental casts with permanent dentition and diagnosed as Class II division 1 malocclusion . And third group includes another 50 pair of dental casts with permanent dentition and was diagnosed as Class II division 2 malocclusion. This group of malocclusion was again subdivided into two categories, Class II division 2 malocclusion with crowding and Class II division 2 malocclusion without crowding. The Students t test was used to analyze the data. In this analytical test the level of significance p value <0.05 was considered significantResults: No Statistically significant difference was observed in the maxillary inter canine, inter first premolar and inter first molar widths between class-I and Class-II div-1. Significant differences were observed between two groups. In case of mandibular inter first molar widths (p value = 0.001), and also differences in case of mandibular inter canine, inter first premolar and inter first molar widths between Class-I and Class II div 2 malocclusion p value respectively .01, 0.002,0.01.Conclusion: This study helps in determining possible differences in the dental arch widths of Bangladeshi people in Class II div 2 adults compared to adults with Class II div 1 and normal occlusion may be an important aid in further understanding of dentoalveolar characteristics of these conditions, as well as improving their management.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2

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Comparative Dentoskeletal Study of Class II Division 1 and Class II Division 2 Malocclusion Subjects

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v1i1.9365 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Jyoti Dhakal

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

Basic Difference ◽

Cephalometric Radiograph ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Division 1 ◽

Dentoskeletal Morphology ◽

Division 2 ◽

Dental Cast ◽

Class Ii Division 1

The dentoskeletal characteristics of Class II malocclusion subjects were evaluated using cephalometric radiograph and dental cast of 60 untreated patients. The sample included 30 Class II Division 1 and 30 Class II Division 2 malocclusion patients. The inter-canine, inter-premolar, inter-molar, inter-canine alveolar, inter-premolar alveolar, inter-molar alveolar widths are measured on study models. The result showed statistically significant difference between the groups for mandibular inter-canine width only. The cephalometric analysis revealed that SNB angle was responsible for the skeletal sagittal difference between the two groups except for the position of maxillary incisors. No basic difference in dentoskeletal morphology existed between Class II Division 1 and Class II Division 2 malocclusions.

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Comparative Evaluation of Adenoids, Upper Airway, and Tongue Using “Predictors of Difficult Airways” in Class II Division 1 and Division 2 Cases with Class I Cases: Prospective In Vivo Observational Study

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/0301574220963411 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030157422096341

Author(s):

Smita Mangesh Choudhari ◽

Sunita Shrivastav

Keyword(s):

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Division 1 ◽

Difficult Airways ◽

Mandibular Protrusion ◽

Division 2 ◽

Class Ii Division 1

Introduction: Altered nasorespiratory function leads to altered craniofacial growth. Thus, airway evaluation is important for preventive, interceptive, and corrective orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare adenoids, the upper airway, the tongue, and mandibular dimensions using “predictors of difficult airways” in class II division 1 and class II division 2 cases with class I cases. Method: Sixty subjects of age 15 to 18 years were divided into 3 groups (group 1: class I cases; group 2: class II division 1 cases; and group 3: class II division 2 cases) based on cephalometric parameters, with 20 cases in each group. Cephalometric evaluation of adenoids and the nasopharyngeal airway was done using the Handelman–Osborne area method. Upper and lower airway evaluation was done using McNamara’s linear method. “Predictors of difficult airways” were used for evaluation of the airway, which included nasal competency, the Mallampati scale, mandibular length, mandibular protrusion, and the thyromental distance. Results: The present study found a significant positive correlation between the grades of nasal competency and percentage adenoid wall area, and a significant negative correlation between the grades of nasal competency and the upper airway. There was a significant positive correlation between the grades of nasal competency and mandibular length, and a significant positive correlation between the grades of mandibular protrusion and mandibular length. There was a significant positive correlation between the grades of the thyromental distance and mandibular length. Conclusion: It was concluded that the “predictors of difficult airways” would be helpful in early diagnosis and identification of potential risk factors that may cause “breathing disorders”–related malocclusions and later on increase the risk of developing OSA.

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Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1486 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 46-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Naim Z Al-Rayes ◽

Mohammad Y Hajeer

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Sexual Differences ◽

Class I ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Class Iii ◽

Digital Models ◽

Arch Width ◽

Division 1 ◽

3D Digital Models

ABSTRACT Objectives (1) To evaluate the applicability of using 3D digital models in the assessment of the magnitude of occlusal contacts by measuring occlusal contact surface areas (OCSAs) and 3D mesh points in ‘contact’ (OCMPs) in a sample of orthodontic patients; (2) To detect any sex differences in the magnitude of occlusal contacts in all malocclusion groups; (3) To detect intergroup differences; (4) To assess possible correlations between occlusal contacts and other dental characteristics. Materials and methods Study casts of 120 malocclusion patients were selected and divided into 4 groups (class I division 1, class II division 1, class II division 2, class III) with equal numbers for both sexes. 3D digital models were produced using O3DM™ technology. Occlusal contacts were quantified using two methods of measuring. Results (1) No significant sexual differences were detected for OCMPs (mesh points) and OCSAs (mm2) in all groups. (2) There were statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups for OCMPs and OCSAs (p < 0.001). Tukey's HSD posthoc tests showed that class III patients had significantly less occlusal contacts than other malocclusion groups. (3) Stepwise multiple regression equations showed that overjet, lower arch width and overbite could explain approximately 19.5% of the total variance of OCSAs and OCMPs. Conclusion Sexual differences in occlusal contacts were not detected. Class I division 1 patients had the highest amount of occlusal contacts among all groups of malocclusion. Overjet, overbite and lower dental arch width were best predictors of occlusal contacts in the current sample. How to cite this article Al-Rayes NZ, Hajeer MY. Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):46-55.

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Evaluation of tongue posture & dimensions in relation to skeletal Class I and Class II patterns- A cephalometric study

International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry ◽

10.18231/j.ijohd.2021.054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 276-281

Author(s):

Puja Khanna ◽

Sumit Chhabra ◽

Preeti Munjal ◽

Sunny Mittal ◽

Nishtha Arora

Keyword(s):

Statistical Tests ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Control Group ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Division 1 ◽

Skeletal Pattern ◽

Bonferroni Test ◽

Class Ii Division 1

Association of tongue posture with dental and facial skeletal pattern have been suggested in past. This study was undertaken to assess tongue posture and dimensions in Class I and Class II Dentoskeletal patterns to determine whether any correlation exists between tongue posture and skeletal pattern of an individual. Cephalograms of 150 individuals (aged 18-23 years), taken in Natural Head Position (NHP) and tongue at rest were divided into three groups i.e. Group 1 – Class I Normal occlusion, Group 2 – Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Group 3 – Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent, consisting of 50 samples each. To ensure the rest position of tongue, patient was asked to relax for 30 seconds after coating the tongue with barium sulphate in midline and then to swallow, and the X-ray was taken at the end of swallowing. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to sex. Groups were constituted according to the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) angle. The subjects who had skeletal Class II pattern due to mandibular retrusion and not due to maxillary prognathism were only included in the study group. Statistical analysis was done using the software SPSS version 21.0. The statistical tests used were unpaired t-test and One-way ANOVA test with post-hoc bonferroni test. The p-value was considered significant if less than 0.05.The dorsum of the tongue was higher at back and lower in front in Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent group as compared to Class I Normal occlusion group (P<.05). Tongue height and tongue length were significantly reduced in Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent malocclusion groups when compared to Class I control group (P<.05).The study supports the existence of a relationship between posture & dimensions of the tongue with Class I and Class II skeletal patterns.

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Class II Division 1 malocclusion treatment using TADs: Case report

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.2298/sgs2003159p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 159-164

Author(s):

Tina Pajevic ◽

Jovana Juloski ◽

Marija Zivkovic

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Class Ii ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽

Division 1 ◽

Incisor Retraction ◽

Class Ii Division 1

Introduction. Orthodontic treatment of Class II Division 1 (II/1) malocclusions in adults can be challenging since skeletal effects are limited. Possible treatment options are orthodontic camouflage or orthognatic surgery, in severe cases. The aim of this paper was to present a successful management of Class II malocclusion in an adult patient using temporary anchorage devices (TADs). Case report. After detailed clinical examination, study models and cephalometric analysis, a 26 years old patient was diagnosed with Class II malocclusion, an overjet of 12 mm, congenitally missing tooth 41 and midline shifted to the right in upper dental arch. In prior orthodontic treatment, patient had upper premolars extracted. Posterior teeth in upper left quadrant were shifted mesially. The camouflage treatment was considered, using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) to distalize posterior teeth on the left side, and gain space for incisor retraction and midline correction in upper dental arch. Results. Using TADs as additional anchorage in anterior region and coil spring for molar distalization, the space was made for tooth 23, midline correction and incisor retraction. After 40 months, a satisfactory result was achieved, overjet and midline correction, class I canines occlusion and class II molar occlusion. Conclusion. Class II/1 malocclusion in adults can be successfully treated using TADs. The success depends on the severity of malocclusion and patient cooperation.

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Upper Airway Dimensions in Class II Malocclusion

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/081406-332 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 1046-1053 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Mirja Kirjavainen ◽

Turkka Kirjavainen

Keyword(s):

Treatment Time ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

Division 1 ◽

Upper Airway Structure ◽

Class Ii Division 1

Abstract Objective: To study the effects of cervical headgear treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion on upper airway structures in children. Materials and Methods: Forty children aged 9.1 (7.2–11.5) years with Class II division 1 malocclusion were treated using a cervical headgear as the only treatment appliance. The headgear consisted of a long outer bow bent 15° upward and a large inner bow expanded 10 mm larger than the intermolar distance. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after the treatment. Upper airway structures were estimated from the cephalograms. The results were compared to cross-sectional data of 80 age-matched controls with a Class I molar relationship. Results: A Class I molar relationship was achieved in all treated children. The mean treatment time was 1.6 (0.3–3.1) years. The Class II malocclusion was accompanied by a similar or wider nasopharyngeal space than in the controls but narrower oro- and hypopharyngeal spaces. The retropalatal area was widened by the treatment (P < .05), whereas the rest of the oropharynx and hypopharynx remained narrower than in the controls. Before the treatment, the mandibular plane was in a more horizontal position than in the controls, but during the treatment, it rotated to a position similar to that of the controls. Conclusion: Class II division 1 malocclusion is associated with a narrower upper airway structure even without retrognathia. Headgear treatment is associated with an increase in the retropalatal airway space.

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Assessment of first molars sagittal and rotational position in Class II, division 1 malocclusion

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/s2176-94512013000600016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 106-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paulo Estevão Scanavini ◽

Renata Pilli Jóias ◽

Maria Helena Ferreira Vasconcelos ◽

Marco Antonio Scanavini ◽

Luiz Renato Paranhos

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Division 1 ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Student’S T ◽

The Right ◽

Class Ii Division 1

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the anterior-posterior positioning of the upper and lower first molars, and the degree of rotation of the upper first molars in individuals with Class II, division 1, malocclusion. METHODS: Asymmetry I, an accurate device, was used to assess sixty sets of dental casts from 27 females and 33 males, aged between 12 and 21 years old, with bilateral Class II, division 1. The sagittal position of the molars was determined by positioning the casts onto the device, considering the midpalatal suture as a symmetry reference, and then measuring the distance between the mesial marginal ridge of the most distal molar and the mesial marginal ridge of its counterpart. With regard to the degree of rotation of the upper molar, the distance between landmarks on the mesial marginal ridge was measured. Chi-square test with a 5% significance level was used to verify the variation in molars position. Student's t test at 5% significance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A great number of lower molars mesially positioned was registered, and the comparison between the right and left sides also demonstrated a higher number of mesially positioned molars on the right side of both arches. The average rotation of the molars was found to be 0.76 mm and 0.93 mm for the right and left sides, respectively. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant difference was detected between the mean values of molars mesialization regardless of the side and arch. Molars rotation, measured in millimeters, represented ¼ of Class II.

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