Neurogenic Tumors of Soft Tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 62-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M.M. Cates ◽  
Cheryl M. Coffin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors

Neurogenic tumors are an uncommon yet important category of soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents because of their frequent association with various genetic syndromes. The heterogeneous cellular composition of the peripheral nerve and the wide metaplastic capacity of the neural crest and its derivatives generate a variety of neoplasms with neurogenic differentiation. This article reviews the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of neurogenic tumors in the first two decades of life, and highlights use of selected ancillary methods for diagnosis.

scholarly journals Nerve Tumors: What the MSK Radiologist Should Know

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 076-084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Isaac ◽  
Bianca Bignotti ◽  
Federica Rossi ◽  
Federico Zaottini ◽  
Carlo Martinoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Imaging Feature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Neural Origin

AbstractNerve tumors are rare and heterogeneous soft tissue tumors arising from a peripheral nerve or showing nerve sheath differentiation. In a radiologic setting it is necessary to recognize soft tissue lesions that are of neural origin, their association with a peripheral nerve, and whether they are a true tumor or a so-called pseudotumor such as a neuroma, fibrolipoma, or peripheral nerve sheath ganglion. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging are the best modalities to characterize these lesions. US can be used to guide biopsy in difficult and uncertain cases when the lesion is either indeterminate or possibly malignant. At present, no single imaging feature or reproducible criteria, or a combination, can differentiate reliably between a neurofibroma and a schwannoma or discriminate with certainty between benign and malignant neurogenic tumors. Adequate imaging and consultation with a nerve tumors/sarcoma unit is advised.

Soft Tissue Tumors of Uncertain Origin

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 267-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Alaggio ◽  
Cheryl M. Coffin ◽  
Sara O. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Pediatric Pathology ◽  
Mesenchymal Tissue ◽  
Genetic Features

Many soft tissue tumors of childhood lack obvious differentiation toward a defined mesenchymal tissue type or have a phenotype that does not correspond to any defined normal tissue. These challenging tumors are currently regarded as neoplasms of uncertain differentiation. Nonetheless, there have been great strides in the understanding of their pathologic and genetic features and biologic underpinnings. The application of new genetic information to the pathologic diagnosis among this group of tumors is an emerging area in diagnostic pediatric pathology. This article reviews the clinicopathologic features of tumors of uncertain and/or miscellaneous origin, with an emphasis on the unique aspects of these neoplasms in children and adolescents, use of diagnostic adjuncts, and differential diagnosis.

Some General Considerations about the Clinicopathologic Aspects of Soft Tissue Tumors in Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Coffin ◽  
Rita Alaggio ◽  
Louis P. Dehner
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Pathologic Staging ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents are an important group of neoplasms, pseudoneoplasms, and tumefactive malformations with some distinctive clinicopathologic, genetic, syndromic, and therapeutic implications. In addition to the basic pathologic examination, there is the availability of diagnostic adjuncts in various settings based upon the histopathologic features that facilitate and/or corroborate a diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and an ever-increasing array of new technologies are available to address specific diagnostic questions and even potential therapeutic strategies. This review focuses upon some of the unique aspects of soft tissue tumors in children, including the classification, approach to the diagnosis, grading, clinical and pathologic staging, therapy-related changes, pathogenesis, and risk factors.

Awareness of intramuscular capillary type hemangioma in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2252-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Fernandez-Pineda ◽  
J. J. Jenkins ◽  
T. C. Santiago ◽  
H. J. Prajapati ◽  
A. S. Pappo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Capillary Type

scholarly journals Myolipoma of Mesentery: A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Sung Kim ◽  
Suk Kim ◽  
Kyungbin Kim ◽  
Kyung Un Choi ◽  
Joo Youn Kim
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Mature Adipose Tissue ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Deep Location

Myolipomas are very rare benign lipomatous soft tissue tumors which are usually located in retroperitoneum, abdominal and pelvic cavity, and the abdominal wall. They can be diagnosed histologically by the presence of irregularly admixed mature adipose tissue and smooth muscle fibers. The correct diagnosis of myolipoma is important, because it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fat-containing lesions of the soft tissue and should follow a benign clinical course despite its frequently large size and deep location. We report here a case of myolipoma arising in the mesentery of the jejunum.

scholarly journals Detection of MDM2 amplification by shallow whole genome sequencing of cell-free DNA of patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262272
Author(s):  
Joanna Przybyl ◽  
Lien Spans ◽  
Kristen Ganjoo ◽  
Nam Bui ◽  
David Mohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Retroperitoneal Tumors

High-level amplification of MDM2 and other genes in the 12q13–15 locus is a hallmark genetic feature of well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS and DDLPS, respectively). Detection of this genomic aberration in plasma cell-free DNA may be a clinically useful assay for non-invasive distinction between these liposarcomas and other retroperitoneal tumors in differential diagnosis, and might be useful for the early detection of disease recurrence. In this study, we performed shallow whole genome sequencing of cell-free DNA extracted from 10 plasma samples from 3 patients with DDLPS and 1 patient with WDLPS. In addition, we studied 31 plasma samples from 11 patients with other types of soft tissue tumors. We detected MDM2 amplification in cell-free DNA of 2 of 3 patients with DDLPS. By applying a genome-wide approach to the analysis of cell-free DNA, we also detected amplification of other genes that are known to be recurrently affected in DDLPS. Based on the analysis of one patient with DDLPS with longitudinal plasma samples available, we show that tracking MDM2 amplification in cell-free DNA may be potentially useful for evaluation of response to treatment. The patient with WDLPS and patients with other soft tissue tumors in differential diagnosis were negative for the MDM2 amplification in cell-free DNA. In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of detecting amplification of MDM2 and other DDLPS-associated genes in plasma cell-free DNA using technology that is already routinely applied for other clinical indications. Our results may have clinical implications for improved diagnosis and surveillance of patients with retroperitoneal tumors.

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