Safe use of the icteric index as possible diagnostic algorithm in the determination of bilirubin

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Roccaforte ◽  
Massimo Daves ◽  
Elvira Inglese ◽  
Vanessa Proserpio ◽  
Flavia Sciarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Icteric Index

Biomarkers for mitochondrial energy metabolism diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Boenzi ◽  
Daria Diodato
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism ◽  
Lactate And Pyruvate ◽  
Urine Organic Acids

Biomarkers are an indicator of biologic or pathogenic processes, whose function is indicating the presence/absence of disease or monitoring disease course and its response to treatment. Since mitochondrial disorders (MDs) can represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians, due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the identification of easily measurable biomarkers becomes a high priority. Given the complexity of MD, in particular the primary mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) diseases due to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction, a reliable single biomarker, relevant for the whole disease group, could be extremely difficult to find, most of times leading the physicians to better consider a ‘biosignature’ for the diagnosis, rather than a single biochemical marker. Serum biomarkers like lactate and pyruvate are largely determined in the diagnostic algorithm of MD, but they are not specific to this group of disorders. The concomitant determination of creatine (Cr), plasma amino acids, and urine organic acids might be helpful to reinforce the biosignature in some cases. In recent studies, serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (sFGF21) and serum growth differentiation factor 15 (sGDF15) appear to be promising molecules in identifying MD. Moreover, new different approaches have been developed to discover new MD biomarkers. This work discusses the most important biomarkers currently used in the diagnosis of MRC diseases, and some approaches under evaluation, discussing both their utility and weaknesses.

scholarly journals Validation and Implementation of a Diagnostic Algorithm for DNA Detection ofBordetella pertussis,B. parapertussis, andB. holmesiiin a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Barcelona, Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Valero-Rello ◽  
Desiree Henares ◽  
Lesly Acosta ◽  
Mireia Jane ◽  
Iolanda Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Analytical Validation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Ofbordetella Pertussis ◽  
Lower Limits

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to validate a comprehensive diagnostic protocol based on real-time PCR for the rapid detection and identification ofBordetella pertussis,Bordetella parapertussis, andBordetella holmesii, as well as its implementation in the diagnostic routine of a reference children’s hospital. The new algorithm included a triplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting IS481gene (inB. pertussis,B. holmesii, and someBordetella bronchisepticastrains), pIS1001(B. parapertussis-specific) andrnaseP as the human internal control. Two confirmatory singleplex tests forB. pertussis(ptxA-Pr) andB. holmesii(hIS1001) were performed if IS481was positive. Analytical validation included determination of linear range, linearity, efficiency, precision, sensitivity, and a reference panel with clinical samples. Once validated, the new algorithm was prospectively implemented in children with clinical suspicion of whooping cough presenting to Hospital Sant Joan de Deu (Barcelona, Spain) over 12 months. Lower limits of detection obtained were 4.4, 13.9, and 27.3 genomic equivalents/ml of sample for IS481(onB. pertussis), pIS1001and hIS1001, and 777.9 forptxA-Pr. qPCR efficiencies ranged from 86.0% to 96.9%. Intra- and interassay variabilities were <3% and <5%, respectively. Among 566 samples analyzed,B. pertussis,B. holmesii, andB. parapertussiswere detected in 11.1%, 0.9% (only in females >4 years old), and 0.2% of samples, respectively. The new algorithm proved to be a useful microbiological diagnostic tool for whooping cough, demonstrating a low rate of other non-pertussisBordetellaspecies in our surveilled area.

scholarly journals Ultrasound steatometry in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pilot results

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Darya Yu. Venidiktova ◽  
Alexey V. Borsukov ◽  
Anna V. Alipenkova ◽  
Alina V. Eremkina ◽  
Anton O. Tagil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the ultrasound steatometry technique in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Materials and methods. 68 patients aged 19–62 years (median age 40.5 years) were examined, 30 men (44.1%) and 38 women (55.9%), who underwent a single diagnostic algorithm of 7 (8) stages: questioning, clinical examination, noninvasive bioimpedance, biochemical blood test, liver ultrasound in B-mode, determination of hepatorenal index, ultrasound steatometry, liver biopsy. Results. In 4 patients (5.88%), a remote clinical picture of the metabolic syndrome, fatty liver infiltration was diagnosed. Signs of steatohepatitis were present in 19 (27.9%) patients, signs of cirrhosis — in 2 (2.9%). The sensitivity and specificity were 60.3% and 72.6%, respectively, for the B-mode, 44.3% and 51.9%, respectively, for the ultrasound measurement of the hepatorenal index, 90.6% and 92.2%, respectively, for ultrasonic steatometry. Conclusion. Ultrasound steatometry is an informative method for screening of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Correlation (r) of the ultrasound diagnosis of steatosis with biopsy at the stage S0 corresponds to 0.81, at the stage S1 — to 0.68, at the stage S2 — to 0.74, at the stage S3 — to 0.88, that indicates a high information value of this method.

scholarly journals Bronchiectasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
A G Chuchalin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Associated Diseases

The paper presents information on possible approaches to the classification, pathogenesis, and determination of the etiological causes of bronchiectasis. It discusses a group of bronchiectasis-associated diseases. It gives a detailed diagnostic algorithm aimed to establish the etiology of bronchiectasis and the markers of the efficiency of different treatment options. Much attention is paid to genetically predetermined bronchiectasis. Universal approaches to treating patients with bronchiectasis as a whole, as well as treatments for certain entities of bronchiectasis are discussed.

CT of pelviabdominal masses in pediatrics: Diagnostic algorithm

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Osama Mohamed Awwad ◽  
Hanan Eissa Ahmed ◽  
Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Abdominal Masses ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Abstract Background Pelviabdominal masses are common in children. It can be a leadig cause of considerable morbidity and mortality. Objective To review the different pelviabdominal masses and their diagnostic criteria using the multidetector CT scans in order to build an approach for diagnosis. Methods A retrospective study, conducted at Ain Shams University hospitals on children complaining of pelviabdominal masses, the patients were investigated using CT scans in the period between June 2018 till end of May 2019. Results pelviabdominal CT scan of 70 patients were reviewed. Their age ranged from 7 days to 18 years old, the mean was 8 years of age (SD ± 5.5). 31 male : 39 female. Abdominal masses of pediatrics were congenital ( 9 case), neoplastic ( 20 cases), inflammatory ( 23 casaes) and post traumatic in origin (3 cases). The most common congenital masses were PUJO, neoplastic were neuroblastomas, inflammatory were abscess. Diagnostic approach should start with determination of the organ of origin followed by determination of its morphology and pattern of contrast enhancement. The kidney was found to be the most common organ of origin in 25.7% of cases followed by the adenxa. Conclusion the organ of origin and morphology of the lesion are key imaging features that will help the radiologist reach a definitive diagnosis or deliver a possible differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Management of patients with herpes-associated recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
A. V. Kovaleva ◽  
E. V. Kovalev ◽  
I. M. Arestova
Keyword(s):  
Preconception Care ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Relapse Rates

Objective. To develop a diagnostic algorithm, a rational method of treatment, and principles of preconception care in women with herpes-associated recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC).Materials and methods. We examined 68 patients with herpes-associated RVVC and 20 gynecologically healthy women.Results. It has been found that in RVVC it is necessary to study vaginal swab culture with the determination of the microorganism and its biofilm-forming ability in combination with viral DNA detection by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vaginal secretion, determination of the IgG titer to the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the avidity index to HSV I and II. In the presence of laboratory-confirmed RVVC and HSV infection, it is necessary to assume the presence of an atypical course of HSV infection followed by complex antiviral and antimycotic therapy.Conclusion. The use of the developed algorithm of diagnostic and treatment interventions as preconception care makes it possible to address symptoms, reduce relapse rates and extend a non-relapse interval, prepare women with the mixed-infection for favorable pregnancy outcomes.  

scholarly journals Cytokines in Preterm Delivery: Proposal of a New Diagnostic Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Raba ◽  
Jacek Tabarkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Classification And Regression ◽  
Clinically Significant

Predicting preterm delivery within 7 days is very important for the proper timing of glucocorticosteroid administration. If within 7 days after glucocorticosteroid administration, the delivery does not occur, it remains questionable if repeated glucocorticosteroid therapy results in improved infant respiratory function. Therefore, differentiation of preterm delivery from false preterm delivery is clinically significant. The aim of this study was to create a diagnostic algorithm to distinguish preterm delivery from false preterm delivery on the basis of concentrations of selected cytokines. The study group (n=622) were patients hospitalized due to threatened preterm delivery. To assess the concentration of cytokines in the serum, we used a multiplex method, which allows simultaneous determination of 13 cytokines. The sets consist of the following cytokines: IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, BDNF, L-Selectin, E-Selectin, ICAM-1, PECAM, VCAM-1, MIP-1d, MIP-3b, Eotaxin-1, Eotaxin-2, and BLC. In the study group, 67.8% patients had preterm delivery and 32.2% had false preterm delivery. Based on the analysis of cytokine concentrations, a classification tree to distinguish between preterm delivery and false preterm delivery was created. Our findings show the possibility of prediction of preterm delivery with the use of a classification and regression tree of selected cytokine concentration.

Implementation of an internal quality control programme for the photometric determination of icteric index

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 851-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Aloisio ◽  
Assunta Carnevale ◽  
Sara Pasqualetti ◽  
Sarah Birindelli ◽  
Alberto Dolci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Photometric Determination ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Internal Quality Control ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Icteric Index ◽  
Quality Control Programme

Determination of the Icteric Index by the Acetone Method

1938 ◽  
Vol 8 (ts2_3) ◽  
pp. 108-108
Author(s):  
Robert A. Newburger
Keyword(s):  
Icteric Index

scholarly journals Determining hemodynamic significance of patent ductus arteriosus using echocardiographic data prognostic tables

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
D.A. Kulikova ◽  
I.N. Safonova ◽  
L.I. Chumak ◽  
I.N. Poddubnaya ◽  
O.S. Protsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Defects ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Further Development

The paper presents an analysis of echocardiographic data of patients with PDA having different hemodynamic significance. Presently, the concept of “degree of hemodynamic significance” remains controversial. Criteria for determining the hemodynamic significance of PDA in term infants are not described. In our work, we used a classification of three degrees of hemodynamic significance: non-hemodynamically significant PDA – insignificant, moderately hemodynamically significant – moderately significant and large PDA – hemodynamically significant PDA. Aim – to work out an algorithm for determining the degree of PDA hemodynamic significance for prediction of its further development. The study involved children under 18 years old (80% of them ‒ children under 3 years old) who were examined in the cardiac surgery department of the SI “IGUS n.a.V.T. Zaytsev NAMS of Ukraine” during 2013-2017 yy. Gestational age (from 37 weeks), the presence of left to right PDA shunt, absence of a ASD shunt and other congenital heart defects served as enrollment criteria for the trial. Two prognostic tables were formed with the main criteria for determining hemodynamic significance of PDA by the sum of the signs according to gradations (insignificant, moderately significant and hemodynamically significant) as an outcome of the trial. Based on the determination of the main and additional criteria of hemodynamic significance and the strength of their influence, a diagnostic algorithm is formed for a patient with PDA with the possibility of predicting a further clinical scenario. For determination of hemodynamic significance, an increase in pulmonary gradient with an information index of 1.135 and a prognostic factor of +5.90/-1.75 were dominant, while the left ventricular dilatation located from the A4C with an informational index of 1.020 and a prognostic coefficient of +3.69/-2.50 dominated in determining the degree of hemodynamic significance in the presence of secondary changes. The proposed mechanism for determining the level of hemodynamic significance of PDA for children with borderline changes will predict more precisely the development of the disease, determine the patient’s observation tactics and regulate the decision-making process of surgical intervention.

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