scholarly journals A Comparative Study of various Indices for extraction urban impervious surface of Landsat 8 OLI

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Iswari Nur Hidayati ◽  
R Suharyadi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Landsat 8 Oli ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

Impervious surface is one of the major land cover types of urban and suburban environment. Conversion of rural landscapes and vegetation area to urban and suburban land use is directly related to the increase of the impervious surface area. The impervious surface expansion is straight-lined with decreasing green spaces in urban areas. Impervious surface is one of indicator for detecting urban heat islands. This study compares various indices for mapping impervious surfaces using Landsat 8 OLI imagery by optimizing the different spectral characteristics of Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The research objectives are (1) to apply various indices for impervious surface mapping and (2) identifies impervious surfaces in urban areas based on multiple indices and provide recommendations and find the best index for mapping impervious surface in urban areas. In addition to utilizing the index, land use supervised classification method, maximum likelihood classification used for extracting built-up, and non-built-up areas. Accuracy assessment of this research used field data collection as primary data for calculating kappa coefficient, producer accuracy, and user accuracy. The study can also be extended to find the land surface temperature and correlate the impervious surface extraction data with urban heat islands.

scholarly journals A spatially-explicit approach to simulate urban heat islands in complex urban landscapes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martí Bosch ◽  
Maxence Locatelli ◽  
Perrine Hamel ◽  
Roy P. Remme ◽  
Jérôme Chenal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Cooling Model

Abstract. Mitigating urban heat islands has become an important objective for many cities experiencing heat waves. Despite notable progress, the spatial relationship between land use/land cover patterns and the distribution of air temperature remains poorly understood. This article presents a reusable computational workflow to simulate the spatial distribution of air temperature in urban areas from their land use/land cover data. The approach employs the InVEST urban cooling model, which estimates the cooling capacity of the urban fabric based on three biophysical mechanisms, i.e., tree shade, evapotranspiration and albedo. An automated procedure is proposed to calibrate the parameters of the model to best fit air temperature observations from monitoring stations. In a case study in Lausanne, Switzerland, spatial estimates of air temperature obtained with the calibrated model show that the urban cooling model outperforms spatial regressions based on satellite data. This represents two major advances in urban heat island modeling. First, unlike in black-box approaches, the calibrated parameters of the urban cooling model can be interpreted in terms of the physical mechanisms that they represent and can therefore help understanding how urban heat islands emerge in a particular context. Second, the urban cooling model requires only land use/land cover and reference temperature data and can therefore be used to evaluate synthetic scenarios such as master plans, urbanization prospects, and climate scenarios. The proposed approach provides valuable insights into the emergence of urban heat islands which can serve to inform urban planning and assist the design of heat mitigation policies.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of Land-Use Types in Surface Urban Heat Islands for Developing Comfortable Living in Hanoi City

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Hoan ◽  
Yuei-An Liou ◽  
Kim-Anh Nguyen ◽  
Ram Sharma ◽  
Duy-Phien Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual

Hanoi City of Vietnam changes quickly, especially after its state implemented its Master Plan 2030 for the city’s sustainable development in 2011. Then, a number of environmental issues are brought up in response to the master plan’s implementation. Among the issues, the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect that tends to cause negative impacts on people’s heath becomes one major problem for exploitation to seek for mitigation solutions. In this paper, we investigate the land surface thermal signatures among different land-use types in Hanoi. The surface UHI (SUHI) that characterizes the consequences of the UHI effect is also studied and quantified. Note that our SUHI is defined as the magnitude of temperature differentials between any two land-use types (a more general way than that typically proposed in the literature), including urban and suburban. Relationships between main land-use types in terms of composition, percentage coverage, surface temperature, and SUHI in inner Hanoi in the recent two years 2016 and 2017, were proposed and examined. High correlations were found between the percentage coverage of the land-use types and the land surface temperature (LST). Then, a regression model for estimating the intensity of SUHI from the Landsat 8 imagery was derived, through analyzing the correlation between land-use composition and LST for the year 2017. The model was validated successfully for the prediction of the SUHI for another hot day in 2016. For example, the transformation of a chosen area of 161 ha (1.61 km2) from vegetation to built-up between two years, 2016 and 2017, can result in enhanced thermal contrast by 3.3 °C. The function of the vegetation to lower the LST in a hot environment is evident. The results of this study suggest that the newly developed model provides an opportunity for urban planners and designers to develop measures for adjusting the LST, and for mitigating the consequent effects of UHIs by managing the land use composition and percentage coverage of the individual land-use type.

scholarly journals The Impacts of the Expansion of Urban Impervious Surfaces on Urban Heat Islands in a Coastal City in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhong Hua ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Qin Nie ◽  
Fengqin Sun ◽  
Lina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Impervious Surface Area ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Urban Impervious Surfaces

The effect of the expansion of urban impervious surfaces on surface urban heat islands (UHIs) has attracted research attention due to its relevance for studies of local climatic change and habitat comfort. In this study, using five satellite images of Xiamen city, Southeast China (four images from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and one from the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI/TIRS)) acquired in summer between 1989 and 2016, together with spatial statistical methods, the changes in impervious surface area (ISA) were investigated, the spatiotemporal variation of the intensity of urban heat islands (UHIs) was explored, and the relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and the percentage of impervious surface area (ISA%), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and fractional vegetation coverage (Fv) were investigated. The results showed the following: (1) According to the biophysical composition index (BCI) combined with an ISA post-processing method, Xiamen has witnessed a substantial increase in ISA, showing a 6.1-fold increase from 1989 to 2016. The direction of ISA expansion was consistent throughout the study period in each of the five districts of Xiamen; (2) a bay-like UHI form is observed in the study area, which is remarkably distinct from the central-radial UHI form observed in previous studies of other cities; (3) the extent of UHIs in Xiamen greatly increased between 1989 and 2016, experiencing a 4.7-fold increase in UHI areas during this time. However, during the same period, the urban heat island ratio index (URI)—that is, the ratio of UHI area to ISA—decreased slightly. The UHI area decreased in some urban parts of Xiamen due to a significant increase in vegetation coverage, urban village redevelopment, and the construction of new parks; (4) sea ports and heavy industrial zones are the greatest contributor to surface UHI, followed by urban villages; and (5) LST is strongly positively correlated with ISA%. Each 10% increase in ISA was associated with an increase in summer LST of 0.41 to 0.91 K, which compares well with the results of related studies. This study presents valuable information for the development of regional urban planning strategies to mitigate the effects of UHIs during rapid urbanization.

scholarly journals A spatially explicit approach to simulate urban heat mitigation with InVEST (v3.8.0)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 3521-3537
Author(s):  
Martí Bosch ◽  
Maxence Locatelli ◽  
Perrine Hamel ◽  
Roy P. Remme ◽  
Jérôme Chenal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Cooling Model

Abstract. Mitigating urban heat islands has become an important objective for many cities experiencing heat waves. Despite notable progress, the spatial relationship between land use and/or land cover patterns and the distribution of air temperature remains poorly understood. This article presents a reusable computational workflow to simulate the spatial distribution of air temperature in urban areas from their land use and/or land cover data. The approach employs the InVEST urban cooling model, which estimates the cooling capacity of the urban fabric based on three biophysical mechanisms: tree shade, evapotranspiration and albedo. An automated procedure is proposed to calibrate the parameters of the model to best fit air temperature observations from monitoring stations. In a case study in Lausanne, Switzerland, spatial estimates of air temperature obtained with the calibrated model show that the urban cooling model outperforms spatial regressions based on satellite data. This represents two major advances in urban heat island modeling. First, unlike in black-box approaches, the calibrated parameters of the urban cooling model can be interpreted in terms of the physical mechanisms that they represent; therefore, they can help promote an understanding of how urban heat islands emerge in a particular context. Second, the urban cooling model requires only land use and/or land cover and reference temperature data and can, therefore, be used to evaluate synthetic scenarios such as master plans, urbanization prospects and climate scenarios. The proposed approach provides valuable insights into the emergence of urban heat islands which can serve to inform urban planning and assist the design of heat mitigation policies.

scholarly journals A Novel Index for Impervious Surface Area Mapping: Development and Validation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugang Tian ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Qingju Song ◽  
Kun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Hydrological Cycles

The distribution and dynamic changes in impervious surface areas (ISAs) are crucial to understanding urbanization and its impact on urban heat islands, earth surface energy balance, hydrological cycles, and biodiversity. Remotely sensed data play an essential role in ISA mapping, and numerous methods have been developed and successfully applied for ISA extraction. However, the heterogeneity of ISA spectra and the high similarity of the spectra between ISA and soil have not been effectively addressed. In this study, we selected data from the US Geological Survey (USGS) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) spectral libraries as samples and used blue and near-infrared bands as characteristic bands based on spectral analysis to propose a novel index, the perpendicular impervious surface index (PISI). Landsat 8 operational land imager data in four provincial capital cities of China (Wuhan, Shenyang, Guangzhou, and Xining) were selected as test data to examine the performance of the proposed PISI in four different environments. Threshold analysis results show that there is a significant positive correlation between PISI and the proportion of ISA, and threshold can be adjusted according to different needs with different accuracy. Furthermore, comparative analyses, which involved separability analysis and extraction precision analysis, were conducted among PISI, biophysical composition index (BCI), and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). Results indicate that PISI is more accurate and has better separability for ISA and soil as well as ISA and vegetation in the ISA extraction than the BCI and NDBI under different conditions. The accuracy of PISI in the four cities is 94.13%, 96.50%, 89.51%, and 93.46% respectively, while BCI and NDBI showed accuracy of 77.53%, 93.49%, 78.02%, and 84.03% and 58.25%, 57.53%, 77.77%, and 64.83%, respectively. In general, the proposed PISI is a convenient index to extract ISA with higher accuracy and better separability for ISA and soil as well as ISA and vegetation. Meanwhile, as PISI only uses blue and near-infrared bands, it can be used in a wider variety of remote sensing images.

MONITORING THERMAL POLLUTION SOURCES IN VORONEZH (RUSSIA) USING REMOTE SENSING DATA

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Владимирович Сарычев ◽  
Ирина Владимировна Попова ◽  
Семен Александрович Куролап
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Land Surface Temperatures ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Industrial Zones

Рассмотрены вопросы мониторинга теплового загрязнения окружающей среды в городах. Представлена методика отбора спектрозональных спутниковых снимков, их обработки и интерпретации полученных результатов. Для оценки городского острова тепла были использованы снимки с космического аппарата Landsat 8 TIRS. На их основе построены карты пространственной структуры острова тепла города Воронежа за летний и зимний периоды. Определены тепловые аномалии и выявлено 11 основных техногенных источников теплового загрязнения в г. Воронеже, установлена их принадлежность к промышленным зонам предприятий, а также к очистным гидротехническим сооружениям. Поверхностные температуры данных источников в среднем были выше фоновых температур приблизительно на 6° зимой и на 15,5° С летом. Синхронно со спутниковой съемкой были проведены наземные контрольные тепловизионные измерения температур основных подстилающих поверхностей в г. Воронеже. Полученные данные показали высокую сходимость космических и наземных измерений, на основании чего сделан вывод о надежности используемых данных дистанционного зондирования Земли в мониторинговых наблюдениях теплового загрязнения городской среды. Результаты работ могут найти применение в городском планировании и медицинской экологии. The study deals with the remote sensing and monitoring of urban heat islands. We present a methodology of multispectral satellite imagery selection and processing. The study bases on the freely available Landsat 8 TIRS data. We used multitemporal thermal band combinations to make maps of the urban heat island of Voronezh (Russia) during summer and winter periods. That let us identify 11 artificial sources of heat in Voronezh. All of them turned out to be allocated within industrial zones of plants and water treatment facilities. Land surface temperatures (LST) of these sources were approximately 6° and 15.5° C above the background temperatures in winter and summer, respectively. To prove the remotely sensed temperatures we conducted ground control measurements of LST of different surface types at the satellite revisit moments. Our results showed a significant correlation between the satellite and ground-based measurements, so the maps we produced in this study should be robust. They are of use in urban planning and medical ecology studies.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Hourly Variation of Urban Heat Islands in a Snowy Climate City during Summer

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaobin Yang ◽  
Ranghu Wang ◽  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
Caoxiang Ji ◽  
Xie Fu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

Temporal variation of urban heat island (UHI) intensity is one of the most important themes in UHI studies. However, fine-scale temporal variability of UHI with explicit spatial information is sparse in the literature. Based on the hourly air temperature from 195 meteorological stations during August 2015 in Changchun, China, hourly spatiotemporal patterns of UHI were mapped to explore the temporal variability and the effects of land use on the thermal environment using time series analysis, air temperature profiling, and spatial analysis. The results showed that: (1) high air temperature does not indicate strong UHI intensity. The nighttime UHI intensity (1.51 °C) was much stronger than that in the daytime (0.49 °C). (2) The urban area was the hottest during most of the day except the period from late morning to around 13:00 when there was about a 40% possibility for an “inverse UHI intensity” to appear. Paddy land was the coolest in the daytime, while woodland had the lowest temperature during the nighttime. (3) The rural area had higher warming and cooling rates than the urban area after sunrise and sunset. It appeared that 23 °C was the threshold at which the thermal characteristics of different land use types changed significantly.

Estimating the expansion of urban areas and urban heat islands (UHI) in Ghana: a case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Buo ◽  
Valentina Sagris ◽  
Iuliia Burdun ◽  
Evelyn Uuemaa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

scholarly journals Effect of Land Cover Fractions on Changes in Surface Urban Heat Islands Using Landsat Time-Series Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Anchang Sun ◽  
Ruiqing Niu
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat Island Intensity ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surface Urban Heat Island

Man-made materials now cover a dominant proportion of urban areas, and such conditions not only change the absorption of solar radiation, but also the allocation of the solar radiation and cause the surface urban heat island effect, which is considered a serious problem associated with the deterioration of urban environments. Although numerous studies have been performed on surface urban heat islands, only a few have focused on the effect of land cover changes on surface urban heat islands over a long time period. Using six Landsat image scenes of the Metropolitan Development Area of Wuhan, our experiment (1) applied a mapping method for normalized land surface temperatures with three land cover fractions, which were impervious surfaces, non-chlorophyllous vegetation and soil and vegetation fractions, and (2) performed a fitting analysis of fierce change areas in the surface urban heat island intensity based on a time trajectory. Thematic thermal maps were drawn to analyze the distribution of and variations in the surface urban heat island in the study area. A Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis was used to extract the land cover fraction information. Then, six ternary triangle contour graphics were drawn based on the land surface temperature and land cover fraction information. A time trajectory was created to summarize the changing characteristics of the surface urban heat island intensity. A fitting analysis was conducted for areas showing fierce changes in the urban heat intensity. Our results revealed that impervious surfaces had the largest impacts on surface urban heat island intensity, followed by the non-chlorophyllous vegetation and soil fraction. Moreover, the results indicated that the vegetation fraction can alleviate the occurrence of surface urban heat islands. These results reveal the impact of the land cover fractions on surface urban heat islands. Urban expansion generates impervious artificial objects that replace pervious natural objects, which causes an increase in land surface temperature and results in a surface urban heat island.

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