The Ilian Tyrant-Killing Law

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Teegarden
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law

This chapter focuses on the Ilian tyrant-killing law. The law is long and complex, its extant portions alone contain roughly twice the number of words as the Eretrian tyrant-killing law and 4.5 times as many words as the law of Eukrates (Ilion: 1,078; Eretria: 534; Eukrates: 227). This chapter first examines the provisions in order to ensure that we know what the Ilian pro-democrats actually promulgated. The second section presents the law's likely historical context. It considers both the circumstances within which the law was promulgated and the nature of tyrannical threat that confronted the Ilians at that time. The third and final section determines whether or not the law was effective.

The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea

1976 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabtai Rosenne
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Special Rapporteur ◽  
Priority List ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
High Seas

This article is divided into four parts. The first aims to place the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea in its historical context. The second describes some aspects of the first three sessions of that Conference (1973–1975). In the third an account of major specific interests and conflicts which have appeared in this Conference is given. Finally, some tentative conclusions are drawn—tentative, because the Conference has not yet completed its labours.During its first session (1949) the newly established International Law Commission, set up by the General Assembly in accordance with the provision of Article 13 of the Charter relating to the codification and progressive development of international law, included the topics of the régime of the high seas and the régime of territorial waters in its provisional list of fourteen topics selected for codification. It placed the régime of the high seas on its priority list, and appointed Professor J.P.A. François (The Netherlands) as special rapporteur. At the recommendation of the General Assembly in resolution 374 (IV) of 6 December 1949 the Commission in 1950 included the régime of territorial waters on its priority list, and in 1951 it initiated work on that topic, for which Professor François was also designated special rapporteur. The Commission was heavily occupied with both these topics until 1956.

scholarly journals Development of Comparative Law in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria

2006 ◽  
pp. 68-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Schwenzer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War

This article provides an overview both of the development of comparative law as a field of research, and of its impact on legal changes in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. It focuses on the development of comparative law in the field of the law of obligations. The second section deals with the long nineteenth century. The third section considers the golden age of comparative law, which covers the period of the Weimar Republic. The fourth section discusses the ‘dark age’ of the 1930s and the first half of the 1940s. The fifth section describes recovery and post-war developments until the end of the cold war. The final section focuses on attempts to unify the law and on new approaches to comparative law which have gained in importance in the course of the Europeanization of private law.

scholarly journals Faith as a Proper Answer in Crisis

Kairos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Mihai Handaric
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Basic Principle ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Gospel Message ◽  
Proper Response

This article addresses the problem of preserving the faith in God while discouraging circumstances, based on the first part of Habakkuk’s prophecy. The message of the book teaches us how to benefit from our faith by presenting the process through which the prophet overcomes the confusion around him, even in God’s acting for his people. In the introduction, it is argued that faith is a basic principle of life, which can be questioned because of difficult circumstances. The first part of the article discusses why Habakkuk’s prophecy can be understood as a “burden,” and the second part presents the historical context of the book of Habakkuk. The third section discusses the internal and external crisis in Judah and the fourth section analyses the prophet’s reaction against the Babylonian crisis. The fifth section described the faith as a proper response to the crisis (2:1-4) while the final section discusses implications of Habakkuk 2:4 for the teaching of the New Testament. In general, we can see that in the first part of Habakkuk (1:1-2:4) the prophet questions the validity of his faith in God, because of the apparent long divine silence about injustice in Judah (1:2-4). Then, he was unhappy with God’s answer, who decided to send a new crisis to solve the first crisis (1:5-6). After the prophet’s complaint (1:7-2:1), God advises him and his people to trust His solution in overcoming the crisis (2:2-4). The insights from the message of Habakkuk analyzed in this article, may help the reader to preserve authentic faith in a time of crisis. Also, that pattern of living by faith from this Old Testament book is taken over by the New Testament authors so that Habakkuk’s expression “the righteous live by their faith” (2:4), is quoted as a key statement for the Gospel message of salvation (Rom. 1:17; Gal. 3:11; Heb. 10:38). But not only that, this statement defines the proper behavior of people in expecting the divine solution of salvation in the time of crisis.

scholarly journals Researching the Social Value of the Intellectual Commons: Methodology and Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Antonios Broumas
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Intellectual Commons

The purpose of this chapter is to outline the methodology of the author’s research that aims to identify the contemporary manifestations of commonification in the circulation of social value and, thus, grasp the actual formations of the intellectual commons, both offline and online, in the current socio-historical context. This research decrypts the generation, circulation, pooling together and redistribution of social value observed in the intellectual commons communities of the research sample, with the aim of showing the importance of the intellectual commons for social reproduction. This chapter sets out the methodological bases and the design of the research in three sections. The first of these spells out the methodological orientation of the research. The second unveils the design of the research. The third describes the coding process followed in relation to data collected from eight Greek intellectual commons communities, which constitute the sample of the current research. Overall, this chapter lays down the methodological foundations of the research and the framework to used elicit the research findings and conclusions exhibited in the following chapters and thus supports its overall normative argumentation that the intellectual commons have significant moral value, which justifies their independent protection and promotion by the law.

The Debate about the Rechtsstaat in Nazi Germany, 1933–1936

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Meierhenrich
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Third Reich

This chapter provides the legal and historical context necessary for appreciating the contribution of Fraenkel’s ethnography of Nazi law. I begin with a brief history of the idea of the Rechtsstaat in Germany. I trace the term’s evolution from its emergence in the early nineteenth century until 1933. In the second section I overview the most important Nazi critiques of the liberal Rechtsstaat, with a particular focus on the theoretical study of public law. The focus is on the major intellectual faultlines in the legal subfield of Staatsrechtslehre, from which Jewish protagonists were purged. In the third section, I focus on intellectual efforts inside the Nazi academy to “racialize” the Rechtsstaat, to bring it in line with the racial imaginary. The final section explains why, and when, the concept of Rechtsstaat was abandoned by legal theorists in the “Third Reich,” and the consequences for the practice of law.

The Decision of a Legal Dilemma

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Jeutner
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Ought Implies Can ◽  
International Courts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proposal A ◽  
The Law

The third part addresses the third research question; namely by whom and how should a legal dilemma be decided? The first section focusses mainly on the introduction and description of the three elements of the book’s proposal: a dilemmatic declaration, a sovereign decision, and the acceptance of responsibility for any decision taken. The second and third section then defend the proposal against various objections. First, various theoretical objections relating to the law of non-contradiction, the ‘ought implies can’ maxim, and the monopoly of violence will be considered. Subsequently, the final section of this third part considers more practical concerns related to the jurisdiction of international courts, sovereign decisionism, and the potential unfairness of the proposed method for addressing dilemmatic circumstances.

scholarly journals Development of Comparative Law in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-86
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Schwenzer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War

This article provides an overview both of the development of comparative law as a field of research, and of its impact on legal changes in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. It focuses on the development of comparative law in the field of the law of obligations. The second section deals with the long nineteenth century. The third section considers the golden age of comparative law, which covers the period of the Weimar Republic. The fourth section discusses the ‘dark age’ of the 1930s and the first half of the 1940s. The fifth section describes recovery and post-war developments until the end of the cold war. The final section focuses on attempts to unify the law and on new approaches to comparative law which have gained in importance in the course of the Europeanization of private law.

scholarly journals Surgical Arbitration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-460
Author(s):  
David Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Local Churches ◽  
Presbyterian Church ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
Method Analysis

This Comment proposes adding contractual stipulations that result from the surgical arbitration of two questions to the neutral-principles-of-law method analysis. Outsourcing the question: “Did the national denomination substantially and unforeseeably change its doctrine?” to arbitration, allows the underlying cause of the hierarchical religious property dispute to be weighed by a court without compromising that court’s religious neutrality. This Comment will explore this issue primarily in the context of the Presbyterian Church’s (U.S.A.) (“PC(USA)”) affiliation with local churches in Texas that recently attempted to disassociate from the national denomination. The first Section of this Comment will briefly examine the historical context surrounding the founding of the Nation and of the Presbyterian Church. The second Section will examine the development of the law regarding hierarchical church property disputes. Finally, the third Section will examine proposed alternatives to the current method of adjudicating hierarchical church property disputes and conclude by advancing the surgical arbitration proposal.

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document