Models and Reflexivity
This chapter considers what the distinctive advantages of using economic formulas on a trading floor are. It introduces Max, a senior trader at the merger arbitrage desk and a mathematically gifted trader. Max bet on whether announced mergers would actually be completed. More importantly, he was able to combine stock prices with economic models, plot them on a Bloomberg terminal, and estimate his rivals' expectations about a pending merger. He then used these inferred expectations to refine his own estimates of merger probability. This allowed him to test his own hypothesis against the rest of the market, question his assumptions, or ponder what he might be missing. Such possibilities reduced the risk of mistakes in Max's bets, allowing him to take larger positions and realize higher returns. The case of Max revealed what was truly new, different, and to some extent magical, about the use of models in trading.