Kornai, Schumpeter, and Economic Theory

2012 ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Maevsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The author claims that J. Kornai in his paper Innovation and Dynamism (Voprosy Ekonomiki. 2012. No 4) ignored the understanding of socialism as a specific type of culture and not just as an economic system. He also shows profound differences between Schumpeters theory and mainstream economic models. Evolutionary theory, he claims, may itself become mainstream if Schumpeters legacy is not interpreted straightforwardly and if evolutionary economists consider not only micro-, but also macro-level of analysis in studying macrogenerations of capital of a different age.

scholarly journals The crisis in economics – nature and ways to overcome it

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
A. D. Nekipelov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Pure Science ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Neoclassical Economic Theory ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Recent decades have witnessed an upsurge in multiple alternative approaches to unraveling major economic problems, together with the mainstream economic theory, which in this study has been considered an indicator of economic crisis. In this study, we attribute institutional stasis, as well as methodological heterogeneity of its two constituent sections, micro- and macroeconomics, to the primary drawbacks of neoclassical economic theory. Overcoming the crisis of economic science correlates with the creation of a general economic theory on the principles of “pure science,” with elucidated functions of various socioeconomic disciplines. If “pure economic theory” intends to form an intellectual layout of the economic system, then the “realistic sciences,” also including modern macroeconomics in this study, are tools for analyzing specific socioeconomic phenomena and processes. As people with consciousness and interests act in the society, this study postulates the existence of a certain zone of ambiguity, which cannot be entirely covered.

The principles of duality in the light of the system economic theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
George B. Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reproduction Cycle ◽  
Basic Concepts

This paper shows the diversity and significance of relations of duality among different economic systems. The composition of the principles underlying the system economic theory used for the analysis of duality in the economy is investigated. The concept of the economic system is clarified and the equivalence of three basic concepts of the economic system is shown: a) as a space-time volume (“black box”); b) as a complex of elements and connections among them; c) as a tetrad, including object, project, process and environment components. In a new way, the concept of the tetrad is revealed. The actual interpretation of the interrelationships of its components, based on the mechanisms of intersystem circulation of spatial and temporal resources and the transmission of abilities from one economic system to another, is proposed. On the basis of the obtained results, the most essential aspects of duality in the theory of economic systems are considered. It is shown that the interaction of internal content and the nearest external environment of economic systems lies in the nature of the relations of duality. A new approach to modeling the structure and to functioning of the economic system, based on the description of its activities in the form of two interconnected tetrads (the first tetrad reflects the intrasystem production cycle and the second one — the external realization-reproduction cycle) is put forward. It is shown that the concept of duality in a system economy creates prerequisites for adapting the functioning of local economic systems (objects, projects, etc.) in a market, administrative and functional environments and, as a result, harmonizing the economy as a whole.

The Innovators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Risman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gendered Expectations ◽  
Level Of Analysis

This chapter introduces the innovators and provides a portrait of them. The chapter analyzes these innovators at the individual, interactional, and macro level of the gender structure. The chapter begins at the individual level of analysis because these young people emphasize how they challenge gender by rejecting requirements to restrict their personal activities, goals, and personalities to femininity or masculinity. They refuse to live within gender stereotypes. These Millennials do not seem driven by their feminist ideological beliefs, although they do have them. Their worldviews are more taken for granted than central to their stories. Nor are they consistently challenging gender expectations for others, although they often ignore the gender expectations they face themselves. They innovate primarily in their personal lives, although they do reject gendered expectations at the interactional level and hold feminist ideological beliefs about gender equality.

First International Lvov Forum

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Svetlana L. Sazanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Face

The article is devoted to the analysis of the content and results of the First International Lvov Forum, dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician D. S. Lvov (1930–2007). The forum was held on October 20–21, 2020 at the State University of Management with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project No. 20-010-22058. Major Russian and foreign scientists, academicians and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, leading Russian universities, universities of the Czech Republic, France, Bulgaria and other countries took part in the First Lvov Forum. The Forum discussed fundamental problems of modern Russian and world economic science, including: the problem of the crisis of the paradigm of economic theory; the problem of the relationship between philosophical and economic knowledge; the need to form a new paradigm of economic science; the problem of interaction between society, state and business at the micro, meso and macro levels in the face of modern challenges; place and role of Russia in the world socio-economic system; development strategy of the Russian socio-economic system in the context of the new paradigm of economic science in the context of modern challenges. The discussion of the above fundamental problems was on the basis of a synthesis of the principle of dichotomy and a systematic approach. The First Lvov Forum took a significant place among such major Russian scientific events as the Gaidar Economic Forum, the Krasnoyarsk Economic Forum, the Moscow Economic Forum, etc. due to the relevance of the problems considered at the Forum, the novelty of the methods proposed for their solution. The ideas of Russian and foreign scientists presented at the Forum can be used for the further development of modern economic theory, as well as for the development of programs for the development of the Russian economy at the micro, meso and macro levels.

scholarly journals From Polytheism to Monotheism: Zoroaster and Some Economic Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Greco Roman

AbstractThe prophet Zoroaster founded the first monotheistic religion in history, which once rose to great imperial status and still survives unchanged today despite centuries of Muslim pressure. Unlike the founders of other monotheistic religions after him, he achieved this not through the overthrow of the original Iranian polytheism but through its deep reform—a strategy that made acceptance easier and ensured a continuing role for the priests. Monotheistic reform is thus a third way out of ancient Indo-European polytheism, besides extinction in the Greco-Roman case and mutation into sectarian theism in the Indian case. This paper surveys the Iranian story and offers two economic models to account for the two key factors that made the transition to monotheism possible: the theological structure and the role of the priesthood.

scholarly journals Toward an Ecological Monetary Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Ament
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Ecological Economics ◽  
Monetary Theory ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
A Value

Money is the most ubiquitous institution on the planet and lays the foundation for human civilization. As such it should underlie economic theory. Due to the dualized nature of Western culture, however, mainstream economic theory assumes that money is simply a value relation to make barter efficient. This theory is manifest in orthodox monetary theory and policy. Ecological economics understands the problems attendant to modern money but has heretofore not developed a theory of money of its own. In order to make its economic theory and policy prescriptions viable, this paper argues that ecological economics must develop a theory of money that is simultaneously rooted in an understanding of money’s socio-history, and an ontological reimagining of dualized Western culture.

scholarly journals The Elusive Rentier Rich

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linsey McGoey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Marginal Productivity ◽  
Neoclassical Economist ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Blind Spots

The popularity of Thomas Piketty’s research on wealth inequality has drawn attention to a curious question: why was widening wealth inequality largely neglected by mainstream economists in recent decades? To explore and explain that neglect, I draw on the writing of the early neoclassical economist John Bates Clark, who introduced the notion of the marginal productivity of income distribution at the end of the nineteenth century. I then turn to Piketty’s Capital in order to analyze the salience of marginal productivity theories of income today. I suggest that most of the criticism and praise for Piketty’s research is focused on data that are accessible and measurable, obscuring attention to questions over whether current methods for measuring economic capital are defensible or not. My overarching aim is to explore how “absent” data in economics as a whole help to reinforce blind spots within mainstream economic theory.

scholarly journals Economic Interpretations of Intergenerational Correlations

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan D Grawe ◽  
Casey B Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Fertility Choice ◽  
Intergenerational Correlations

Since accurate prediction ultimately determines the usefulness of theory, our paper gives the reader a taste of some predictions derived from economic theory and some empirical successes and failures. We provide only a taste, because there are a great many economic models relevant to intergenerational correlations— such as models of educational attainment, neighborhood effects in schooling, family formation and fertility choice, occupational choice and discrimination—and quite a variety of predictions that might be derived from these models. However, a simple model of investment and intergenerational decision making can be interpreted as a conceptual aggregation of many more detailed economic models. We present such a model and from it derive one class of predictions that has received substantial attention in the empirical literature—the role of endowments and credit markets in determining intergenerational correlations.

scholarly journals The Theory of Crisis after Crisis

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Igor Mladenović ◽  
Dragoslav Kitanović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Objective Knowledge ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
Philosophy Of Economics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Political Foundations

AbstractThe global economic system and the world crisis are a reality, and hence the challenge for modern economic theory, which is to provide a valid response to its development and overcoming the crisis. The prevailing economic theory and methodology (neo-liberal paradigm) in this field demonstrates serious defects, so this paper attempts to show that the relative nature of economic theory is in expressing the social prejudices of its time. Demystification of the ideological and political foundations of what is today considered "objective knowledge" in the economy, is only possible with the affirmation of a new scientific methodology of economics, i.e. the new philosophy of economics. The aim of the paper is to stimulate thinking and different views on this subject.

scholarly journals Impacts of the end of the reserve clause on the football [soccer] players transfer market

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Fábio Augusto Pera de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Significant Change

Brazilian football [soccer] player market has suffered a  significant  change  in  its  structure,  with the end of the reserve clause in 2001. Among the possible economic consequences of the structural change  is  the  alteration  in  the  mobility  of  the players  among  the  teams, given  by  the  volume of transfers. In accordance with the concepts of the  new  economic  system  of  the institutions, a hypothesis that the change in the property rights on  the players  has  caused  a  significant increase in  the  number  of  transfers  of  athletes  among teams was formulated. A  research with players who  had  served  the  Brazilian  Team  between 1996  and  2005  confirmed  the  hypothesis  that the  free market brought  an  expressive  increase in  the  volume  of  transfers,  thus  corroborating the economic theory.

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