Determinism and Stability in Physics
This chapter examines the role of stability and determinism in physical theories such as statistical mechanics. In the physical sciences, the notions of stability and instability, no longer camouflaged in the language of necessity and contingency, are often used in a variety of contexts, from chaos theory to quantum mechanics. Physicists consider questions about the stability of states, orbits, and structures to be as fundamental as questions about determinism. Before expounding on the conceptual relations between stability and determinism in physics, the chapter discusses three interconnected problems that statistical mechanics has had to tackle: the meaning of probability in statistical mechanics, the link between probability and a system's dynamics, and the origin of directionality. It shows that the notions of determinism and stability are often conflated, giving rise to teleological thinking.